scholarly journals Psychosocial Predictors of Weight Loss among American Indian and Alaska Native Participants in a Diabetes Prevention Translational Project

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward J. Dill ◽  
Spero M. Manson ◽  
Luohua Jiang ◽  
Katherine A. Pratte ◽  
Margaret J. Gutilla ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Family Support ◽  
Psychosocial Factors ◽  
American Indians ◽  
Alaska Native ◽  
Diabetes Prevention ◽  
Coping Skills ◽  
Trauma Exposure ◽  
Baseline Weight

The association of psychosocial factors (psychological distress, coping skills, family support, trauma exposure, and spirituality) with initial weight and weight loss among American Indians and Alaska Natives (AI/ANs) in a diabetes prevention translational project was investigated. Participants(n=3,135)were confirmed as prediabetic and subsequently enrolled in the Special Diabetes Program for Indians Diabetes Prevention (SDPI-DP) demonstration project implemented at 36 Indian health care programs. Measures were obtained at baseline and after completing a 16-session educational curriculum focusing on weight loss through behavioral changes. At baseline, psychological distress and negative family support were linked to greater weight, whereas cultural spirituality was correlated with lower weight. Furthermore, psychological distress and negative family support predicted less weight loss, and positive family support predicted greater weight loss, over the course of the intervention. These bivariate relationships between psychosocial factors and weight remained statistically significant within a multivariate model, after controlling for sociodemographic characteristics. Conversely, coping skills and trauma exposure were not significantly associated with baseline weight or change in weight. These findings demonstrate the influence of psychosocial factors on weight loss in AI/AN communities and have substantial implications for incorporating adjunctive intervention components.

scholarly journals Native American Diabetes Prevention Intervention Programs

2016 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-36
Author(s):  
Yue Dong ◽  
Maria Collado ◽  
Paul Branscum
Keyword(s):  
Native American ◽  
American Indian ◽  
American Indians ◽  
Alaska Native ◽  
Diabetes Prevention ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Target Population ◽  
Intervention Programs ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Female Population

Background and Purpose: Diabetes is one of the biggest health problems for the American Indian and Alaska Native communities. The purpose of this study was to review lifestyle based diabetes interventions from January 1995 to January 2015. Methods: The target population within this systematic review was adult American Indians and Alaska Natives. Four databases (Medline, Google Scholar, PsychINFO, and JSTOR) were used to find articles, of which nine articles met the inclusion criteria of being either an intervention or prevention program that reported at least one physiological or biological indicator of diabetes. Results: Among the nine articles reviewed, six articles showed significant changes of physiological indicators. Three of the studies only targeted the female population. Most of the programs lasted between 6 to 12 months. A major limitation among intervention or prevention programs was an inadequate use of a theoretical behavior change model. Conclusion: Overall, it was found that physical activities and diet -based methods have the potential for diabetes prevention and intervention programs among American Indian and Alaska Native populations. Recommendations for future research include using randomized controlled trial research design, and using theory to guide program development.

scholarly journals Strong Men, Strong Communities: Design of a Randomized Controlled Trial of a Diabetes Prevention Intervention for American Indian and Alaska Native Men

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 155798832094545
Author(s):  
Ka‘imi Sinclair ◽  
Cara Carty ◽  
Kelly Gonzales ◽  
Cassandra Nikolaus ◽  
Lucas Gillespie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
American Indians ◽  
Alaska Native ◽  
Diabetes Prevention ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Recruitment And Retention ◽  
Virtual Absence ◽  
Randomized Controlled

Type 2 diabetes is a serious global epidemic that disproportionately affects disadvantaged populations. American Indians and Alaska Natives (AIs/ANs) have the highest rates of diabetes in the nation with a prevalence of 14.7% in 2018, more than twice that of non-Hispanic Whites. AI/AN men have the highest prevalence of diagnosed type 2 diabetes (14.5%) compared to non-Hispanic Black (11.4%), non-Hispanic Asian (10.0%), and non-Hispanic White (8.6%) men. Several landmark clinical trials have shown that lifestyle interventions can effectively prevent or delay the onset of diabetes among those at risk, including in AIs/ANs. Despite positive outcomes for AIs/ANs in these studies, very few were men. To date, there have been no concerted efforts to recruit and retain AI/AN men in interventions that promote weight loss and healthy lifestyles to prevent diabetes, and they remain underrepresented in these types of studies. This article describes the design and methods of the first randomized controlled trial of a diabetes prevention program with a study sample comprised entirely of AI/AN men. Research to date has demonstrated suboptimal patterns of recruitment and retention of AI/AN men, resulting in their virtual absence in health and intervention research. Effective methods to recruit and retain AI/AN men, and potential benefit gained from participation in diabetes prevention research, are unknown for this population who experience a high prevalence of type 2 diabetes. The study design presented in this article offers promising insights to help remedy these important shortcomings in the science of recruitment and retention of AI/AN men in research.

scholarly journals All in the Family: Child and Adolescent Weight Loss Surgery in the Context of Parental Weight Loss Surgery

Children ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 990
Author(s):  
Eleanor R. Mackey ◽  
Megan M. York ◽  
Evan P. Nadler
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Bariatric Surgery ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Family Support ◽  
Psychosocial Factors ◽  
Emotional Eating ◽  
Weight Loss Surgery ◽  
Food Addiction ◽  
Post Surgery

Background: Bariatric surgery is the most effective current treatment option for patients with severe obesity. More children and adolescents are having surgery, many whose parents have also had surgery. The current study examines whether parental surgery status moderates the association between perceived social support, emotional eating, food addiction and weight loss following surgery, with those whose parents have had surgery evidencing a stronger relationship between the psychosocial factors and weight loss as compared to their peers. Methods: Participants were 228 children and adolescents undergoing sleeve gastrectomy between 2014 and 2019 at one institution. Children and adolescents completed self-report measures of perceived family social support, emotional eating, and food addiction at their pre-surgical psychological evaluation. Change in body mass index (BMI) from pre-surgery to 3, 6, and 12 months post-surgery was assessed at follow-up clinic visits. Parents reported their surgical status as having had surgery or not. Results: There were no differences in perceived family support, emotional eating, or food addiction symptoms between those whose parents had bariatric surgery and those whose parents did not. There were some moderating effects of parent surgery status on the relationship between social support, emotional eating/food addiction, and weight loss following surgery. Specifically, at 3 months post-surgery, higher change in BMI was associated with lower perceived family support only in those whose parents had not had surgery. More pre-surgical food addiction symptoms were associated with greater weight loss at 3 months for those whose parents had not had surgery, whereas this finding was true only for those whose parents had surgery at 12 months post-surgery. Conclusions: Children and adolescents whose parents have had bariatric surgery may have unique associations of psychosocial factors and weight loss. More research is needed to determine mechanisms of these relationships.

scholarly journals Social Support and Weight Outcomes Over A Six-Month Weight Loss Intervention for Rural Older Adults

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 923-923
Author(s):  
Anna Kahkoska ◽  
Curtis Petersen ◽  
David Lynch ◽  
Hillary Spangler ◽  
Karen Fortuna ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Family Support ◽  
Hierarchical Cluster ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Weight Outcomes ◽  
Baseline Weight ◽  
Clinically Significant ◽  
Rural Older Adults

Abstract Rural older adults aged ≥65 years with obesity (body mass index (BMI) ≥30 kg/m2) showed an overall favorable response to a six-month, technology-based weight-management intervention. Our objective was to characterize how friends or family support for eating and exercise behaviors at baseline was associated with baseline weight and intervention response. We analyzed data from six subscales of the Social Support and Exercise Survey from 44 participants. Six-month weight change (≥5% of baseline) was considered clinically-significant. For each subscale, continuous and categorial outcomes were modeled with linear and logistic regression models, respectively, adjusted for sex and age. Crude associations of social support clusters, generated in an exploratory hierarchical cluster analysis, and weight outcomes were evaluated. The sample was 73.2 ± 3.9 years, 73% female, with mean baseline weight 97.8±16.3 kg and BMI 36.5±5.2 m/kg2. Family encouragement for healthy eating was negatively associated with baseline weight (β=-0.53, p=0.046). Social support scores were not associated with either six-month weight loss outcome (p>0.10). Two exploratory clusters were found: Cluster 1 (C1) (n=34) and Cluster 2 (C2) (n=9). C2 had higher mean social encouragement and discouragement, with lower mean baseline weight (90.0±11.7 vs 99.8±16.8kg C1; p=0.10). Weight loss was comparable (C1 4.6±3.7 versus C2 4.8±2.6kg; p=0.89), with no differences in clinically-significant weight loss (C1 45% versus C2 67%; p=0.46). These pilot data suggest that family member social support may act as collaterals to support clinical outcomes in the community. Evaluating different types within family support may elucidate associations with physiological outcomes in larger samples.

Translating the diabetes prevention program into a hospital-based weight loss program.

2008 ◽  
Vol 27 (1, Suppl) ◽  
pp. S91-S98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sherry L. Pagoto ◽  
Lyle Kantor ◽  
Jamie S. Bodenlos ◽  
Mitchell Gitkind ◽  
Yunsheng Ma
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Prevention Program ◽  
Diabetes Prevention ◽  
Diabetes Prevention Program ◽  
Weight Loss Program
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