scholarly journals Juvenile Myoclonic Epilepsy in Rural Western India: Not Yet a Benign Syndrome

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Devangi Desai ◽  
Soaham Desai ◽  
Trilok Jani
Keyword(s):  
Antiepileptic Drug ◽  
Juvenile Myoclonic Epilepsy ◽  
Myoclonic Epilepsy ◽  
Physician Training ◽  
Western India ◽  
Medicine Use ◽  
Patient Awareness ◽  
Primary Physician ◽  
History Of ◽  
Patients With Epilepsy

Purpose. To study prevalence of uncontrolled seizures in patients with juvenile myoclonic epilepsy [JME] and assess factors responsible for it. Methods. An ambispective study of all patients with JME attending our epilepsy clinic was done. We recruited all patients with JME evaluated between 1 January 2009 and 31 December 2013 and followed them up to 31 December 2015. Results. Amongst 876 patients with epilepsy, JME was present in 73 patients. Amongst them, 53 [72.6%] had uncontrolled seizures prior to neurology consultation. Factors responsible for uncontrolled seizures included pitfalls in diagnosis like absence of prior neurology consultation missed history of myoclonus in prior consults and pitfalls in interpretation of EEG. Pitfalls in management were incorrect antiepileptic drug use, underdosing of AED, noncompliance with lifestyle, noncompliance with medicines, associated psychogenic nonepileptiform events, patients deliberately missing medicines for secondary gain, and concomitant alternative medicine use. 45 (84.9%) patients had “pseudorefractoriness.” True refractoriness [seizures despite 2 correctly dosed rational drugs] was seen in 8 (15.1%) patients only. Conclusion. Three-fourth of our patients had uncontrolled seizures initially, predominantly due to pitfalls in its diagnosis and management. Improving patient awareness and primary physician training for JME management is the need of the hour.

Does Valproic Acid/Na Valproate Suppress Auditory Startle Reflex in Patients With Epilepsy?

2017 ◽  
Vol 49 (6) ◽  
pp. 407-413
Author(s):  
Meral E. Kızıltan ◽  
Leyla Köse Leba ◽  
Ayşegül Gündüz ◽  
Nevin Pazarcı ◽  
Çiğdem Özkara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Valproic Acid ◽  
Startle Response ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Juvenile Myoclonic Epilepsy ◽  
Myoclonic Epilepsy ◽  
Lower Probability ◽  
Somatosensory Stimulation ◽  
Dopaminergic Transmission ◽  
Auditory Startle Response ◽  
Patients With Epilepsy

Background and Objective. Auditory startle response (ASR) was normal in juvenile myoclonic epilepsy whereas it was suppressed in progressive myoclonic epilepsy. However, both groups were using valproic acid/Na valproate (VPA) in different doses. Therefore, we aimed to analyze whether VPA has an impact on ASR in a cohort of epilepsy. For this purpose, we included patients with epilepsy and analyzed ASR in patients who were using VPA. Patients and Method. We included 51 consecutive patients who had epilepsy and were using VPA between January 2014 and January 2016. Two control groups of 37 epilepsy patients using other antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) and of 25 healthy subjects were also constituted. All participants underwent investigations of ASR and startle response to somatosensory inputs (SSS) under similar conditions. Results. An analysis of patients using VPA, not using VPA and healthy subjects revealed significantly longer latency and lower probability of orbicularis oculi (O.oc) and sternocleidomastoid responses after auditory stimulation, decreased total ASR probability and longer latency of O.oc response after somatosensory stimulation in patient groups compared with healthy subjects. Multivariate analysis showed type of AED had a role in the generation of abnormalities. VPA, carbamazepine, and multiple AED use caused suppression of ASR. Total ASR probability was decreased or O.oc latency got longer with longer duration of VPA use whereas serum VPA level at the time of investigation did not correlate with total ASR probability. Discussion. Both ASR and SSS are suppressed by the effect of VPA, especially in patients using for a long period and in patients using other AEDs with VPA. Given the fact that VPA leads to long-standing synaptic changes of dopaminergic transmission, abnormalities of this network may be the more likely cause.

Antiepileptic drug withdrawal in juvenile myoclonic epilepsy

2018 ◽  
Vol 139 (2) ◽  
pp. 192-198 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marte Syvertsen ◽  
Ida Fløgstad ◽  
Ulla Enger ◽  
Cecilie Johannessen Landmark ◽  
Jeanette Koht
Keyword(s):  
Antiepileptic Drug ◽  
Drug Withdrawal ◽  
Juvenile Myoclonic Epilepsy ◽  
Myoclonic Epilepsy ◽  
Antiepileptic Drug Withdrawal

Evolving Antiepileptic Drug Treatment in Juvenile Myoclonic Epilepsy

2004 ◽  
Vol 61 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
R. A. Grunewald ◽  
J. Salas-Puig ◽  
P. Genton ◽  
C. P. Panayiotopoulos
Keyword(s):  
Drug Treatment ◽  
Antiepileptic Drug ◽  
Juvenile Myoclonic Epilepsy ◽  
Myoclonic Epilepsy ◽  
Antiepileptic Drug Treatment

Evolving Antiepileptic Drug Treatment in Juvenile Myoclonic Epilepsy—Reply

2004 ◽  
Vol 61 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Prasad ◽  
R. I. Kuzniecky ◽  
R. C. Knowlton ◽  
T. E. Welty ◽  
R. C. Martin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Treatment ◽  
Antiepileptic Drug ◽  
Juvenile Myoclonic Epilepsy ◽  
Myoclonic Epilepsy ◽  
Antiepileptic Drug Treatment

scholarly journals Epileptiform Asymetries and Treatment Response in Juvenile Myoclonic Epilepsy

2010 ◽  
Vol 37 (6) ◽  
pp. 826-830 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karine Létourneau ◽  
Cécile Cieuta-Walti ◽  
Charles Deacon
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Juvenile Myoclonic Epilepsy ◽  
Partial Epilepsy ◽  
Myoclonic Epilepsy ◽  
Response To Treatment ◽  
Anti Epileptic Drug ◽  
Eeg Data ◽  
History Of ◽  
Resistant Group ◽  
Electroencephalogram Eeg

AbstractBackground:Epileptiform electroencephalogram (EEG) asymmetries are not uncommon in juvenile myoclonic epilepsy (JME) and can contribute to the misdiagnosis of this syndrome. The objective of this study is to further characterize patients with focal or asymmetric epileptiform electroencephalographic abnormalities and more specifically in terms of response to treatment. Controversial data exists in the literature concerning this issue.Methods:We retrospectively reviewed clinical and EEG data of a group of consecutive JME patients followed at our Epilepsy Service. The first EEG available for each patient was reviewed blindly by two independent electroencephalographers.Results:Twenty-eight patients with JME were identified: 11 (39.3%) were resistant to at least one appropriate anti-epileptic drug (AED), including valproate, lamotrigine, topiramate or levetiracetam. All patients except two had generalized epileptiform abnormalities. Overall, EEG asymmetries were detected in 57.1% of the cases. The proportion of EEG asymmetries between AED-sensitive group (52.9%) and AED-resistant group (63.5%) did not reach statistical significance. Concordance between examiners for identification of EEG asymmetries was good. Analysis of patients with and without asymmetries showed no statistically significant differences in comparisons of age, family history of seizure, presence of polyspike and slow wave, photosensitivity and timing of EEG related to the onset of treatment.Conclusion:Asymmetric electroencephalographic abnormalities are frequent in patients with JME. These features should not be misinterpreted as being indicative of partial epilepsy. In our group, asymmetries were not associated with resistance to treatment.

scholarly journals Evolving Antiepileptic Drug Treatment in Juvenile Myoclonic Epilepsy

2003 ◽  
Vol 60 (8) ◽  
pp. 1100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Avinash Prasad ◽  
Ruben I. Kuzniecky ◽  
Robert C. Knowlton ◽  
Tim E. Welty ◽  
Roy C. Martin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Treatment ◽  
Antiepileptic Drug ◽  
Juvenile Myoclonic Epilepsy ◽  
Myoclonic Epilepsy ◽  
Antiepileptic Drug Treatment

The history of juvenile myoclonic epilepsy

2013 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. S2-S7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pierre Genton ◽  
Philippe Gelisse
Keyword(s):  
Juvenile Myoclonic Epilepsy ◽  
Myoclonic Epilepsy ◽  
History Of
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