scholarly journals In VivoFlow Cytometry of Circulating Tumor-Associated Exosomes

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacqueline Nolan ◽  
Mustafa Sarimollaoglu ◽  
Dmitry A. Nedosekin ◽  
Azemat Jamshidi-Parsian ◽  
Ekaterina I. Galanzha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prognostic Markers ◽  
Flow Instability ◽  
Early Cancer ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Genetically Engineered ◽  
Single Tumor Cell ◽  
Single Tumor ◽  
High Sensitivity Detection ◽  
Made In

Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) demonstrated the potential as prognostic markers of metastatic development. However, the incurable metastasis can already be developed at the time of initial diagnosis with the existing CTC assays. Alternatively, tumor-associated particles (CTPs) including exosomes can be a more valuable prognostic marker because they can be released from the primary tumor long before CTCs and in larger amount. However, little progress has been made in high sensitivity detection of CTPs, especiallyin vivo. We show here thatin vivointegrated photoacoustic (PA) and fluorescence flow cytometry (PAFFC) platform can provide the detection of melanoma and breast-cancer-associated single CTPs with endogenously expressed melanin and genetically engineered proteins or exogenous dyes as PA and fluorescent contrast agents. The two-beam, time-of-light PAFFC can measure the sizes of CTCs and CTPs and identify bulk and rolling CTCs and CTC clusters, with no influence on blood flow instability. This technique revealed a higher concentration of CTPs than CTCs at an early cancer stage. Because a single tumor cell can release many CTPs andin vivoPAFFC can examine the whole blood volume, PAFFC diagnostic platform has the potential to dramatically improve (up to 105-fold) the sensitivity of cancer diagnosis.

scholarly journals High sensitivity detection of cancer in vivo using a dual-controlled activation fluorescent imaging probe based on H-dimer formation and pH activation

2010 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 888 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mikako Ogawa ◽  
Nobuyuki Kosaka ◽  
Celeste A. S. Regino ◽  
Makoto Mitsunaga ◽  
Peter L. Choyke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Fluorescent Imaging ◽  
Dimer Formation ◽  
Imaging Probe ◽  
High Sensitivity Detection ◽  
Sensitivity Detection

High Sensitivity Detection of Tumor Cells in Biological Samples using Multivalent Aptamer Strand Displacement Strategy

The Analyst ◽  
2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jieru Xu ◽  
Jiahui Xiang ◽  
Jialing Chen ◽  
Tao Wan ◽  
Hongli Deng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Surface ◽  
Tumor Cells ◽  
Cancer Diagnosis ◽  
Biological Samples ◽  
Cell Membranes ◽  
Early Cancer ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Strand Displacement ◽  
Early Cancer Diagnosis ◽  
High Sensitivity Detection

Monitoring the cell surface-expressed nucleolin facilitates early cancer diagnosis. Herein, we developed multivalent aptamer displacement strand duplex strategy on the cell membranes utilizing a multi-receptor co-recognition design for improving sensitivity...

scholarly journals Errata: High-sensitivity detection of breast tumors in vivo by use of a pH-sensitive near-infrared fluorescence probe

2013 ◽  
Vol 18 (8) ◽  
pp. 089801
Author(s):  
Julia Eva Mathejczyk ◽  
Jutta Pauli ◽  
Christian Dullin ◽  
Ute Resch-Genger ◽  
Frauke Alves ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Near Infrared ◽  
Fluorescence Probe ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Breast Tumors ◽  
Ph Sensitive ◽  
Near Infrared Fluorescence ◽  
High Sensitivity Detection ◽  
Sensitivity Detection

High-sensitivity detection of gold labels by high-angle dark-field STEM imaging

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 892-893 ◽  
Author(s):  
Max T. Otten
Keyword(s):  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Dark Field ◽  
Bright Field ◽  
Backscattered Electron Imaging ◽  
Backscattered Electrons ◽  
Average Atomic Number ◽  
Highly Sensitive ◽  
Backscattered Electron ◽  
Electron Imaging ◽  
High Sensitivity Detection

Labelling of antibodies with small gold probes is a highly sensitive technique for detecting specific molecules in biological tissue. Larger gold probes are usually well visible in TEM or STEM Bright-Field images of unstained specimens. In stained specimens, however, the contrast of the stain is frequently the same as that of the gold labels, making it virtually impossible to identify the labels, especially when smaller gold labels are used to increase the sensitivity of the immunolabelling technique. TEM or STEM Dark-Field images fare no better (Figs. 1a and 2a), again because of the absence of a clear contrast difference between gold labels and stain.Potentially much more useful is backscattered-electron imaging, since this will show differences in average atomic number which are sufficiently large between the metallic gold and the stains normally used. However, for the thin specimens and at high accelerating voltages of the STEM, the yield of backscattered electrons is very small, resulting in a very weak signal. Consequently, the backscattered-electron signal is often too noisy for detecting small labels, even for large spot sizes.

scholarly journals Ultra-strong bio-glue from genetically engineered polypeptides

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chao Ma ◽  
Jing Sun ◽  
Bo Li ◽  
Yang Feng ◽  
Yao Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Covalent Bond ◽  
Genetically Engineered ◽  
Supramolecular Interactions ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
High Adhesion ◽  
Strong Adhesion ◽  
Order Of Magnitude

AbstractThe development of biomedical glues is an important, yet challenging task as seemingly mutually exclusive properties need to be combined in one material, i.e. strong adhesion and adaption to remodeling processes in healing tissue. Here, we report a biocompatible and biodegradable protein-based adhesive with high adhesion strengths. The maximum strength reaches 16.5 ± 2.2 MPa on hard substrates, which is comparable to that of commercial cyanoacrylate superglue and higher than other protein-based adhesives by at least one order of magnitude. Moreover, the strong adhesion on soft tissues qualifies the adhesive as biomedical glue outperforming some commercial products. Robust mechanical properties are realized without covalent bond formation during the adhesion process. A complex consisting of cationic supercharged polypeptides and anionic aromatic surfactants with lysine to surfactant molar ratio of 1:0.9 is driven by multiple supramolecular interactions enabling such strong adhesion. We demonstrate the glue’s robust performance in vitro and in vivo for cosmetic and hemostasis applications and accelerated wound healing by comparison to surgical wound closures.

scholarly journals Persistent luminescence nanoparticles for cancer theranostics application

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nian Liu ◽  
Xiao Chen ◽  
Xia Sun ◽  
Xiaolian Sun ◽  
Junpeng Shi
Keyword(s):  
Uv Light ◽  
Combined Therapy ◽  
Tumor Therapy ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Persistent Luminescence ◽  
Therapeutic Drugs ◽  
High Penetration ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Cancer Theranostics

AbstractPersistent luminescence nanoparticles (PLNPs) are unique optical materials that emit afterglow luminescence after ceasing excitation. They exhibit unexpected advantages for in vivo optical imaging of tumors, such as autofluorescence-free, high sensitivity, high penetration depth, and multiple excitation sources (UV light, LED, NIR laser, X-ray, and radiopharmaceuticals). Besides, by incorporating other functional molecules, such as photosensitizers, photothermal agents, or therapeutic drugs, PLNPs are also widely used in persistent luminescence (PersL) imaging-guided tumor therapy. In this review, we first summarize the recent developments in the synthesis and surface functionalization of PLNPs, as well as their toxicity studies. We then discuss the in vivo PersL imaging and multimodal imaging from different excitation sources. Furthermore, we highlight PLNPs-based cancer theranostics applications, such as fluorescence-guided surgery, photothermal therapy, photodynamic therapy, drug/gene delivery and combined therapy. Finally, future prospects and challenges of PLNPs in the research of translational medicine are also discussed.

scholarly journals Ubiquitylome Analysis Reveals a Central Role for the Ubiquitin-Proteasome System in Plant Innate Immunity

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiyu Ma ◽  
Chao Zhang ◽  
Do Young Kim ◽  
Yanyan Huang ◽  
Elizabeth Chatt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Immunity ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Ubiquitin Proteasome System ◽  
Immune Recognition ◽  
Atpase Subunit ◽  
Ample Evidence ◽  
Network Analyses ◽  
Affinity Enrichment ◽  
Regulatory Loop

Abstract Protein ubiquitylation profoundly expands proteome functionality and diversifies cellular signaling processes, with recent studies providing ample evidence for its importance to plant immunity. To gain a proteome-wide appreciation of ubiquitylome dynamics during immune recognition, we employed a two-step affinity enrichment protocol based on a 6His-tagged ubiquitin (Ub) variant coupled with high sensitivity mass spectrometry to identify Arabidopsis proteins rapidly ubiquitylated upon plant perception of the microbe-associated molecular pattern (MAMP) peptide flg22. The catalog from 2-week-old seedlings treated for 30 minutes with flg22 contained 690 conjugates, 64 Ub footprints, and all seven types of Ub linkages, and included previously uncharacterized conjugates of immune components. In vivo ubiquitylation assays confirmed modification of several candidates upon immune elicitation, and revealed distinct modification patterns and dynamics for key immune components, including poly- and monoubiquitylation, as well as induced or reduced levels of ubiquitylation. Gene ontology and network analyses of the collection also uncovered rapid modification of the Ub-proteasome system itself, suggesting a critical auto-regulatory loop necessary for an effective MAMP-triggered immune response and subsequent disease resistance. Included targets were UBIQUITIN-CONJUGATING ENZYME 13 (UBC13) and proteasome component REGULATORY PARTICLE NON-ATPASE SUBUNIT 8b (RPN8b), whose subsequent biochemical and genetic analyses implied negative roles in immune elicitation. Collectively, our proteomic analyses further strengthened the connection between ubiquitylation and flg22-based immune signaling, identified components and pathways regulating plant immunity, and increased the database of ubiquitylated substrates in plants.

scholarly journals Whither Magnetic Hyperthermia? A Tentative Roadmap

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 706
Author(s):  
Irene Rubia-Rodríguez ◽  
Antonio Santana-Otero ◽  
Simo Spassov ◽  
Etelka Tombácz ◽  
Christer Johansson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Nanoparticle Synthesis ◽  
Careful Analysis ◽  
Magnetic Hyperthermia ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
In Vivo Testing ◽  
Evolution Of Science ◽  
Made In ◽  
Critical Aspects

The scientific community has made great efforts in advancing magnetic hyperthermia for the last two decades after going through a sizeable research lapse from its establishment. All the progress made in various topics ranging from nanoparticle synthesis to biocompatibilization and in vivo testing have been seeking to push the forefront towards some new clinical trials. As many, they did not go at the expected pace. Today, fruitful international cooperation and the wisdom gain after a careful analysis of the lessons learned from seminal clinical trials allow us to have a future with better guarantees for a more definitive takeoff of this genuine nanotherapy against cancer. Deliberately giving prominence to a number of critical aspects, this opinion review offers a blend of state-of-the-art hints and glimpses into the future of the therapy, considering the expected evolution of science and technology behind magnetic hyperthermia.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document