scholarly journals Limited Effects of Endurance or Interval Training on Visceral Adipose Tissue and Systemic Inflammation in Sedentary Middle-Aged Men

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joshua H. F. Cooper ◽  
Blake E. G. Collins ◽  
David R. Adams ◽  
Robert A. Robergs ◽  
Cheyne E. Donges
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Systemic Inflammation ◽  
Visceral Adipose Tissue ◽  
Visceral Fat ◽  
Interval Training ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Active Recovery ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Visceral Adipose

Purpose. Limited data exists for the effects of sprint-interval training (SIT) and endurance training (ET) on total body composition, abdominal visceral adipose tissue, and plasma inflammation. Moreover, whether “active” or “passive” recovery in SIT provides a differential effect on these measures remains uncertain.Methods. Sedentary middle-aged men (n=62;49.5±5.8 y;29.7±3.7 kg·m2) underwent abdominal computed tomography, dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, venepuncture, and exercise testing before and after the interventions, which included the following: 12 wks 3 d·wk−1 ET (n=15; 50–60 min cycling; 80% HRmax), SIT (4–10 × 30 s sprint efforts) with passive (P-SIT;n=15) or active recovery (A-SIT;n=15); or nonexercise control condition (CON;n=14). Changes in cardiorespiratory fitness, whole-body and visceral fat mass, and plasma systemic inflammation were examined.Results. Compared to CON, significant increases in interpolated power output (P-SIT,P<0.001; ET,P=0.012; A-SIT,P=0.041) and test duration (P-SIT,P=0.001; ET,P=0.012; A-SIT,P=0.046) occurred after training. Final VO2consumption was increased after P-SIT only (P<0.001). Despite >90% exercise compliance, there was no change in whole-body or visceral fat mass or plasma inflammation (P>0.05).Conclusion. In sedentary middle-aged men, SIT was a time-effective alternative to ET in facilitating conditioning responses yet was ineffective in altering body composition and plasma inflammation, and compared to passive recovery, evidenced diminished conditioning responses when employing active recovery.

scholarly journals Effect of Long-Term Whole Body Vibration Training on Visceral Adipose Tissue: A Preliminary Report

Obesity Facts ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 7-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dirk Vissers ◽  
An Verrijken ◽  
Ilse Mertens ◽  
Caroline Van Gils ◽  
Annemie Van de Sompel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Visceral Adipose Tissue ◽  
Preliminary Report ◽  
Whole Body Vibration ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Body Vibration ◽  
Vibration Training ◽  
Whole Body Vibration Training ◽  
Visceral Adipose

Influence of diet and exercise on skeletal muscle and visceral adipose tissue in men

1996 ◽  
Vol 81 (6) ◽  
pp. 2445-2455 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Ross ◽  
John Rissanen ◽  
Heather Pedwell ◽  
Jennifer Clifford ◽  
Peter Shragge
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Visceral Adipose Tissue ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Relative Reduction ◽  
Body Regions ◽  
Diet And Exercise ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
Visceral Adipose

Ross, Robert, John Rissanen, Heather Pedwell, Jennifer Clifford, and Peter Shragge. Influence of diet and exercise on skeletal muscle and visceral adipose tissue in men. J. Appl. Physiol. 81(6): 2445–2455, 1996.—The effects of diet only (DO) and diet combined with either aerobic (DA) or resistance (DR) exercise on subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT), visceral adipose tissue (VAT), lean tissue (LT), and skeletal muscle (SM) tissue were evaluated in 33 obese men (DO, n= 11; DA, n = 11; DR, n = 11). All tissues were measured by using a whole body multislice magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) model. Within each group, significant reductions were observed for body weight, SAT, and VAT ( P < 0.05). The reductions in body weight (∼10%) and SAT (∼25%) and VAT volume (∼35%) were not different between groups ( P > 0.05). For all treatments, the relative reduction in VAT was greater than in SAT ( P < 0.05). For the DA and DR groups only, the reduction in abdominal SAT (∼27%) was greater ( P < 0.05) than that observed for the gluteal-femoral region (∼20%). Conversely, the reduction in VAT was uniform throughout the abdomen regardless of treatment ( P > 0.05). MRI-LT and MRI-SM decreased both in the upper and lower body regions for the DO group alone ( P < 0.05). Peak O2 uptake (liters) was significantly improved (∼14%) in the DA group as was muscular strength (∼20%) in the DR group ( P< 0.01). These findings indicate that DA and DR result in a greater preservation of MRI-SM, mobilization of SAT from the abdominal region, by comparison with the gluteal-femoral region, and improved functional capacity when compared with DO in obese men.

Abstract 5822: Atherosclerotic Plaque Inflammation Synchronize With Inflammatory Activity OF Visceral Fat

Circulation ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 118 (suppl_18) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eung Ju Kim ◽  
Hong Seog Seo ◽  
Sungeun Kim ◽  
Jin Oh Na ◽  
Jae Hyoung Park ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Atherosclerotic Plaque ◽  
Visceral Adipose Tissue ◽  
Visceral Fat ◽  
Subcutaneous Fat ◽  
Fdg Uptake ◽  
Coronary Syndrome ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Plaque Inflammation ◽  
Visceral Adipose

Background: Visceral adipose tissue is thought to confer increased cardiovascular risk through leukocyte infiltration and increased adipose macrophage activity. Previous positron emission tomography (PET) studies using fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) demonstrated that increased FDG uptake could reflect the severity of inflammation in atherosclerotic plaque. We hypothesized that active atherosclerotic change in the major arteries would accompany increased inflammation within visceral fat and it could be detected in humans using combined FDG PET/computed tomography (CT). Methods: We observed 44 consecutive subjects with cardiovascular disease. For all of them, an one-hour PET/CT (from brain to foot) was performed after injection of FDG (370–555 MBq). FDG uptake in the aorta or its major branches was evaluated visually and semiquantitatively. Maximal standard uptake values (SUV) of the highest regions of interest were calculated in the subcutaneous fat and visceral fat area, separately. Results: Significant FDG uptake in the arterial wall was noted in 21 patients (plaque positive; PP group), all of whom have experienced acute cardiovascular events (acute coronary syndrome or ischemic stroke) within a week. The other 23 patients (plaque negative; PN group) had chronic stable angina or asymptomatic carotid stenosis. Visceral fat SUV was significantly higher as compared to subcutaneous fat SUV (0.49± 0.15 vs. 0.15± 0.05, p< 0.001) in PP group, whereas there was no significant difference in PN group (0.18± 0.07 vs. 0.16± 0.03, p= 0.622). When we compared two groups, PP group showed higher visceral fat SUV than PN group (p< 0.001). In terms of subcutaneous fat SUV, the results were similar in two groups (p= 0.773). Conclusions: We demonstrated that atherosclerotic plaque inflammation was associated with increased inflammation within visceral fat. Our results need to be confirmed by comparison with histologic or other imaging findings. Further evaluation to determine whether metabolic activity of visceral adipose tissue is a marker or mediator of vascular inflammation is also needed.

Sa1358 VALUE OF MEASUREMENT OF WHOLE BODY VISCERAL ADIPOSE TISSUE IN ASSESING THE RISK OF SEVERE ACUTE PANCREATITIS

2020 ◽  
Vol 158 (6) ◽  
pp. S-331-S-332
Author(s):  
Saurabh Dawra ◽  
Singh K. Anupam ◽  
Rakesh Kochhar ◽  
Jayanta Samanta ◽  
Saroj Sinha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Pancreatitis ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Severe Acute Pancreatitis ◽  
Visceral Adipose Tissue ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Visceral Adipose

scholarly journals Midregional Proadrenomedullin Can Reflect the Accumulation of Visceral Adipose Tissue—A Key to Explaining the Obesity Paradox

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (11) ◽  
pp. 3968 ◽  
Author(s):  
Teruhide Koyama ◽  
Nagato Kuriyama ◽  
Ritei Uehara
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Visceral Adipose Tissue ◽  
Fat Distribution ◽  
Obesity Paradox ◽  
Selection Method ◽  
Forward Selection ◽  
Metabolic Equivalents ◽  
Visceral Adipose ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose

Background: The aim of this study was to investigate whether plasma midregional proadrenomedullin (MR-proADM) reflected body composition, such as body mass index (BMI), visceral adipose tissue (VAT), subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT), VAT/SAT ratio, body fat mass (BFM), and skeletal muscle mass (SMM). Methods: A total of 2244 individuals (727 men and 1517 women) were included in the study. Multiple regression analysis was performed to assess the combined influence of variables: age, daily alcohol consumption, Brinkman index, sleeping time, metabolic equivalents, anamnesis for hypertension, dyslipidemia, diabetes, and body composition of MR-proADM, by using a stepwise forward selection method. Results: MR-proADM was significantly related to all anthropometric indices (BMI, VAT, SAT, VAT/SAT ratio, BFM, and SMM) in men and women. On the basis of a stepwise forward selection method, VAT (men: beta = 0.184, p < 0.001, women: beta = 0.203, p < 0.001) and BFM (beta = 0.181, p < 0.001) in women, were found to be significantly associated with MR-proADM. Conclusion: This study suggests that plasma MR-proADM concentration is a more reliable indicator of VAT for fat distribution, and thus, MR-proADM may help better understand the obesity paradox. Changes in circulating levels of MR-proADM could possibly reflect changes in body composition, endocrine, and metabolic milieu.

scholarly journals Altered body composition and increased visceral adipose tissue in premenopausal and late postmenopausal patients with SLE

2019 ◽  
Vol 38 (11) ◽  
pp. 3117-3127 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhaoxia Li ◽  
Jingjie Shang ◽  
Shan Zeng ◽  
Huixia Wu ◽  
Yi Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Visceral Adipose Tissue ◽  
Visceral Adipose

(-)-Epicatechin reduces adiposity in male offspring of obese rats

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergio De los Santos ◽  
Luis Antonio Reyes-Castro ◽  
Ramón Mauricio Coral-Vázquez ◽  
Juan Pablo Méndez ◽  
Marcela Leal-García ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Visceral Adipose Tissue ◽  
Visceral Fat ◽  
Metabolic Profile ◽  
Maternal Obesity ◽  
Male Offspring ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Obese Rats ◽  
Visceral Adipose ◽  
Experimental Group

AbstractObjective:To determine whether (-)-epicatechin (Epi) could decrease visceral adipose tissue and improve the metabolic profile of male offspring rats, after maternal obesity was induced by a high-fat diet (HFD).Design:Maternal obesity in albino Wistar rats was induced with a HFD, whereas male offspring were fed with chow diet throughout the study. Eight male offspring per group, from different litters, were randomly assigned to the experimental or to the control groups. In the experimental group, Epi was administered at a dose of 1 mg/kg of body weight to the male offspring twice daily for two weeks, beginning at postnatal day (PND).Main measures:Weight of visceral adipose tissue, adipocyte size, and several metabolic parameters.Results:Epi administration in the male offspring induced a significant decrease in the amount of visceral fat (11.61 g less, P < 0.05) and in the size of adipose cells (28% smaller, P < 0.01). Besides, Epi was able to decrease insulin, leptin, and Homeostasis Model Assessment -Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR) (P < 0.05), as well as triglycerides, when the experimental group was compared to the untreated male offspring of obese rats (P < 0.01).Conclusions:Epi administration can reverse the negative effects that maternal obesity has on the male offspring. This could be because Epi reduces the amount of visceral fat and improves metabolic profile.

Whole-body skeletal muscle mass is not related to glucose tolerance or insulin sensitivity in overweight and obese men and women

2008 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 769-774 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer L. Kuk ◽  
Katherine Kilpatrick ◽  
Lance E. Davidson ◽  
Robert Hudson ◽  
Robert Ross
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Visceral Adipose Tissue ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Mass ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Visceral Adipose

The relationship between skeletal muscle mass, visceral adipose tissue, insulin sensitivity, and glucose tolerance was examined in 214 overweight or obese, but otherwise healthy, men (n = 98) and women (n = 116) who participated in various exercise and (or) weight-loss intervention studies. Subjects had a 75 g oral glucose tolerance test and (or) insulin sensitivity measures by a 3 h hyperinsulinemic–euglycemic clamp technique. Whole-body skeletal muscle mass and visceral adipose tissue were measured using a multi-slice magnetic resonance imaging protocol. Total body skeletal muscle mass was not associated with any measure of glucose metabolism in men or women (p > 0.10). These observations remained independent of age and total adiposity. Conversely, visceral adipose tissue was a significant predictor of various measures of glucose metabolism in both men and women with or without control for age and (or) total body fat (p < 0.05). Although skeletal muscle is a primary site for glucose uptake and deposition, these findings suggest that unlike visceral adipose tissue, whole-body skeletal muscle mass per se is not associated with either glucose tolerance or insulin sensitivity in overweight and obese men and women.

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