scholarly journals Upgrading Electrical, Mechanical, and Chemical Properties of CNTs/Polybond® Nanocomposites: Pursuit of Electroconductive Structural Polymer Nanocomplexes

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Muhammad Sarfraz
Keyword(s):  
Testing Machine ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Melting Transition ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Resistivity Measurements ◽  
Melt Compounding ◽  
Universal Testing ◽  
Structural Polymer ◽  
Chemical Resistivity ◽  
And Chemical Properties

Electroconductive structural polymer-based nanocomposites (NCs) were prepared by incorporating carbon nanotubes (CNTs) into Polybond (PB) matrix via melt compounding technique. Chemical structure of NCs, investigated via Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, corroborated successful grafting of CNTs functional groups onto PB chains. The morphology of NCs, as examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), ensured their optimum state of dispersion. Electrical conductivity, melting transition temperatures, mechanical properties, and chemical resistance of NCs were improved by incorporating CNTs into PB as established by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), high resistance meter (HRM), Universal Testing Machine (UTM), and chemical resistivity measurements, respectively.

Quest for electroconducting structural polymers: CNTs/Polybond nanocomposites with improved electrical and mechanical properties

2017 ◽  
Vol 37 (6) ◽  
pp. 599-606
Author(s):  
Muhammad Sarfraz
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Sem Analysis ◽  
Polymer Chains ◽  
Melting Transition ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Melt Compounding ◽  
Structural Polymer ◽  
Chemical Resistivity

Abstract Electroconducting structural polymer-based nanocomposites were prepared by incorporating carbon nanotubes (CNTs) into commercially available Polybond (PB) using the melt compounding technique. The structural, morphological, electrical, thermal, mechanical, and chemical properties of the nanocomposites were investigated via Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), differential scanning calorimetry, thermogravimetric analysis, high resistance meter, a Universal Testing Machine (UTM), and chemical resistivity measurements, respectively. FTIR spectra showed the successful grafting of CNT functional groups onto polymer chains. SEM analysis confirmed that the optimum state of dispersion was made for the nanocomposites. Electrical conductivity, melting transition temperatures, mechanical properties, and chemical resistance were improved by incorporating CNTs into PB.

Identification of Amber and the Copal under Heat Pressurized Process

2012 ◽  
Vol 554-556 ◽  
pp. 2112-2115
Author(s):  
Hui Li ◽  
Xuan Wang ◽  
Yong Zhu ◽  
Qin Ren
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Peak Position ◽  
Exothermic Peak ◽  
Endothermic Peak ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Natural Resin ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Artificial Heat ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

Amber and copal belong to the natural resin, which are similar and transitional in the physical and chemical properties. The artificial heat-pressurized treatment is contributed to the polymerization of the natural copal, and turns into green, yellow-green and deep orange-yellow copal. It is very difficult to identify amber from the heat- pressurized treatment copal only based on the gemological parameters.The thermal behavior of amber and the copal before and after heat-pressurized treatment were analyzed by means of differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR) and nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR). The results show that amber exists an evident endothermic peak around 123~132°C, and copal reveals an obvious endothermic peak at about 174~178°C, and the heat pressurized treatment copal occurs a clear exothermic peak around 150~152°C. The differences between endothermic or exothermic transition and peak position reveal occurring thermal oxidation or the bond breaking or the melting, which are of great significance in the identification.

Synthesis and Characteristics of Energetic Materials Based on 1,2-Dinitroguanidine

2014 ◽  
Vol 67 (7) ◽  
pp. 1037 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bingcheng Hu ◽  
Xinghui Jin ◽  
Huanqing Jia ◽  
Zuliang Liu ◽  
Chunxu Lv
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Energetic Materials ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Detonation Properties ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Energetic Salts ◽  
Thermal Kinetic Parameters ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

A series of energetic salts based on 1,2-dinitroguanidine were successfully synthesised and fully characterised using 1H NMR, 13C NMR, and IR spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, elemental analysis, and differential scanning calorimetry. The results show that all the salts possess higher detonation properties (detonation pressures and velocities ranging from 24.8 to 30.3 GPa and 7665 to 8422 m s–1, respectively) than those of trinitrotolouene (TNT, 2,4,6-trinitromethylbenzene). The thermal stability and thermal kinetic parameters were also investigated to give a better understanding of the physical and chemical properties of these energetic salts.

Properties of poly(lactic acid-co-glycolic acid) film modified by blending with polyurethane

2014 ◽  
Vol 68 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Guo-Quan Zhu ◽  
Fa-Gang Wang ◽  
Hong-Sheng Tan ◽  
Qiao-Chun Gao ◽  
Yu-Ying Liu
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Glycolic Acid ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Tensile Tests ◽  
Poly Lactic Acid ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Blend Films ◽  
Surface Contact Angle ◽  
Surface Morphologies ◽  
And Chemical Properties

AbstractA number of poly(lactic acid-co-glycolic acid)/polyurethane (PLGA/PU) blend films with various PU mole contents were prepared by casting the polymer blend solution in chloroform. The surface morphologies of the PLGA/PU blend films were studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The thermal, mechanical and chemical properties of the PLGA/PU blend films were investigated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), tensile tests and surface contact angle tests. The results revealed that the introduction of PU could markedly modify the properties of PLGA films.

scholarly journals Degradation of Plasticized Poly(1-chloroethylene) Waterproofing Membranes used as a Building Material

2021 ◽  
Vol 68 (2) ◽  
pp. 494-504
Author(s):  
Gregor Kravanja ◽  
Andrej Ivanič ◽  
Samo Lubej
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Attenuated Total Reflection ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Roof Area ◽  
Breaking Points ◽  
Flat Roof ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

In the present work, both unused plasticized poly(1-chloroethylene) membranes and membranes taken from a flat roof area were comprehensively analysed. First, tensile strength and elongation at breaking points were determined, followed by measurements of wettability. Secondly, morphological changes were analysed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). To study chemical changes in aged membranes, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis in the attenuated total reflection mode (ATR) was used. Finally, thermogravimetric analysis and differential scanning calorimetry (TGA-DSC) were performed simultaneously to study thermal degradation. The results show obvious changes in the mechanical, physical and chemical properties of membranes caused by plasticizer loss. Surface microstructure becomes stiffer, which leads to contractions and the prevalence of voids. In cross-sectional area, average thickness values decrease. Due to the degradation of the plasticized waterproofing membranes, the roofing area had to be completely replaced.

Influence of PNA012 on Crystallization and Mechanical Properties of Polybutylene Terephthalate

2012 ◽  
Vol 624 ◽  
pp. 264-268 ◽  
Author(s):  
Duo You Zhang ◽  
Peng Liu ◽  
Chun Fa Ouyoung ◽  
Qun Gao ◽  
Kang Sheng Zheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Differential Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Bending Strength ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Nucleating Agent ◽  
Polybutylene Terephthalate ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Universal Testing ◽  
Crystallization Degree

PNA012 is a new nucleating agent on polybutylene terephthalate. The effect of different dosage of PNA012 on crystallization and mechanical properties were investigated by means of differential scanning calorimetry, universal testing machine, melt flow indexer and vicat softening testing machine. It was revealed that the PNA012 could substantially accelerate the crystallization of PBT. Compared with the pure PBT,the crystallization temperature of PBT/PNA012 rises from 196.3 °C to 199.7 °C and crystallization degree from 34.2% to 39.9%. The tensile Strength of PBT/PNA012 is increased 9.7%. The Bending Strength has a rise of 9.3% and the heat distortion temperatures of PBT/PNA012 is increased from 115.07°C to 125.94°C.

scholarly journals Effect of Modifying Shellac with Citric Acid on Shellac-Bagasse Biocomposite

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-16
Author(s):  
Nanik Dwi Nurhayati ◽  
Karna Wijaya ◽  
Triyono ◽  
Eddy Heraldy
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Citric Acid ◽  
Intrinsic Viscosity ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Universal Testing Machine ◽  
Universal Testing ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Mechanical Tensile

This study was aimed at modifying local Shellac with citric acid in varied concentrations of 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10 % (w/w) to prepare Shellac-Bagasse (Sh-Bg) biocomposite and determining its physico-chemical properties. The biocomposite was made from the natural Shellac matrices and Bagasse fibers. Physico-chemical properties of non-modified Shellac and Shellac modified with citric acid including functional groups, intrinsic viscosity, density, and mechanical tensile strength were characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FTIR), Oswald viscometer and Universal Testing Machine (UTM). The analysis results showed an optimum modification of shellac-citric acid at a concentration of 4% (w/w). FTIR analysis of the modified Shellac showed a broad absorption at 3448 cm–1 which indicated the presence of hydroxyl groups (-OH). The presence of C=O ester groups was indicated by the absorption appearing at 1712 cm–1. The absorption at 1251-1250 cm–1 indicated the presence of C-O groups, while the presence of -CH2 methylene groups was indicated by the absorption at 1465 cm–1. The modified Shellac with its optimal intrinsic viscosity of 169.97 mL/g indicated that there was a reaction between citric acid and Shellac to form an ester, so that the polymer chains formed were longer with a low density of 0,6662-0,8168 mg/L when compared to Shellac without modification. The low density indicated that the citric acid-modified Shellac could be processed to be biocomposite. The biocomposite was made with various compositions of Shellac and Bagasse with hot press at 80 °C and under a pressure of 6 Kgf/cm2. The optimum ratio of Shellac to Bagasse in Shellac-Bagasse (Sh-Bg) biocomposite was of 60:40 %. While, the analysis using Universal testing machine resulted a mechanical tensile strength of 0.6 MPa and an elongation at break of 0.45 %.

Glass-Ceramics Obtained from Sewage Sludge and its Characteristics Affected by Alkalinity

2014 ◽  
Vol 937 ◽  
pp. 70-73
Author(s):  
Di Wu ◽  
Jun Zhang ◽  
Xing Wang Wen ◽  
Hui Ling Liu
Keyword(s):  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Glass Ceramics ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Sludge Disposal ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

Sewage sludge was tested as component for producing glass-ceramics with the addition of analytic reagent CaO to solve the sewage sludge disposal problems. The effect of alkalinity (Ak=mCaO/mSiO2) on the characteristics of the glass-ceramics was investigated. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) were used to investigate thermal behavior and crystalline phase of the samples. It was found that the degree and characteristics of crystals in vitrified sludge significantly correlate to the alkalinity of the raw materials. The glass-ceramics with Ak = 0.36 possessed the best physical and chemical properties.

scholarly journals HYGROSCOPIC, THERMAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF CINNAMON ESSENTIAL OIL MICROPARTICLE OBTAINED BY SPRAY DRYING

2017 ◽  
pp. 884 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pedro Henrique Campelo ◽  
Jayne De Abreu Figueiredo ◽  
Vany Ferraz ◽  
Maria Irene Yoshida ◽  
Regiane Victória De Barros Fernandes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Spray Drying ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Gum Arabic ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Sigmoidal Curve ◽  
Gab Model ◽  
Cinnamon Essential Oil ◽  
Best Fit ◽  
And Chemical Properties

This study aimed at evaluating the potential of gum arabic in combination with maltodextrin for the microencapsulation of cinnamon essential oil by spray drying to maximize its hygroscopic, thermal and chemical stability. The corresponding isotherm exhibited type II behavior (sigmoidal curve), and the best fit was obtained for the GAB model (E = 4.81%). Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analysis showed that the increased moisture content caused a significant reduction of the glass transition temperature (Tg) of the microparticles. Microparticles stored at intermediate humidity exhibited thermal stability and a lower mass loss, while storing at low temperatures led to higher antioxidant capacity and cinnamaldehyde retention.

Grafting of Hydroxy-Terminated Polybutadiene with 2-Mercaptoethanol

2002 ◽  
Vol 67 (12) ◽  
pp. 1899-1910 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Pleska ◽  
Iva Klichová ◽  
Jindřich Pytela
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Radical Addition ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Polyurethane Elastomers ◽  
Volatile Solvents ◽  
Hydrolytic Resistance ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

A method for functionalization of hydroxy-terminated polybutadiene with 2-sulfanylethan-1-ol (2-mercaptoethanol) leading to a controlled increase in the OH functionality of the polymer was developed. The polybutadiene used contained about 65% of unsaturation in the form of 1,2-vinyl groups. The reaction was carried out without using volatile solvents. The radical addition of 2-sulfanylethan-1-ol on the polymer proceeded quantitatively and the products were free of the mercaptan odour. A series of functionalized polybutadienes were synthesized and characterized by their physical and chemical properties. The differential scanning calorimetry and thermogravimetric analysis measurements revealed that the functionalization improves the stability of the polybutadiene to thermooxidation. The obtained polymers were used for the preparation of polyurethane elastomers. The effect of the increased functionality of the polybutadiene on mechanical properties, thermal behavior and hydrolytic resistance of the elastomers was assessed.

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