scholarly journals The Correlation between the Energy Gap and the Pseudogap Temperature in Cuprates: The YCBCZO and LSHCO Case

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Szczȩśniak ◽  
M. W. Jarosik ◽  
A. M. Duda
Keyword(s):  
Critical Temperature ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Energy Gap ◽  
Analytical Formula ◽  
The Other ◽  
Hole Density ◽  
Zero Temperature ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Out Of Plane ◽  
Dimensionless Ratio

The paper analyzes the influence of the hole density, the out-of-plane or in-plane disorder, and the isotopic oxygen mass on the zero temperature energy gap (2Δ(0))Y1-xCaxBa2Cu1-yZny3O7-δ(YCBCZO) andLa1.96-xSrxHo0.04CuO4(LSHCO) superconductors. It has been found that the energy gap is visibly correlated with the value of the pseudogap temperature (T⋆). On the other hand, no correlation between 2Δ(0) and the critical temperature (TC) has been found. The above results mean that the value of the dimensionless ratio2Δ0/kBTCcan vary very strongly together with the chemical composition, while the parameter2Δ(0)/kBT⋆does not change significantly. In the paper, the analytical formula which binds the zero temperature energy gap and the pseudogap temperature has been also presented.

scholarly journals Note on opalescence in fluids near the critical temperature

1906 ◽  
Vol 78 (524) ◽  
pp. 262-263 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Critical Temperature ◽  
The Other ◽  
Internal Diameter ◽  
Great Width ◽  
Other Hand

The phenomenon of opalescence at and near the critical temperature has been observed by Travers and Usher under exceptionally favourable conditions, owing to the great width (8 to 10 mm. internal diameter) of the tubes they employed. The opalescence is, however, distinctly visible, and can be studied in much narrower tubes, such as those (0·15 mm. internal diameter) used in my own investigations. The experiments of Travers and Usher were carried out, for the most part, in such a manner that the total volume of the substance investigated remained constant, while the temperature rose very slowly. In my experiments, on the other hand, the substance was kept at its critical temperature, and the volume was altered (usually diminished) by equal stages. The opalescence was always seen, but notes of its position and character were only made with a few substances—isopentane and normal pentane, hexane, and octane.

scholarly journals Chemical and kinematic complexity of the very young star-forming region Serpens Main observed with ALMA

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (S332) ◽  
pp. 249-253
Author(s):  
Łukasz Tychoniec ◽  
Charles L. H. Hull ◽  
John J. Tobin ◽  
Ewine F. van Dishoeck
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Young Star ◽  
The Other ◽  
Evolutionary Effect ◽  
No Emission ◽  
Complex Molecules ◽  
Star Forming ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Low Mass ◽  
Main Region

AbstractThe youngest low-mass protostars are known to be chemically rich, accreting matter most vigorously, and producing the most powerful outflows. Molecules are unique tracers of these phenomena. We use ALMA to study several outflow sources in the Serpens Main region. The most luminous source, Ser-SMM1, shows the richest chemical composition, but some complex molecules are also present in S68N. No emission from complex organics is detected toward Ser-emb 8N, which is the least luminous in the sample. We discuss whether these differences reflect an evolutionary effect or whether they are due to different physical structures. We also analyze the outflow structure from these young protostars by comparing emission of CO and SiO. EHV molecular jets originating from SMM1-a,b and Ser-emb 8N contrast with no such activity from S68N, which on the other hand presents a complex outflow structure.

scholarly journals Evaluation of masonry buildings and mosques after Sivrice earthquake

2021 ◽  
Vol 73 (09) ◽  
pp. 881-892
Keyword(s):  
Earthquake Damage ◽  
The Other ◽  
Stone Masonry ◽  
Masonry Buildings ◽  
Design Codes ◽  
Existing Buildings ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Out Of Plane ◽  
Future Earthquake ◽  
Adequate Supervision

The evaluation of masonry and mosque type structures after the Sivrice Earthquake is presented in this study. Stone masonry buildings exhibited damage such as vertical cracks and splitting at corners, wedge shaped corner failures, diagonal cracking on walls, out-of-plane splitting of walls, and separation of walls from flooring/roofing systems. On the other hand, the separation of flags and caps of minarets was a common example of damage in mosques. Future earthquake damage can be prevented by following design codes and providing adequate supervision for new structures, while strengthening measures are recommended for the existing buildings.

scholarly journals Late Archaic and Early Classical Coins from Excavation of Phanagoria

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
М.Г. Абрамзон ◽  
А.А. Завойкин ◽  
В.Д. Кузнецов ◽  
И.А. Сапрыкина
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
The Other ◽  
Late Archaic ◽  
Public Buildings ◽  
Public Building ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Excavation Site ◽  
Different Levels

В статье впервые публикуются серебряные монеты конца 6 середины 5 в. до н.э. из раскопок Фанагории. Этот нумизматический материал имеет важное значение для уточнения датировки слоев поздней архаики ранней классики на акрополе Фанагории и открытого в них целого ряда объектов жилищ, общественных зданий, фортификационных сооружений. С другой стороны, археологический контекст находок монет позволяет корректировать хронологию некоторых типов самих монет. Для этих целей особенно важны находки монет, которые происходят из разных уровней жизни общественного здания (294), построенного во второй половине 6 в. до н.э. и с перестройками дожившего до середины 5 в. до н.э. Кроме того, большое значение имеют находки монет в слое разрушения древнейших оборонительных сооружений Фанагории (679), которые погибли ок. 480 г. до н.э. К этому же времени относится клад боспорских серебряных монет, спрятанный под стеной дома (205). В целом хронология ранних серебряных монет, найденных на раскопе Верхний город , согласуется с характеристиками этого района города в период поздней архаики ранней классики (примерно до середины 5 в. до н.э.), что позволяет, опираясь на фанагорийские материалы, четко определить рубеж, отделяющий датировки более поздних монетных типов. Публикуемая коллекция представляет собой ценный источник информации о денежном обращении ранней Фанагории, а исследование химического состава металла монет дает возможность подойти к решению вопросов об источниках серебра для ранней боспорской чеканки и атрибуции ряда выпусков. The article is the first publication of the 6th first half of the 5th century B.C. silver coins from excavations at Phanagoria. These numismatic finds are most important for the verification of the date of the Late Archaic and Early Classical layers at the acropolis of Phanagoria and a number of structures discovered there dwellings, public buildings, fortifications. On the other hand, the archaeological context of numismatic finds allows us to verify the chronology of certain types of coins. Most important in this connection are coin finds from different levels of a public building (294) erected in the second half of the 6th century B.C., which existed, after a number of reconstructions, till the middle of the 5th century B.C. There are also important coin finds from the ruined fortifications of Phanagoria (679) destroyed circa 480 B.C. A hoard of Bosporan silver coins concealed under the wall of a dwelling (205) belongs to the same period. In general, the chronology of early silver coins found in the excavation site the Upper City agrees with the features of this area in the Late Archaic and Early Classic times (approximately before 450 B.C.), which allows us to define the border dating later coin types. The collection presented here is a valuable evidence for the currency in early Phanagoria, and the study of the chemical composition of the coin alloy allows us to find out the sources of silver for the Early Bosporos coins and the attribution for a number of issues.

Effect of growth hormone and thyroxine on growth and chemical composition of muscle, bone and other tissues in thyroidectomized-hypophysectomized rats

1959 ◽  
Vol 196 (4) ◽  
pp. 859-865 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert O. Scow
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Growth Response ◽  
Pronounced Effect ◽  
The Other ◽  
Growth Hormone Administration ◽  
Hormone Administration ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Hypophysectomized Rats ◽  
Accelerated Growth

Rats were thyroidectomized-hypophysectomized at weaning and 5 weeks later treated for 36 days with either growth hormone (0.1 or 0.5 mg/day), thyroxine (2.5 µg/day), or both. Growth hormone stimulated growth of all tissues whereas thyroxine accelerated growth of only muscle and certain viscera. The growth response of some tissues to thyroxine was as pronounced as that to growth hormone. Administration of thyroxine increased the response to growth hormone of only the tissues that grew when thyroxine was given alone. Although thyroxine had no effect on the amount of bone protein in growth hormone treated and untreated rats, it had a pronounced effect on the morphology (length and maturation) of bone. The amount of collagen in muscle increased with dosage of growth hormone; thyroxine had no effect on this response. Myosin, on the other hand, increased with growth hormone dosage only in those animals also given thyroxine. Thyroxine given alone increased myosin deposition in muscle but had no effect on collagen in muscle, bone or skin.

scholarly journals Confinement Mechanism in the Field Correlator Method

2009 ◽  
Vol 2009 ◽  
pp. 1-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu. A. Simonov ◽  
V. I. Shevchenko
Keyword(s):  
Critical Temperature ◽  
Green's Function ◽  
Gluon Condensate ◽  
String Tension ◽  
The Other ◽  
Vacuum Fluctuations ◽  
Qcd Vacuum ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Self Consistent ◽  
Nonperturbative Qcd

Confinement in QCD results from special properties of vacuum fluctuations of gluon fields. There are two numerically different scales, characterizing nonperturbative QCD vacuum dynamics: “small” one, corresponding to gluon condensate, critical temperature etc, which is about 0.1–0.3 GeV, and a “large” one, given by inverse confining string width, glueball and gluelump masses, and so forth, which is about 1.5–2.5 GeV. We discuss the origin of this hierarchy in a picture where confinement is ensured by quadratic colorelectric field correlators of the special type. These correlators, on the other hand, can be calculated via gluelump Green's function, whose dynamics is defined by the correlators themselves. In this way one obtains a self-consistent scheme, where string tension can be expressed in terms ofΛQCD.

scholarly journals VI. — The Igneous Geology of the Bathgate and Linlithgow Hills. Part. II. Petrography

1906 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 133-150 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. D. Falconer
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Water Vapour ◽  
The Other ◽  
Compact Structure ◽  
Open Structure ◽  
Secondary Minerals ◽  
Fine Grained ◽  
Sedimentary Deposits ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Coal Fields

The lavas of the Bathgate and Linlithgow Hills occur, as already described, in a series of zones alternating with sedimentary deposits. So far as their field characters are concerned they may be grouped with convenience into two classes: fine-grained, columnar, basaltic types, usually porphyritic with augite and olivine, rarely with felspar, and coarser-grained, doleritic types, usually much decomposed, not evidently porphyritic or porphyritic with olivine alone. The yellow crusts of the compact lavas are minutely vesicular and pumiceous, while steam-cavities are rare in the interior. The doleritic lavas on the other hand are coarsely vesicular and amygdaloidal above and below, and frequently also throughout. The blue basaltic types are relatively very fresh; the doleritic types are frequently entirely decomposed into a whitish, earthy material, with knots of limonite, calcite, and quartz, similar in many respects to the white trap of the coal-fields. Good examples of this mode of weathering may be found in the Riccarton Burn. The differences in texture are probably to be referred not so much to differences in chemical composition as to the effect of variation in the quantity of water vapour contained in the successive flows. The coarse and open structure of the dolerites has evidently also given freer scope to the action of decomposing influences than the more compact structure of the basalts. Both types are much veined by such secondary minerals as calcite, siderite, limonite, quartz, chalcedony, and various zeolites. Frequently cavities in the veins, steam-holes in the pumiceous crusts, and even vesicles within the solid rocks, are found filled with brown viscous pitch or black lustrous asphalt. Such occurrences undoubtedly indicate that these rocks have been subjected to some slight extent to post-volcanic pneumatolytic action.

Comparison of the chemical composition of domestic common hornbeam (Carpinus betulus L.) wood and exotic yakal (Shorea astylosa Foxw.) wood

2020 ◽  
Vol 112 ◽  
pp. 5-10
Author(s):  
Dominik Sierant ◽  
Andrzej Antczak
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Endemic Species ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
The Other ◽  
Lower Content ◽  
Carpinus Betulus ◽  
Percentage Points ◽  
Other Hand

Comparison of the chemical composition of domestic common hornbeam (Carpinus betulus L.) wood and exotic yakal (Shorea astylosa Foxw.) wood. The study was carried out to compare the chemical composition of domestic hornbeam wood with exotic yakal wood, which is an endemic species occurring in the Philippines. Species of similar structural structure occurring in different areas were studied. Extractives, cellulose (including α-cellulose), holocellulose (including hemicelluloses), lignin and ash contents were analyzed. The obtained results indicated lower content of cellulose, α-cellulose, lignin, extractives and ash in hornbeam wood as compared to yakal wood. On the other hand, a much higher amount of hemicelluloses (by 12 percentage points) was found in hornbeam wood. Probably, the main reason for the differences in the chemical composition of wood were different habitat and climatic conditions, in which the studied species were growing.

scholarly journals Hot subdwarf wind models with accurate abundances

2019 ◽  
Vol 631 ◽  
pp. A75 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Krtička ◽  
J. Janík ◽  
I. Krtičková ◽  
S. Mereghetti ◽  
F. Pintore ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Mass Loss ◽  
Loss Rate ◽  
Mass Loss Rate ◽  
Chemical Separation ◽  
The Other ◽  
Strong Wind ◽  
Radiative Force ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Radiative Diffusion

Context. Hot subdwarfs are helium burning objects in late stages of their evolution. These subluminous stars can develop winds driven by light absorption in the lines of heavier elements. The wind strength depends on chemical composition which can significantly vary from star to star. Aims. We aim to understand the influence of metallicity on the strength of the winds of the hot hydrogen-rich subdwarfs HD 49798 and BD+18° 2647. Methods. We used high-resolution UV and optical spectra to derive stellar parameters and abundances using the TLUSTY and SYNSPEC codes. For derived stellar parameters, we predicted wind structure (including mass-loss rates and terminal velocities) with our METUJE code. Results. We derived effective temperature Teff = 45 900 K and mass M = 1.46 M⊙ for HD 49798 and Teff = 73 000 K and M = 0.38 M⊙ for BD+18° 2647. The derived surface abundances can be interpreted as a result of interplay between stellar evolution and diffusion. The subdwarf HD 49798 has a strong wind that does not allow for chemical separation and consequently the star shows solar chemical composition modified by hydrogen burning. On the other hand, we did not find any wind in BD+18° 2647 and its abundances are therefore most likely affected by radiative diffusion. Accurate abundances do not lead to a significant modification of wind mass-loss rate for HD 49798, because the increase of the contribution of iron and nickel to the radiative force is compensated by the decrease of the radiative force due to other elements. The resulting wind mass-loss rate Ṁ = 2.1 × 10−9 M⊙ yr−1 predicts an X-ray light curve during the eclipse which closely agrees with observations. On the other hand, the absence of the wind in BD+18° 2647 for accurate abundances is a result of its peculiar chemical composition. Conclusions. Wind models with accurate abundances provide more reliable wind parameters, but the influence of abundances on the wind parameters is limited in many cases.

Porphyrin molecular tweezers for fullerenes

2011 ◽  
Vol 15 (09n10) ◽  
pp. 951-963 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hidemitsu Uno ◽  
Mina Furukawa ◽  
Akiko Fujimoto ◽  
Hiroki Uoyama ◽  
Hajime Watanabe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Structures ◽  
Binding Affinity ◽  
Binding Constants ◽  
The Other ◽  
Bottom Part ◽  
Molecular Tweezers ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Out Of Plane ◽  
Porphyrin Synthesis ◽  
Shallow Part

Facing zinc bisporphyrins connected with diethanoanthracene and diethanonaphthacene (syn-1 and syn-2) are prepared by double [3+1] porphyrin synthesis of tripyrranedicarbaldehyde with syn-5,11-dimethoxy-4,6,10,12-tetrahydro-4,12;6,10-diethanoanthracene[2,3-c;7,8-c′]dipyrrole and syn-4,7,11,14- tetrahydro-4,14;7,11-diethanonaphthacene[2,3-c;8,9-c′]dipyrrole. These bisporphyrins contain large clefts with different sizes capable for complexation with fullerenes such as C60 and C70 . These designed syn-oriented bisporphyrins serve as effective and selective molecular tweezers for C70 . Binding affinity of the zinc bisporphyrins, namely, syn-1 and syn-2, towards C60 and C70 in solution is determined by employing UV-vis spectrophotometric technique. Values of binding constants (K) in toluene for the non-covalent complexes of syn-1 with C60 and C70 are estimated to be 3.1(4) × 104 and 5.0(2) × 105 M-1, respectively, and those of syn-2 with C60 and C70 are enumerated to be 2.1(4) × 104 and 1.70(13) × 105 M-1, respectively. Binding of C60 and C70 in the clefts of syn-1 and syn-2 is clearly demonstrated by the crystal structures of C60 /syn-1, C70 /syn-1, C60 /syn-2, and C70 /syn-2 complexes. In the crystal structures with C70 , the directions of the long axis of C70 are found to be quite different: in the case of C70 /syn-1 complex the axis lies perpendicularly to the line connecting two zinc atoms; however, for the C70 /syn-2 complex, the axis occupies in-plane to the same line. Both the clefts of syn-1 and syn-2 are induced to fit the included fullerenes by domed out-of-plane distortion of porphyrin rings. Moreover, the bicyclo[2.2.2]octadiene moieties of syn-1 are widened by complexation with the fullerenes, while the same moieties of syn-2 are narrowed by the complexation. Therefore, syn-1 catches the fullerenes at the shallow part of the cleft. On the other hand, syn-2 catches the fullerenes at the bottom part of the cleft. NMR experiments of the complexes in THF-d8 also support these orientations even in solution.

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