scholarly journals Vitamin D: A Review on Its Effects on Muscle Strength, the Risk of Fall, and Frailty

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthieu Halfon ◽  
Olivier Phan ◽  
Daniel Teta
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Active Form ◽  
Hypovitaminosis D ◽  
Muscle Cells ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation ◽  
Risk Of Falls ◽  
Differentiation And Proliferation

Vitamin D is the main hormone of bone metabolism. However, the ubiquitary nature of vitamin D receptor (VDR) suggests potential for widespread effects, which has led to new research exploring the effects of vitamin D on a variety of tissues, especially in the skeletal muscle.In vitrostudies have shown that the active form of vitamin D, calcitriol, acts in myocytes through genomic effects involving VDR activation in the cell nucleus to drive cellular differentiation and proliferation. A putative transmembrane receptor may be responsible for nongenomic effects leading to rapid influx of calcium within muscle cells. Hypovitaminosis D is consistently associated with decrease in muscle function and performance and increase in disability. On the contrary, vitamin D supplementation has been shown to improve muscle strength and gait in different settings, especially in elderly patients. Despite some controversies in the interpretation of meta-analysis, a reduced risk of falls has been attributed to vitamin D supplementation due to direct effects on muscle cells. Finally, a low vitamin D status is consistently associated with the frail phenotype. This is why many authorities recommend vitamin D supplementation in the frail patient.

scholarly journals HYPOVITAMINOSIS D AND MENOPAUSE: STILL AN ISSUE IN 2016?

2016 ◽  
Vol 63 (3) ◽  
pp. 209-210
Author(s):  
Adina Ghemigian ◽  
◽  
Otilia Radu ◽  
Ana Valea ◽  
Nicoleta Dumitru ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Bone Loss ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Osteoporotic Fractures ◽  
Hypovitaminosis D ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Knowing That ◽  
Risk Increase ◽  
Risk Of Falls

Vitamin D in menopause is essential for skeleton and metabolic involvement. Our purpose is to introduce the level of evidence regarding menopause – related hypovitaminosis D through a brief review of papers published on PubMed in 2016. The correlation between low vitamin D and risk of falls is a traditional observation. Lack of vitamin D remains one of the major contributors to osteoporotic fractures which have an annual incidence of 8.9 million worldwide. Yale FIT trial referring to menopausal cancer survivors after 12 months of aerobic physical exercise confirmed the bone loss under aromatase inhibitors opposite to tamoxifen is significant, a bone loss that is lower if vitamin D ranges are low. Arzoxifene Generations Trial followed for 5 years menopausal women treated only with vitamin D and calcium and found a fracture risk increase by 46% for each unit of lumbar T-score that decreases. A meta-analysis of 34 studies on 11,090 patients treated with ibandronate showed that hypovitaminosis D at baseline is a predictor of bone mineral density improvement only at lumbar spine. Another study revealed that 77% of menopausal females have 25-hydoxyvitamin D (25-OH D) less than 30 ng/mL while a negative correlation between 25-OH D and waist circumference was found knowing that android fat disposition in women with hipovitaminosis D is a hallmark of metabolic syndrome. Overall, in 2016, PubMed published papers regarding vitamin D in menopause still reflect its deficiency and associated metabolic risk.

scholarly journals The Health Benefits of Vitamin D Relevant for Tuberculosis

2014 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 301-306 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vesna Škodrić-Trifunović ◽  
Ana Blanka ◽  
Mihailo I. Stjepanović ◽  
Svetlana Ignjatović ◽  
Violeta Mihailović-Vučinić ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Vitamin D Deficiency ◽  
Vitamin D Receptor ◽  
Active Form ◽  
Hypovitaminosis D ◽  
Vitamin D Receptors ◽  
Vitamin D Receptor Polymorphism ◽  
Receptor Polymorphism

Summary Vitamin D has an important role in numerous physiological functions. Vitamin D receptors are characterized by polymorphisms and presence in different tissues including a number of cells of the immune system. The role of vitamin D as a biological inhibitor of inflammatory hyperactivity is of particular importance. Hypovitaminosis D has been associated with many serious chronic diseases, such as autoimmune, infectious and cardiovascular diseases as well as some types of cancer. Vitamin D has an influence on the immune res ponse to tuberculosis. Calcitriol (1,25-dihydro xycholecalciferol), the major active form of vitamin D, has shown in vitro activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It has been found that susceptibility to chronic mycobacterial infections is strongly correlated with a low vi tamin D intake and particular VDR alleles. Vitamin D deficiency might predispose the individuals infected with Myco bacterium tuberculosis to develop tu-ber culosis. Calcitriol binds to vitamin D receptors and modulates immune responses by regulating the transcription of genes responsive to vitamin D. Faster conversion of sputum mycobacterial culture in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis is associated with being a carrier of the t allele of the T a q I vitamin D receptor polymorphism. On the contrary, slower spu tum culture conversion in pulmonary tuberculosis has been found in the carriers of the f allele of the FokI vitamin D receptor polymorphism. The results of in vitro studies, clini-cal research and population studies indicated that vitamin D deficiency might be a strong risk factor for developing TB. Vitamin D is an inexpensive, easily accessible vitamin, relevant for the prevention of tuberculosis. In addition, vitamin D could contribute to the success of tuberculosis treatment.

scholarly journals Hypovitaminosis D is Associated with Psoriasis: A Systematic Review and Meta- Analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 103-108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siwadon Pitukweerakul ◽  
Subhanudh Thavaraputta ◽  
Sittichoke Prachuapthunyachart ◽  
Rudruidee Karnchanasorn
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Hypovitaminosis D ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation ◽  
P Value ◽  
Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
Central Register ◽  
Study Heterogeneity ◽  
Comprehensive Search ◽  
25 Hydroxyvitamin D

Introduction Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory and immunemediatedskin disease that affects over 7.2 million U.S. adults. Currenttreatment has improved clinical outcomes. Vitamin D is believed toaffect the proliferation and regeneration of keratinocytes; therefore,its deficiency is a possible risk factor; however, there is still no definiteevidence. The objective of this study was to synthesize existing dataon the relationship between hypovitaminosis D and psoriasis. Methods. A meta-analysis of relevant studies was conducted bydoing a comprehensive search in the MEDLINE, EMBASE, and theCochrane Central Register through July 2018 to identify relevantcohort studies and to assess serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) levels in adults with psoriasis. The primary outcome was the meandifference in serum 25(OH)D level between psoriatic patients andcontrols. Results The initial search identified 107 articles. Only ten studiesmet the criteria for full-paper review. Meta-analysis was conductedfrom ten prospective cohort studies involving 6,217 controls and 693cases. The pooled mean difference in serum 25(OH)D level betweenpsoriatic patients and controls was -6.13 ng/ml (95% CI, -10.93 to-1.32, p-value = 0.01). The between-study heterogeneity (I2) was98%, p < 0.00001. Conclusion Our meta-analysis was the first study to establish therelation between vitamin D and psoriasis. The result found a significantrelationship between low 25(OH) D levels and psoriasis, but didnot establish a causal relationship. Further studies will be requiredto establish whether vitamin D supplementation benefits patientswith psoriasis.

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