scholarly journals Genetic Diversity of Eight Domestic Goat Populations Raised in Turkey

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zafer Bulut ◽  
Ercan Kurar ◽  
Yusuf Ozsensoy ◽  
Vahdettin Altunok ◽  
Mehmet Nizamlioglu
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Molecular Markers ◽  
Genetic Differentiation ◽  
Structure Analysis ◽  
Genetic Data ◽  
Assignment Test ◽  
Domestic Goat ◽  
First Time

The objective of this study was to determine the intra- and intergenetic diversities of eight different goat populations in Turkey including Hair, Angora, Kilis, Yayladag, Shami, Honamli, Saanen, and Alpine. A total of 244 DNA samples were genotyped using 11 microsatellites loci. The genetic differentiation between breeds was considerable as a result of the statistically significant (P<0.001) pairwiseFSTvalues of each pair of breeds. Exceptionally,FSTvalues calculated for Honamli and Hair breeds were statistically nonsignificant (P>0.05). Heterozygosity values ranged between 0.62 and 0.73. According to the structure and assignment test, Angora and Yayladag goats were assigned to the breed they belong to, while other breeds were assigned to two or more different groups. Because this study for the first time presented genetic data on the Yayladag goat, results of structure analysis and assigned test suggest that further analyses are needed using additional and different molecular markers.

Genetic Diversity of Basil (Ocimum spp. - Lamiaceae) Based on RAPD Markers and Volatile Oil Constituents

HortScience ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 492f-493
Author(s):  
Roberto F. Vieira ◽  
James E. Simon ◽  
Peter Goldsbrough ◽  
Antonio Figueira
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Molecular Markers ◽  
Rapd Markers ◽  
Volatile Oil ◽  
Essential Oil Composition ◽  
Oil Composition ◽  
Traditional Medicines ◽  
The Tropics ◽  
High Degree ◽  
First Time

Essential oils extracted from basil (Ocimum spp.) by steam distillation are used to flavor foods, oral products, in fragrances, and in traditional medicines. The genus Ocimum contains around 30 species native to the tropics and subtropics, with some species naturalized and/or cultivated in temperate areas. Interand intraspecific hybridization have created significant confusion in the botanical systematics of this genus. Taxonomy of basil (O. basilicum) is also complicated by the existence of numerous varieties, cultivars, and chemotypes within the species that do not differ significantly in morphology. In this study we are using RAPD markers and volatile oil composition to characterize the genetic diversity among the most economically important Ocimum species. We hypothesize that the genetic similarity revealed by molecular markers will more accurately reflect the morphological and chemical differences in Ocimum than essential oil composition per se. Preliminary research using five Ocimum species, four undetermined species, and eight varieties of O. basilicum (a total of 19 accessions) generated 107 polymorphic fragments amplified with 19 primers. RAPDs are able to discriminate between Ocimum species, but show a high degree of similarity between O. basilicum varieties. The genetic distance between nine species and among 55 accessions within the species O. americanum, O. basilicum, O. campechianum, O. × citriodorum, O. gratissimum, O. kilimandscharium, O. minimum, O. selloi, and O. tenuiflorum will be analyzed by matrix of similarity and compared to the volatile oil profile. This research will for the first time apply molecular markers to characterize the genetic diversity of Ocimum associate with volatile oil constituent.

scholarly journals Analysis of genetic diversity in Prunus sibirica L. in inner Mongolia using SCoT molecular markers

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ha Buer ◽  
Sa Rula ◽  
Zi Yuan Wang ◽  
Shu Fang ◽  
Yu´e Bai
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Molecular Markers ◽  
Genetic Differentiation ◽  
Inner Mongolia ◽  
Start Codon ◽  
Group Method ◽  
Pair Group ◽  
Protection And Utilization ◽  
Minimum Number ◽  
Polymorphic Bands

AbstractPopulation genetic diversity contributes to the protection and utilization of germplasm resources, especially via genetic breeding. In the present study, start codon targeted polymorphism (SCoT) molecular markers were used to study the genetic diversity of 278 individuals from 10 Prunus sibirica L. populations in Inner Mongolia. A total of 289 polymorphic bands were amplified with 23 SCoT primers, showing a polymorphism percentage of 98.87% and an average of 12.6 polymorphic bands per primer. The SCoT21, SCoT32, and SCoT53 primers amplified up to 17 bands, and the polymorphism percentage was 100%. The minimum number of bands amplified by SCoT25 was 9, and the polymorphism percentage was 90%. Therefore, SCoT molecular markers were shown to be highly polymorphic and suitable for genetic diversity studies of P. sibirica in Inner Mongolia. The analysis of molecular variance showed that 39% of the observed genetic differentiation occurred among populations and 61% occurred within populations, indicating that the genetic differentiation within populations was greater than that among populations. The results of the unweighted pair-group method with an arithmetic cluster analysis, principal coordinate analysis and STRUCTURE analysis were basically the same and divided the 278 individuals from the 10 populations into 2 groups. The results indicated that the efficient SCoT molecular marker-based genetic diversity analysis of P. sibirica in Inner Mongolia can provide a reference for P. sibirica variety breeding and resource development.

scholarly journals Genetic diversity of the Colombian Creole donkey in the Department of Sucre

2020 ◽  
Vol 51 (6) ◽  
pp. 611-619
Author(s):  
Adrian Medina-Montes ◽  
Darwin Hernández-Herrera ◽  
Javier Beltrán-Herrera ◽  
Donicer Montes-Vergara
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Population Structure ◽  
Molecular Markers ◽  
Structure Analysis ◽  
Genetic Distances ◽  
Entire Population ◽  
Polymorphic Loci ◽  
Population Structure Analysis

The objective of this study was to evaluate the genetic diversity of the Colombian Creole donkey in the Department of Sucre using Random Amplified Microsatellites (RAM) molecular markers. In 100 individuals from the five subregions of the department, DNA was extracted and five RAM primers were amplified by PCR. In all, 291 bands were found, on average 11.96±1.45 per primer, the highest value in CCA (18±2.23) and the lowest in TG and GT (8.8±0.44). CA was the most polymorphic primer (88.09±10.91%) with the highest heterozygosity value (He) (0.376±0.021), while the lowest was GT (0.341±0.076 and 0.101±0.040, respectively). Intrapopulation analysis showed an average of 66.50±1.72 bands, of which 89.86±24.04% were polymorphic. The highest number of bands (63±3.84) was found in the Gulf of Morrosquillo (GO) subpopulation, and the lowest in Mojana (MO) (48±2.88); however, the highest value of polymorphic loci (81.16%) and He (0.335±0.022) were found in the Montes de María (MM) subpopulation, making it the most diverse. The average genetic diversity for the entire population was 0.351±0.021 bands. The population structure analysis showed a 10% variation between subpopulations, with an FST value of 0.17±0.01 (P&lt;0.05). Genetic distances between subpopulations showed that MO and GO were the most distant. The RAM markers are effective in assessing the genetic diversity of the Creole donkey, which has high values of genetic diversity, particularly the MM subpopulation. The genetic revealed structure could be the result of natural geographical barriers between the subregions.

scholarly journals Genetic diversity and molecular survey of Trypanosoma (Megatrypanum ) theileri in cattle in Brazil’s western Amazon region

2018 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 579-583 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thábata dos Anjos Pacheco ◽  
Arlei Marcili ◽  
Andrea Pereira da Costa ◽  
Rute Witter ◽  
Andréia Lima Tomé Melo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Molecular Markers ◽  
Molecular Diagnosis ◽  
Prevalence Rate ◽  
Cathepsin L ◽  
Ssu Rdna ◽  
Amazon Region ◽  
Prevalence Rates ◽  
High Genetic Diversity ◽  
First Time

Abstract Trypanosoma (Megatrypanum) theileri is a flagellated protozoan that infects ruminants and it displays high genetic diversity. In this study, we investigated the prevalence rates of this protozoan based on hemoculture and molecular diagnosis. The isolates of T. theileri thus obtained were characterized by molecular markers SSU rDNA and gGAPDH and molecular diagnosis based on Cathepsin L-like gene (PCR-TthCATL). The PCR-TthCATL and hemoculture indicated an overall prevalence rate of 8.13%, and the CATL derived sequence named IB was identified for the first time in cattle in the western Amazon region, as well as IF in Brazil. We also describe a possible new PCR-TthCATL derived sequence in cattle, designated IL.

scholarly journals Genetic Diversity and Structure of Common Carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) in the Centre of Carpathian Basin: Implications for Conservation

Genes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 1268
Author(s):  
Bianka Tóth ◽  
Rasoul Khosravi ◽  
Mohammad Reza Ashrafzadeh ◽  
Zoltán Bagi ◽  
Milán Fehér ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Genetic Differentiation ◽  
Common Carp ◽  
Assignment Test ◽  
Original Strain ◽  
Genetic Purity ◽  
Animal Genetic Resources ◽  
Genetic Diversity And Structure ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Few Data

Hungary is one of the largest common carp-production countries in Europe and now, there is a large number of local breeds and strains in the country. For proper maintenance of the animal genetic resources, information on their genetic diversity and structure is essential. At present, few data are available on the genetic purity and variability of the Hungarian common carp. In this study, we genetically analyzed 13 strains in Hungary and, in addition, the Amur wild carp, using 12 microsatellite markers. A total of 117 unique alleles were detected in 630 individuals. Low levels of genetic differentiation (Fst and Cavalli–Sforza and Edwards distance) were estimated among strains. The AMOVA showed the low but significant level of genetic differentiation among strains (3.79%). Bayesian clustering analysis using STRUCTURE classified the strains into 14 different clusters. The assignment test showed that 93.64% of the individuals could be assigned correctly into their original strain. Overall, our findings can be contributed to complementing scientific knowledge for conservation and management of threatened strains of common carp.

Guiding Species Recovery through Assessment of Spatial and Temporal Population Genetic Structure of Two Critically Endangered Freshwater Mussel Species (Bivalvia: Unionidae)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jess Walter Jones ◽  
Timothy W. Lane ◽  
Nathan Johnson ◽  
Eric M. Hallerman
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Genetic Differentiation ◽  
Spatial Scales ◽  
Freshwater Mussel ◽  
Genetic Data ◽  
Temporal Scale ◽  
Critically Endangered ◽  
Frequency Change ◽  
Mussel Species ◽  
Clinch River

Abstract The Cumberlandian Combshell (Epioblasma brevidens) and Oyster Mussel (E. capsaeformis) are critically endangered freshwater mussel species native to the Tennessee and Cumberland River drainages, major tributaries of the Ohio River in the eastern United States. The Clinch River in northeastern Tennessee (TN) and southwestern Virginia (VA) harbors the only remaining stronghold population for either species, containing tens of thousands of individuals per species; however, a few smaller populations are still extant in other rivers. We collected and analyzed genetic data to assist with population restoration and recovery planning for both species. We used an 888 base-pair sequence of the mitochondrial NADH dehydrogenase 1 (ND1) gene and ten nuclear DNA microsatellite loci to assess patterns of genetic differentiation and diversity in populations at small and large spatial scales, and at a 9-year (2004 to 2013) temporal scale, which showed how quickly these populations can diverge from each other in a short time period. Intraspecific mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) and microsatellite DNA variation was higher in E. capsaeformis than in E. brevidens. These two species have maintained quite different levels of genetic diversity within their Clinch River stronghold and in their smaller peripheral populations in the Big South Fork Cumberland and Nolichucky rivers, TN. For instance, with only three mtDNA haplotypes detected overall across populations, E. brevidens’ capacity for maintaining genetic diversity appears to be less than that of E. capsaeformis, which had 18 haplotypes. At the relatively small spatial scales (15-30 kilometers) investigated in the Clinch River, demes of both species exhibited minimal genetic differentiation in either the 2004 or 2013 sampling periods, typically <0.02 based on FST and <0.1 based on Jost’s D. Our genetic data suggest that mussels at the numerous shoals in a 32-kilometer section of the Clinch River comprise a single, large population of each respective species with very high gene-flow among individual demes. However, we also observed a high level of genetic differentiation among demes at the 9-year temporal scale, with differentiation metrics for E. brevidens (D = 0.47 and FST = 0.12) and E. capsaeformis (D = 0.31 and FST = 0.05) proving higher than the within-year values. This result strongly suggests that genetic drift is playing an important role in allele frequency change over time in these populations. At the spatial and temporal scales investigated in this study, various demographic, life history, and environmental factors are influencing maintenance of genetic variation and need to be considered during conservation planning for each species.

scholarly journals Genetic Diversity among Lathyrus ssp. Based on Agronomic Traits and Molecular Markers

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 1182 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meriem Miyassa Aci ◽  
Antonio Lupini ◽  
Giuseppe Badagliacca ◽  
Antonio Mauceri ◽  
Emilio Lo Presti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Molecular Markers ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Structure Analysis ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Gene Diversity ◽  
Polymorphic Information Content ◽  
Phenotypic Traits ◽  
Principal Coordinates Analysis ◽  
Principal Coordinates

Grasspea (Lathyrus sativus L.) and its relatives are considered resilient legumes due to their high ability to cope with different stresses. In this study, the genetic diversity of three Lathyrus species (L. sativus, L cicera and L. ochrus) was assessed by agronomic traits and molecular markers (Simple Sequence Repeat-SSR) in order to detect accessions useful for future breeding strategies. Phenotypic traits showed a high significant variation in which 1000 seed weight (1000 SW) and protein content appeared the most discriminant, as observed by principal component analysis (PCA). SSR analysis was able to detect forty-eight different alleles with an average of 9.6 allele per locus, and a Polymorphic Information Content (PIC) and a gene diversity of 0.745 and 0.784, respectively. Cluster analysis based on agronomic traits as well as molecular data grouped accessions by species but not by geographical origin. This result was confirmed by Principal Coordinates Analysis (PCoA) and Structure Analysis as well. Moreover, genetic structure analysis revealed a high genetic differentiation between L. ochrus and the other species. Analysis of MOlecular Variance (AMOVA) displayed a greater genetic diversity within species (77%) than among them (23%). Finally, a significant positive correlation was observed between agronomic and genetic distances (Mantel’s test). In conclusion, the variability detected within accessions in each species and the differences among species may be useful to plan next breeding programs, focusing on biomass production as well as protein content.

scholarly journals Combining Microsatellite Markers and Ampelography for Better Management of Romanian Grapevine Germplasm Collections

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 193-198 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carmen Florentina POPESCU ◽  
Manna CRESPAN
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Molecular Markers ◽  
Phenotypic Variability ◽  
Molecular Analyses ◽  
Germplasm Collections ◽  
New Synonyms ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Genetic Profiles ◽  
First Time ◽  
The Eu

Aiming to investigate the correspondence of phenotypic variability and molecular markers, 50 varieties of Vitis vinifera ssp. vinifera, ancient grapevine varieties grown on Romanian territory, were selected to be analysed. All varieties were subjected to ampelographic analyses with OIV descriptors and also to molecular analyses with 13 microsatellites. The morphology description with recommended methods corresponded with the reference literature, proving the correct registration of the varieties at the moment of acquisition. Markers efficiency for assessing the genetic diversity among studied varieties was evaluated by computation of statistic parameters referring to the polymorphisms found. Among the internationally recommended SSR markers, ISV4 and VMCNG4b9 markers displayed interesting PIC and PI values. By comparing the SSR profiles of the 50 Romanian grapevine varieties with those in the Eu database, the following can be concluded: confirmation of 10 synonymies mentioned in old documents, while 3 synonymies mentioned in old reference literature were not confirmed, new synonyms were found for 4 accessions, additional synonyms were found for 4 accessions, which are to be added to the previous ones already mentioned in the literature, the synonymies in three groups of accessions were documented for the first time in  the specialised literature, the unicity of three Romanian accessions was proved (ʻMoroştinăʼ, ʻNegru mareʼ and ʻRomânieʼ) and the genetic profiles of 15 varieties were identical to those already recorded in the investigated databases

scholarly journals The level of genetic diversity and differentiation of mountain hare Lepus timidus population in Karelia

2012 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 17-21
Author(s):  
Ludmila V Topchieva ◽  
Vladimir V Belkin ◽  
Nikolay L Rendakov ◽  
Irina E Malysheva ◽  
Sergey N Kolomeychuk
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Genetic Differentiation ◽  
Mountain Hare ◽  
Lepus Timidus ◽  
First Time ◽  
Hare Population ◽  
Selection Of

The level of genetic diversity of mountain hare Lepus timidus was assessed in Karelia for the first time. A significant remainder was revealed after substraction of Но value from Не, which value indicates the predominant selection of homozygotes rather than heterozygotes and the occurrence of inbreeding in the groups under study. The Fst value equal to 0.133 was calculated for the animals from different regions and indicates their genetic differentiation, which allows distinguishing subpopulation groups in mountain hare population.

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