scholarly journals Associations between Gun Violence Exposure, Gang Associations, and Youth Aggression: Implications for Prevention and Intervention Programs

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Myriam Forster ◽  
Timothy J. Grigsby ◽  
Jennifer B. Unger ◽  
Steve Sussman
Keyword(s):  
Los Angeles ◽  
Interpersonal Violence ◽  
Violence Exposure ◽  
Skills Training ◽  
Gun Violence ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Intervention Programs ◽  
Social Self ◽  
Prevention And Intervention ◽  
The Impact

Using cross-sectional data collected from three middle schools in Southeast Los Angeles, we assessed the association of neighborhood violence exposure, gang associations, and social self-control with past week aggression in a sample of minority youth (n=164). Results from Poisson and logistic regression models showed that direct exposure to gun violence, having friends in gangs, and low social self control were all positively associated with past week aggression. Among girls, having gang affiliated family members was positively associated with aggression, whereas among boys having friends in gangs was associated with past week aggression. Subjective expectations of engagement in future interpersonal violence were associated with being male, having friends in gangs, and fear of neighborhood gun violence. We recommend that youth violence prevention and intervention programs address the impact of family, peers, and gun violence on student coping and identify students with low social self-control who could benefit from social and emotional skills training.

scholarly journals Development of an Observational Parental Scaffolding Measure for Youth with Spina Bifida

2020 ◽  
Vol 45 (6) ◽  
pp. 695-706 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adrien M Winning ◽  
Colleen Stiles-Shields ◽  
Colleen F Bechtel Driscoll ◽  
Diana M Ohanian ◽  
Autumn N Crowe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spina Bifida ◽  
Family Interaction ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Rational Approach ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Coding System ◽  
Social Self ◽  
Parental Scaffolding ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Objective To examine the reliability and validity of a new observational measure of parental scaffolding, as well as the impact of parental scaffolding on academic and social outcomes among youth with spina bifida (SB). Methods As part of a larger study, 137 families of youth with SB participated in family interaction tasks and self-report questionnaires at the baseline assessment. Teachers also reported on youth’s academic independence and competence, as well as social skills. Guided by previous research and theoretical formulations, a rational approach to measure development was employed whereby maternal and paternal scaffolding composites were created using the Family Interaction Macro-coding System (Holmbeck, Zebracki, Johnson, Belvedere, & Hommeyer (2007). Parent-child interaction macro-coding manual. Unpublished coding system. Chicago: Loyola University Chicago). Results The scaffolding measure demonstrated acceptable interrater and scale reliabilities. Additionally, both the maternal and paternal scaffolding composites were significantly associated with scores from self-report questionnaires of parenting behaviors in the expected directions. Maternal scaffolding was positively associated with IQ, academic competence, academic independence, and social self-control in youth with SB, whereas paternal scaffolding was positively associated with social cooperation and social self-control. Differences in scaffolding emerged between mothers and fathers, as well as across demographic variables. Conclusion Initial findings support the use of the scaffolding measure. Future research should continue to examine the utility of this scaffolding measure in families of youth with SB.

I’ve Had Enough: Exploring Gang Life From the Perspective of (Ex) Members in Alberta

2017 ◽  
Vol 97 (3) ◽  
pp. 364-386 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dawn Marie Chalas ◽  
Jana Grekul
Keyword(s):  
Intervention Programs ◽  
Local Context ◽  
Female Adult ◽  
Childhood Experiences ◽  
Prevention And Intervention ◽  
Frontline Workers ◽  
Gang Prevention ◽  
Semistructured Interviews ◽  
Gang Life ◽  
The Impact

Administrators and frontline workers in correctional centers and in the community search for effective gang prevention and intervention programs. To this aim, semistructured interviews with 175 male and female adult (ex) gang members in correctional centers and community corrections exploring a range of topics were conducted. Presented here is an overview of the childhood experiences of the sample, gang experiences, and prevention and intervention strategies identified as helpful by participants. Street–prison gang connections and the impact of gang desistance are explored, as is the influence of local context on the types of gangs and the implications for programming.

Early Prevention of Alcohol and other Drug Use among Adolescents

1996 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 131-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
William H. James ◽  
David D. Moore ◽  
Molly McCulley Gregersen
Keyword(s):  
Early Intervention ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
School Community ◽  
Intervention Programs ◽  
School Students ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Prevention And Intervention ◽  
The Family ◽  
Alcohol And Other Drugs ◽  
The Impact

Among a variety of methods to prevent drug use among adolescents, school-community based prevention and intervention programs are prevalent. The impact of such programs will be compromised, however, if drug use among adolescents is impacted by forces apart from the impact of school-community prevention and intervention, such as the function of the family. On the other hand, prevention and intervention programs can have a powerful impact if teenage drug use is responded to through early intervention. The purpose of this study was to review a sample of students referred for drug assessments to determine how early intervention should occur and how involved high school and middle school students are with alcohol and other drugs.

The Impact of Social Skills Training on the Self-concepts of Gifted High School Students

1997 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 179-188 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer J. Clark ◽  
David N. Dixon
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
High School Students ◽  
Social Skills ◽  
Skills Training ◽  
Self Concept ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Social Self ◽  
School Students ◽  
Post Test ◽  
The Impact

In an exploratory outcome study, the social self-concepts of four gifted high school students attending a rigorous residential program were examined as they participated in a social skills workshop. Subjects participated in a pre-test measurement of their global self-concept using the Marsh Self-Description Questionnaire III which differentiates between social self-concept and academic self-concept. The subjects then participated in a three-week social skills workshop that was patterned after the Culcross and Jenkins-Friedman (1988) model. A post-test self-concept measurement was gathered Contrary to the hypothesis, the subjects did not demonstrate an increase in their social self-concepts. Implications of this study and suggestions for future research are presented.

Reducing gun violence: Operation Ceasefire in Los Angeles

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
George E. Tita ◽  
K. Jack Riley ◽  
Greg Ridgeway ◽  
Peter W. Greenwood
Keyword(s):  
Los Angeles ◽  
Gun Violence

Test Anxiety Prevention and Intervention Programs in Schools

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leslie K. Taylor ◽  
Brandon G. Scott ◽  
Melinda F. Cannon ◽  
Carl F. Weems ◽  
Dawn M. Romano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Test Anxiety ◽  
Intervention Programs ◽  
Prevention And Intervention ◽  
Anxiety Prevention

The Doctor Faustus Dossier

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adrian Daub
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Los Angeles ◽  
Primary Source ◽  
Music And Literature ◽  
Twentieth Century Music ◽  
Private And Public ◽  
Doctor Faustus ◽  
Public Lives ◽  
Nazi Era ◽  
The Impact

Arnold Schoenberg and Thomas Mann, two towering figures of twentieth-century music and literature, both found refuge in the German-exile community in Los Angeles during the Nazi era. This complete edition of their correspondence provides a glimpse inside their private and public lives and culminates in the famous dispute over Mann's novel Doctor Faustus. In the thick of the controversy was Theodor Adorno, then a budding philosopher, whose contribution to the Faustus affair would make him an enemy of both families. Gathered here for the first time in English, the letters are complemented by diary entries, related articles, and other primary source materials, as well as an introduction that contextualizes the impact that these two great artists had on twentieth-century thought and culture.

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