scholarly journals Perioperative Elevation in Cell-Free DNA Levels in Patients Undergoing Cardiac Surgery: Possible Contribution of Neutrophil Extracellular Traps to Perioperative Renal Dysfunction

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu Qi ◽  
Tokujiro Uchida ◽  
Mamoru Yamamoto ◽  
Yudai Yamamoto ◽  
Koji Kido ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Surgery ◽  
Renal Dysfunction ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Neutrophil Extracellular Trap ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Creatinine Concentration ◽  
Elective Cardiac Surgery ◽  
Multicenter Observational Study ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Relationship

Background. This study aimed to determine the perioperative change in serum double-strand DNA (dsDNA) as a marker potentially reflecting neutrophil extracellular trap concentration in samples from patients undergoing cardiac surgery and to analyze a relationship between serum dsDNA concentrations and perioperative renal dysfunction. Methods. Serum dsDNA concentrations in samples that were collected during a previously conducted, prospective, multicenter, observational study were measured. Eighty patients undergoing elective cardiac surgery were studied. Serum samples were collected at baseline, immediately after surgery, and the day after surgery (POD-1). Results. Serum dsDNA concentration was significantly increased from baseline (median, 398 ng/mL [interquartile range, 372–475 ng/mL]) to immediately after surgery (median, 540 ng/mL [437–682 ng/mL], p<0.001), and they were reduced by POD-1 (median, 323 ng/mL [256–436 ng/mL]). The difference in serum creatinine concentration between baseline and POD-1 was correlated with dsDNA concentration on POD-1 (rs=0.61, p<0.001). Conclusions. In patients undergoing cardiac surgery, serum dsDNA concentration is elevated postoperatively. Prolonged elevation in dsDNA concentration is correlated with perioperative renal dysfunction. Further large-scale studies are needed to determine the relationship between serum concentration of circulating dsDNA and perioperative renal dysfunction.

Relationship between total plasma homocysteine and the risk of aneurysms – a meta-analysis

VASA ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Hanji Zhang ◽  
Dexin Yin ◽  
Yue Zhao ◽  
Yezhou Li ◽  
Dejiang Yao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Single Species ◽  
Total Plasma ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Randomized Controlled Studies ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Healthy Participants

Summary: Our meta-analysis focused on the relationship between homocysteine (Hcy) level and the incidence of aneurysms and looked at the relationship between smoking, hypertension and aneurysms. A systematic literature search of Pubmed, Web of Science, and Embase databases (up to March 31, 2020) resulted in the identification of 19 studies, including 2,629 aneurysm patients and 6,497 healthy participants. Combined analysis of the included studies showed that number of smoking, hypertension and hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy) in aneurysm patients was higher than that in the control groups, and the total plasma Hcy level in aneurysm patients was also higher. These findings suggest that smoking, hypertension and HHcy may be risk factors for the development and progression of aneurysms. Although the heterogeneity of meta-analysis was significant, it was found that the heterogeneity might come from the difference between race and disease species through subgroup analysis. Large-scale randomized controlled studies of single species and single disease species are needed in the future to supplement the accuracy of the results.

scholarly journals Grounding semantic transparency in context

Morphology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rossella Varvara ◽  
Gabriella Lapesa ◽  
Sebastian Padó
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Distributional Semantics ◽  
Semantic Transparency ◽  
Inclusion Measure ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Semantic Point ◽  
The Many ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractWe present the results of a large-scale corpus-based comparison of two German event nominalization patterns: deverbal nouns in -ung (e.g., die Evaluierung, ‘the evaluation’) and nominal infinitives (e.g., das Evaluieren, ‘the evaluating’). Among the many available event nominalization patterns for German, we selected these two because they are both highly productive and challenging from the semantic point of view. Both patterns are known to keep a tight relation with the event denoted by the base verb, but with different nuances. Our study targets a better understanding of the differences in their semantic import.The key notion of our comparison is that of semantic transparency, and we propose a usage-based characterization of the relationship between derived nominals and their bases. Using methods from distributional semantics, we bring to bear two concrete measures of transparency which highlight different nuances: the first one, cosine, detects nominalizations which are semantically similar to their bases; the second one, distributional inclusion, detects nominalizations which are used in a subset of the contexts of the base verb. We find that only the inclusion measure helps in characterizing the difference between the two types of nominalizations, in relation with the traditionally considered variable of relative frequency (Hay, 2001). Finally, the distributional analysis allows us to frame our comparison in the broader coordinates of the inflection vs. derivation cline.

Epicardial Adipose Tissue and Postoperative Atrial Fibrillation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Petraglia Laura ◽  
Conte Maddalena ◽  
Comentale Giuseppe ◽  
Cabaro Serena ◽  
Campana Pasquale ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Cardiac Surgery ◽  
Epicardial Adipose Tissue ◽  
Perioperative Period ◽  
Postoperative Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein 1 ◽  
Elective Cardiac Surgery ◽  
Increased Risk

Abstract Background. Atrial fibrillation (AF) often occurs after cardiac surgery and is associated to increased risk of stroke and mortality. Several evidence support the important role of inflammation in the pathogenesis of postoperative atrial fibrillation (POAF). It is known that an increased volume and a pro-inflammatory phenotype of epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) are both associated with AF onset in non surgical context. In the present study, we aim to evaluate whether also POAF occurrence may be triggered by an exalted production of inflammatory mediators from EAT.Methods. The study population was composed of 105 patients, with no history of paroxysmal or permanent AF, undergoing elective cardiac surgery. After clinical evaluation, all patients performed an echocardiographic study including the measurement of EAT thickness. Serum samples and EAT biopsies were collected before surgery. Levels of 10 inflammatory cytokines were measured in serum and EAT conditioned media. After surgery, cardiac rhythm was monitored for 7 days.Results. Forty-four patients (41.3%) developed POAF. As regard to cardiovascular therapy, only statin use was significantly lower in POAF patients (65.1% vs. 84.7%; p-0.032). Levels of Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein-1 (MCP-1), in both serum and EAT, were significantly higher in POAF patients (130.1 pg/ml vs. 68.7 pg/ml; p = < 0.001; 322.4 pg/ml vs. 153.4 pg/ml; p = 0.028 respectively). EAT levels of IL-6 were significantly increased in POAF patients compared to those in sinus rhythm (126.3 pg/ml vs. 23 pg/ml; p = < 0.005).ConclusionHigher EAT levels of IL6 and MCP1 are significantly associated with the occurrence of POAF. Statin therapy seems to play a role in preventing POAF. These results might pave the way for a targeted use of these drugs in the perioperative period.

scholarly journals Risk of de novo dialysis after elective cardiac surgery according to preoperative renal dysfunction

2017 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raul A Borracci ◽  
Miguel Rubio ◽  
Julio Baldi ◽  
Jose L Barisani
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Surgery ◽  
Renal Dysfunction ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Elective Cardiac Surgery

Plasma endotoxin concentrations during cardiac surgery may be related to atherosclerosis

Perfusion ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 15 (5) ◽  
pp. 421-426 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vibeke Videm ◽  
Jan L Svennevig ◽  
Erik Fosse ◽  
Brit Mohr ◽  
Ansgar O Aasen
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Surgery ◽  
Postoperative Complications ◽  
Valve Replacement ◽  
Artery Bypass ◽  
Elective Cardiac Surgery ◽  
Plasma Endotoxin ◽  
Systemic Endotoxemia ◽  
Risk Patients ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Cardiac Operations

Systemic endotoxemia develops during cardiopulmonary bypass, probably due to intestinal ischaemia. Differences in endotoxaemia among various cardiac operations and the relationship between endotoxemia and postoperative complications were studied in high-risk patients. Blood samples were obtained at termination of bypass in 136 adults undergoing elective cardiac surgery. Postoperative complications were registered prospectively. Plasma endotoxin was quantified by a kinetic limulus amebocyte lysate assay. Mean endotoxin concentrations were significantly lower in patients undergoing isolated valve replacement (89 ng/l) than in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting alone (234 ng/l), or combined with valve replacement (278 ng/l) or carotid artery surgery (321 ng/l) ( p < 0.05). In multivariate linear regression, only the number of grafts (0, 1-3, 4-5) was significantly correlated to endotoxin concentrations ( p < 0.0005). Endotoxin concentrations were related to development of gastrointestinal dysfunction ( p = 0.03), but not to mortality ( p = 0.24) or other complications ( p = 0.62).

scholarly journals Comparison of Mortality between Japanese Peritoneal Dialysis and Hemodialysis Patients: A 5-Year Multicenter Follow-Up Study

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazuko Suzuki ◽  
Tsuneo Konta ◽  
Kazunobu Ichikawa ◽  
Ami Ikeda ◽  
Hiroki Niino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Peritoneal Dialysis ◽  
Japanese Patients ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Dialysis Modality ◽  
Multicenter Observational Study ◽  
Kaplan Meier ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Cox Analysis ◽  
The Relationship

To examine the relationship between dialysis modality and prognosis in Japanese patients, we conducted a prospective multicenter observational study. We recruited 83 background-matched peritoneal dialysis (PD) and 83 hemodialysis (HD) patients (average age, 64.9 years; men, 53.6%; diabetic patients, 22.9%; median duration of dialysis, 48 months in all patients) and followed them for 5 years. During the follow-up period, 27 PD patients (16 cardiovascular and 11 non-cardiovascular deaths) and 27 HD patients died (14 cardiovascular and 13 non-cardiovascular deaths). There were 8 PD patients switched to HD, and 6 PD patients received renal transplantation. Kaplan-Meier analysis revealed that the crude survival rate was not significantly different at the end of 5 years (PD 67.5% versus 67.5%, log-rankP=0.719). The difference in cardiovascular and non-cardiovascular mortalities between PD and HD was not statistically significant. Multivariate Cox analysis showed that the independent predictors for death were age and serum albumin levels, but not the dialysis modality. This study showed that the overall mortality was not significantly different between PD and HD patients, which suggests that dialysis modality might not be an independent factor for survival in Japanese patients.

Steuern und Regeln

2019 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Information Technologies ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Philosophy Of Technology ◽  
Digital Information ◽  
Cognitive Technology ◽  
Epistemic Practices ◽  
Conventional Technology ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The One ◽  
The Relationship

In the traditional philosophy of technology, the two main modus operandi found in conventional technology are categorised and described under the terms ‘control’ and ‘regulation’ as a way of differentiating between them. This occurs for two reasons: on the one hand, in order to specify the difference between the forms of technology that have been developed by since the Neolithic revolution and the ‘accidental’ technology (as discussed by Ortega y Gasset) of higher species or prehistoric man, and on the other to reveal the relationship between technology and (natural) science more precisely. In the meantime, however, modern technologies and new epistemic practices are challenging historical descriptions of the nature of technoscience and the dichotomy between ‘control’ and ‘regulation’ respectively. Bearing in mind the so-called new emerging sciences and technologies (NEST) and other developments in IT, cognitive technology, nanotechnology and biotechnology, this volume examines who or what can be conceptualised as the subject of processes of control and regulation. In terms of large-scale systems and the organisation of large social structures, methods of control are becoming increasingly problematic because digital information technologies especially are creating new, diverse ways of manipulating and regulating processes or conditions, for example monitoring, big data and profiling, while the counteractive consequences of the same development, for example the ever-increasing amount of data, acceleration, automatisation and the logic of sociotechnical infrastructures, are increasingly throwing the possibility of coordinated control into doubt.

scholarly journals Testing the Relationship of Employee Empowerment and Organisational Performance

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 95-110
Author(s):  
Gibriel Badjie ◽  
Armanu Thoyib ◽  
Djumilah Hadiwidjojo ◽  
Ainur Rofiq
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
The Gambia ◽  
Employee Empowerment ◽  
Organisational Performance ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Private And Public ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Analyse Data ◽  
Public Organisations ◽  
The Relationship

The research aimed to test the new measures of employee empowerment in a collectively social oriented society. The study applied questionnaire-based survey to obtain data and test the relationship between employee empowerment and organisational performance. A total of 80 completed questionnaires from the senior HR personnel from 40 organisations in the Gambia took part in the survey. Ten employees were engaged in a face-to-face interview, 2 private and 8 public organisations from among the 40 organisations that participated.  Both SPSS and SmartPLS were utilised to analyse data. MGA is used to determine the difference private and public organisations. The study has indicated a significant relationship between employee empowerment and organisational performance. The findings revealed a small but not significant difference between the private and public organisations in their definition of employee empowerment in the Gambia based on MGA report. The findings discovered that the social nature of employees cannot be disputed, and a strong recognition of employees promotes organisation performance. HR department and organisational flexibility relates more to employee’s empowerment and has effect on attitude and behaviour. The study recommends further large-scale research in other environments outside the Gambia.

scholarly journals Effect of cardiopulmonary bypass on hemostasis in patients undergoing cardiac surgery

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 134
Author(s):  
Jubayer Ahmad ◽  
Redoy Ranjan ◽  
Heemel Saha ◽  
S. M. G. Saklayen ◽  
Masuda Begum ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Surgery ◽  
Cardiopulmonary Bypass ◽  
Fibrinogen Level ◽  
Cardiopulmonary Bypass Time ◽  
Elective Cardiac Surgery ◽  
Bypass Group ◽  
Group A ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Group B

<p class="Abstract">This study aimed to evaluate the hemostatic derangement in patients undergoing elective cardiac surgery using cardiopulmonary bypass. Total 55 patients of either sex, were divided into three groups: Group A (n=20): Patients selected for elective cardiac surgery without cardiopulmonary bypass; Group B (n=20): Patients who undergone cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass time &lt;90 min; and Group C (n=15): Patients who undergone cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass time either 90 min or more. The difference of mean hemoglobin, total count of WBC, and platelet count on immediate post-operative period and at 7 days after surgery were statistically significant among the groups. The mean hematocrit value, fibrinogen level and coagulation profile were statistically significant between the two groups in comparison to pre-operative value. The mean cross-clamp time and bypass time were statistically significant between the two sub-groups of cardiopulmonary bypass population. The mean blood loss was more (1513.3 ± 307.9 mL) where the cardiopulmonary bypass was used for &gt;90 min in comparison to other population. Prolong cardiopulmonary bypass time associated with more hemostatic abnormalities and complications can be minimized by shortening the bypass time.</p>

scholarly journals Implication of serum zinc level with duration and clinical type of vitiligo

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 99
Author(s):  
Sohail Mirza ◽  
Mohammad Eakub Ali ◽  
Lubna Khondker ◽  
Md. Shirajul Islam Khan ◽  
Nadia Islam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Serum Zinc ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Zinc Level ◽  
Serum Zinc Level ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Medical University ◽  
The Relationship

<p><strong>Background:</strong> Vitiligo is a common dermatological disorder characterized by acquired, idiopathic, progressive, hypomelanosis of the skin and hair, with total absence of melanocytes microscopically. <strong></strong></p><p><strong>Objective:</strong> The study was conducted to find out the relationship between serum zinc level and clinical spectrum of vitiligo. <strong></strong></p><p><strong>Methods:</strong> A cross sectional study conducted in the departmenl of Dermatology and Venereology and department of Biochemistry, Bang­abandbu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Dhaka, Bangladesh and the period of study was from May 2010 to October 2011. <strong></strong></p><p><strong>Results:</strong> The mean difference of sernm zinc level in male and female of both groups were significant (p&lt;0.05) but the mean serum zinc level was not significantly different (p&gt;0.05) among various clinical types ofvitiligo. ln case oflocalized vitiligo mean serum zinc level was 755.3 ± 288.6, in case of acrofacial viriligo mean serum zinc level was 821.4 ± 259.6 and in case of generalized vitiligo mean sernm zinc level was 771.6 ± 222.2. The difference of mean sernm zinc level observed between family history positive and negative group were not statistically significant (p&gt;0.05). The difference of mean senun zinc level was also not statistically significant (p&gt;0.05) among &lt;1 year, 1-10 years and 11-20 years duration groups of vitiligo patients. A negative correlation (r = -0.227) was observed between duration of symptom with senun zinc level in this study.<strong> </strong></p><p><strong>Conclusion:</strong> This study showed low level of serum zinc in vitiligo patients. Large-scale studies are needed to confirm these findings and multicenter study should be carried out to reveal the accurate pattern of zinc status in vitiligo.</p>

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document