scholarly journals High MMP-9 Expression May Contribute to Retroprosthetic Membrane Formation after KPro Implantation in Rabbit Corneal Alkali Burn Model

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Minghong Gao ◽  
Wei Sang ◽  
Fuying Liu ◽  
Hai Yu ◽  
Runhai Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Humor ◽  
Fibrous Tissue ◽  
Immunohistochemical Analysis ◽  
Inflammatory Cells ◽  
Ultrastructural Examination ◽  
Rabbit Cornea ◽  
Alkali Burn ◽  
Pathophysiological Role ◽  
Retroprosthetic Membrane

Purpose. To evaluate aqueous humor MMP-9 levels in alkali-burned rabbit cornea following KPr implantation and their roles in RPMs formation.Methods. Left eyes of 36 rabbits received a deep corneal alkali wound. 12 corneas were implanted with KPro and the other 24 control corneas were either penetrating keratoplasty or left without keratoplasty. Aqueous humor MMP-9 and TIMP-1 levels were determined and RPMs were obtained for histopathological and ultrastructural examination.Results. Alkali exposure induced significant increase in aqueous humor MMP-9 level and the data were further enhanced by KPro implantation. By contrast, TMIP-1 levels in aqueous humor showed a decreased trend following corneal alkali burn and KPro surgery. RPMs were developed in 5 out of 10 cases of KPro successfully implanted eyes. Histopathology showed the presence of a large number of fibroblasts and collagen fibers arranged irregularly with inflammatory cells infiltration, and an ingrowth of new blood vessels in this retrokeratoprosthesis fibrous tissue. Immunohistochemical analysis showed positive stain of RPMs for both MMP-9 and TIMP-1. Aqueous humor MMP-9 levels were significantly higher in RPM group postoperatively, while TIMP-1 levels were comparatively lower than that of No-RPM group.Conclusions. Our study evidenced the potential pathophysiological role of MMP-9 expression in RPM formation following KPro implantation.

scholarly journals Effects of CX3CL1 inhibition on murine bleomycin-induced interstitial pneumonia

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
pp. 205873922095990
Author(s):  
Soichi Yamada ◽  
Shion Miyoshi ◽  
Junko Nishio ◽  
Satoshi Mizutani ◽  
Zento Yamada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Interstitial Pneumonia ◽  
T Cell Activation ◽  
Lung Tissue ◽  
Cell Activation ◽  
Immunohistochemical Analysis ◽  
Inflammatory Cells ◽  
Lavage Fluid ◽  
Novel Therapy ◽  
Tissue Sections

Background: Treatment for interstitial pneumonia (IP) associated with collagen diseases has not been established. There is a need to elucidate the pathogenesis of IP and develop a novel therapy. We aimed to clarify the role of chemokine (C-X3-C motif) ligand 1 (CX3CL1, also known as fractalkine) in IP. Methods: Bleomycin (BLM) was intratracheally administered to C57BL/6 mice to induce IP. For treatment with control Ab or anti-CX3CL1 mAb, the mice were administered either Ab three times per week for 2 weeks from the day of BLM administration until euthanasia. Expressions of CX3CL1 and its unique receptor CX3CR1 in the lung tissue were examined by immunohistochemical analysis. Cellular infiltration and lung fibrosis were evaluated based on hematoxylin-eosin-staining and Sirius red staining of the lung tissue sections, respectively. Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) cells were analyzed by flow cytometry. Results: CX3CL1 and CX3CR1 were strongly expressed in the lung tissue from mice with BLM-induced IP (BLM-IP). Treatment with anti-CX3CL1 mAb did not significantly alter inflammatory cell infiltration or fibrosis in the lung tissue. However, the number of M1-like macrophages in BALF was decreased and surface CD3 expression on T cells was increased by anti-CX3CL1 mAb treatment. Conclusions: Inhibition of CX3CL1 decreased inflammatory cells and may attenuate T cell activation in BALF. CX3CL1 inhibitor may have the potential to suppress the infiltration and activation of immune cells in IP.

scholarly journals The Role of Periostin in Capsule Formation on Silicone Implants

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hahn-Sol Bae ◽  
Hye-Youn Son ◽  
Jung Pyo Lee ◽  
Hak Chang ◽  
Ji-Ung Park
Keyword(s):  
Collagen Type ◽  
Capsular Contracture ◽  
Fibrous Tissue ◽  
Immunohistochemical Analysis ◽  
Inflammatory Cells ◽  
Collagen Type I ◽  
Silicone Implants ◽  
Type I ◽  
Capsule Formation

Although silicone implants are widely used in breast and other reconstructive surgeries, the limited biocompatibility of these materials leads to severe complications, including capsular contracture. Here, we aimed to clarify the relationship between periostin and the process of capsule formation after in vivo implantation. Seven-week-old wild-type (WT) C57BL/6 mice and periostin-deficient mice were used. Round silicone implants were inserted into a subcutaneous pocket on the dorsum of the mice. After 8 weeks, the fibrous capsule around the implant was harvested and histologically examined to estimate capsular thickness and the number of inflammatory cells. Additionally, immunohistochemical analysis (periostin, α-SMA, and collagen type I) and western blotting (CTGF, TGF-β, VEGF, and MPO) were performed for a more detailed analysis of capsule formation. The capsules in periostin-knockout mice (PN-KO) were significantly thinner than those in WT mice. PN-KO mice showed significantly lower numbers of inflammatory cells than WT mice. Fibrous tissue formation markers (α-SMA, periostin, collagen type I, and CTGF) were significantly reduced in PN-KO mice. We also confirmed that inflammatory reaction and angiogenesis indicators (TGF-β, MPO, and VEGF) had lower expression in PN-KO mice. Inhibition of periostin could be important for suppressing capsule formation on silicone implants after in vivo implantation.

scholarly journals Immunohistochemical Analysis of IL-6, IL-8/CXCR2 Axis, Tyrp-STAT-3, and SOCS-3 in Lymph Nodes from Patients with Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia: Correlation between Microvascular Characteristics and Prognostic Significance

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Georgia Levidou ◽  
Sotirios Sachanas ◽  
Gerassimos A. Pangalis ◽  
Christina Kalpadakis ◽  
Xanthi Yiakoumis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Prognostic Significance ◽  
Immunohistochemical Analysis ◽  
Clinicopathological Characteristics ◽  
Lymphocytic Leukemia ◽  
Favorable Effect ◽  
Pathophysiological Role ◽  
Binet Stage ◽  
Insight Into

A number of studies have looked into the pathophysiological role of angiogenesis in CLL, but the results have often been inconsistent. We aimed to gain direct insight into the angiogenic process in lymph nodes involved by CLL, focusing on proangiogenic cytokines and microvessel morphometry. The tissue levels of VEGF, Th-2 cytokines IL-6 and IL-8, IL-8 receptor CXCR2, and tyrosine p-STAT-3/SOCS-3 axis modulating cytokine expression were evaluated immunohistochemically in 62 CLL/SLL cases. Microvascular characteristics were evaluated by image analysis. Results were analyzed with regard to clinicopathological characteristics. Proliferation centers (PCs) were less well vascularised compared to non-PC areas. IL-8 and CXCR2 expression was distinctly uncommon as opposed to IL-6, VEGF and SOCS-3, which were detected in the vast majority of cases. The latter two molecule expressions were more pronounced in the PCs in∼40% of the cases. p-STAT-3 immunoreactivity was recorded in 66.67% of the cases with a predilection for PCs. Microvessel morphometry was unrelated to proangiogenic cytokines, p-STAT-3, SOCS-3, or survival. Microvascular caliber and VEGF expression were higher in Binet stage A, whereasIL-6 expression was higher in stage C. VEGF and p-STAT-3 exerted a favorable effect on progression, which remained significant in multivariate analysis, thereby constituting potential outcome predictors in CLL patients.

STEROID RECEPTOR PHENOTYPE, EXPRESSION OF HER-2/NEU, PD-1, PD-L1 AND LYMPHOCYTIC-MACROPHAGAL INFILTRATION OF ENDOMETRIAL CARCINOMAS: COMPARISON OF MODERN MOLECULAR BIOLOGICAL TYPES OF THE DISEASE (THE ROLE OF BODY MASS INDEX)

2020 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-78
Author(s):  
Lev Bershteyn ◽  
Aleksandr Ivantsov ◽  
Aglaya Ievleva ◽  
A. Venina ◽  
I. Berlev
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Tumor Tissue ◽  
Immunohistochemical Analysis ◽  
The Body ◽  
Molecular Profile ◽  
Total N ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Her 2

The aim of this study was to evaluate steroid receptors’ status of tumor tissue in different molecular biological types of endometrial cancer (EC), subdivided according to the current classification, and their colonization by lymphocytic and macrophage cells, taking into account body mass index of the patients. Materials and methods: Material from treatment-naive patients with EC (total n = 229) was included; the number of sick persons varied depending on the method used. The average age of patients was close to 60 years, and about 90% of them were postmenopausal. It was possible to divide the results of the work into two main subgroups: a) depending on the molecular biological type of the tumor (determined on the basis of genetic and immunohistochemical analysis), and b) depending on the value of the body mass index (BMI). The latter approach was used in patients with EC type demonstrating a defective mismatch repair of the incorrectly paired nucleotides (MMR-D) and with a type without characteristic molecular profile signs (WCMP), but was not applied (due to the smaller number of patients) in EC types with a POLE gene mutation or with expression of the oncoprotein p53. According to the data obtained, when comparing various types of EC, the lowest values of Allred ER and PR scores were revealed for POLE-mutant and p53 types, while the “triple-negative” variant of the tumor (ER-, PR-, HER2/neu-) was most common in POLE-mutant (45.5% of cases) and WCMP (19.4%) types of EC. The p53+ type of EC is characterized by inclination to the higher expression of the macrophage marker CD68 and lymphocytic Foxp3, as well as mRNA of PD-1 and SALL4. In addition to the said above, for WCMP type of EC is peculiar, on the contrary, a decrease in the expression of lymphocytic markers CD8 (protein) and PD-L1 (mRNA). When assessing the role of BMI, its value of >30.0 (characteristic for obesity) was combined with an inclination to the increase of HER-2/neu expression in the case of MMR-D EC type and to the decrease of HER-2 /neu, FOXp3 and ER expression in WCMP type. Conclusions: The accumulated information (mainly describing here hormonal sensitivity of the tumor tissue and its lymphocytic-macrophage infiltration) additionally confirms our earlier expressed opinion that the differences between women with EC are determined by both the affiliation of the neoplasm to one or another molecular biological type (subdivided according to the contemporary classification), as well as by body mass value and (very likely) the associated hormonal and metabolic attributes.

Central ossifying fibroma of mandible

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. e239286
Author(s):  
Kumar Nilesh ◽  
Prashant Punde ◽  
Nitin Shivajirao Patil ◽  
Amol Gautam
Keyword(s):  
Fibrous Tissue ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Facial Asymmetry ◽  
Ossifying Fibroma ◽  
Mandible Reconstruction ◽  
Three Dimensional Printing ◽  
Osseous Lesion ◽  
Large Size ◽  
Dimensional Printing

Ossifying fibroma (OF) is a rare, benign, fibro-osseous lesion of the jawbone characterised by replacement of the normal bone with fibrous tissue. The fibrous tissue shows varying amount of calcified structures resembling bone and/or cementum. The central variant of OF is rare, and shows predilection for mandible among the jawbone. Although it is classified as fibro-osseous lesion, it clinically behaves as a benign tumour and can grow to large size, causing bony swelling and facial asymmetry. This paper reports a case of large central OF of mandible in a 40-year-old male patient. The lesion was treated by segmental resection of mandible. Reconstruction of the surgical defect was done using avascular fibula bone graft. Role of three-dimensional printing of jaw and its benefits in surgical planning and reconstruction are also highlighted.

scholarly journals Deleted in malignant brain tumor 1 is secreted in the oviduct and involved in the mechanism of fertilization in equine and porcine species

Reproduction ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 146 (2) ◽  
pp. 119-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara Ambruosi ◽  
Gianluca Accogli ◽  
Cécile Douet ◽  
Sylvie Canepa ◽  
Géraldine Pascal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brain Tumor ◽  
Western Blot ◽  
Immunohistochemical Analysis ◽  
Fertilization Rate ◽  
Malignant Brain Tumor ◽  
Estrus Cycle ◽  
Immunofluorescence Analysis ◽  
Oviductal Fluid ◽  
Porcine Spermatozoa

Oviductal environment affects preparation of gametes for fertilization, fertilization itself, and subsequent embryonic development. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of oviductal fluid and the possible involvement of deleted in malignant brain tumor 1 (DMBT1) on IVF in porcine and equine species that represent divergent IVF models. We first performed IVF after pre-incubation of oocytes with or without oviductal fluid supplemented or not with antibodies directed against DMBT1. We showed that oviductal fluid induces an increase in the monospermic fertilization rate and that this effect is canceled by the addition of antibodies, in both porcine and equine species. Moreover, pre-incubation of oocytes with recombinant DMBT1 induces an increase in the monospermic fertilization rate in the pig, confirming an involvement of DMBT1 in the fertilization process. The presence of DMBT1 in the oviduct at different stages of the estrus cycle was shown by western blot and confirmed by immunohistochemical analysis of ampulla and isthmus regions. The presence of DMBT1 in cumulus–oocyte complexes was shown by western blot analysis, and the localization of DMBT1 in the zona pellucida and cytoplasm of equine and porcine oocytes was observed using immunofluorescence analysis and confocal microscopy. Moreover, we showed an interaction between DMBT1 and porcine spermatozoa using surface plasmon resonance studies. Finally, a bioinformatic and phylogenetic analysis allowed us to identify the DMBT1 protein as well as a DMBT1-like protein in several mammals. Our results strongly suggest an important role of DMBT1 in the process of fertilization.

scholarly journals Cyclo-oxygenase 2, a putative mediator of vessel remodeling, is expressed in the brain AVM vessels and associates with inflammation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Keränen ◽  
Santeri Suutarinen ◽  
Rahul Mallick ◽  
Johanna P. Laakkonen ◽  
Diana Guo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Rank Correlation ◽  
Inflammatory Cells ◽  
Vessel Remodeling ◽  
Brain Avm ◽  
Inflammatory Drugs ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Cox2 Expression

Abstract Background Brain arteriovenous malformations (bAVM) may rupture causing disability or death. BAVM vessels are characterized by abnormally high flow that in general triggers expansive vessel remodeling mediated by cyclo-oxygenase-2 (COX2), the target of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. We investigated whether COX2 is expressed in bAVMs and whether it associates with inflammation and haemorrhage in these lesions. Methods Tissue was obtained from surgery of 139 bAVMs and 21 normal Circle of Willis samples. The samples were studied with immunohistochemistry and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Clinical data was collected from patient records. Results COX2 expression was found in 78% (109/139) of the bAVMs and localized to the vessels’ lumen or medial layer in 70% (95/135) of the bAVMs. Receptors for prostaglandin E2, a COX2-derived mediator of vascular remodeling, were found in the endothelial and smooth muscle cells and perivascular inflammatory cells of bAVMs. COX2 was expressed by infiltrating inflammatory cells and correlated with the extent of inflammation (r = .231, p = .007, Spearman rank correlation). COX2 expression did not associate with haemorrhage. Conclusion COX2 is induced in bAVMs, and possibly participates in the regulation of vessel wall remodelling and ongoing inflammation. Role of COX2 signalling in the pathobiology and clinical course of bAVMs merits further studies.

The Role of Uric Acid in the Acute Myocardial Infarction: A Narrative Review

Angiology ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 000331972110125
Author(s):  
Atalay Demiray ◽  
Baris Afsar ◽  
Adrian Covic ◽  
Masanari Kuwabara ◽  
Charles J. Ferro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Acute Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Uric Acid ◽  
Adverse Outcomes ◽  
Narrative Review ◽  
Background Information ◽  
Pathophysiological Role ◽  
Artery Disease ◽  
Pathologic Processes

Increased serum uric acid (SUA) levels have been associated with various pathologic processes such as increased oxidative stress, inflammation, and endothelial dysfunction. Thus, it is not surprising that increased SUA is associated with various adverse outcomes including cardiovascular (CV) diseases. Recent epidemiological evidence suggests that increased SUA may be related to acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Accumulating data also showed that elevated UA has pathophysiological role in the development of AMI. However, there are also studies showing that SUA is not related to the risk of AMI. In this narrative review, we summarized the recent literature data regarding SUA and AMI after providing some background information for the association between UA and coronary artery disease. Future studies will show whether decreasing SUA levels is beneficial for outcomes related to AMI and the optimum SUA levels for best outcomes in CV diseases.

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