scholarly journals Bone Mechanical Properties and Mineral Density in Response to Cessation of Jumping Exercise and Honey Supplementation in Young Female Rats

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Somayeh Sadat Tavafzadeh ◽  
Foong Kiew Ooi ◽  
Chee Keong Chen ◽  
Siti Amrah Sulaiman ◽  
Leong Kim Hung
Keyword(s):  
Bone Density ◽  
Cortical Area ◽  
Young Female ◽  
Moment Of Inertia ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Bone Properties ◽  
Jumping Exercise

This study investigated effects of cessation of exercise and honey supplementation on bone properties in young female rats. Eighty-four 12-week-old Sprague-Dawley female rats were divided into 7 groups: 16S, 16J, 16H, 16JH, 8J8S, 8H8S, and 8JH8S (8 = 8 weeks, 16 = 16 weeks, S = sedentary without honey supplementation, H = honey supplementation, and J = jumping exercise). Jumping exercise consisted of 40 jumps/day for 5 days/week. Honey was given to the rats at a dosage of 1 g/kg body weight/rat/day via force feeding for 7 days/week. Jumping exercise and honey supplementation were terminated for 8 weeks in 8J8S, 8H8S, and 8JH8S groups. After 8 weeks of cessation of exercise and honey supplementation, tibial energy, proximal total bone density, midshaft cortical moment of inertia, and cortical area were significantly higher in 8JH8S as compared to 16S. Continuous sixteen weeks of combined jumping and honey resulted in significant greater tibial maximum force, energy, proximal total bone density, proximal trabecular bone density, midshaft cortical bone density, cortical area, and midshaft cortical moment of inertia in 16JH as compared to 16S. These findings showed that the beneficial effects of 8 weeks of combined exercise and honey supplementation still can be observed after 8 weeks of the cessation and exercise and supplementation.

scholarly journals Prenylated Isoflavonoids-Rich Extract of Erythrinae Cortex Exerted Bone Protective Effects by Modulating Gut Microbial Compositions and Metabolites in Ovariectomized Rats

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 2943
Author(s):  
Hui-Hui Xiao ◽  
Xueli Yu ◽  
Chen Yang ◽  
Chi-On Chan ◽  
Lu Lu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Microarchitecture ◽  
Cathepsin K ◽  
Short Chain Fatty Acids ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Ovariectomized Rats ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Ovx Rats

Flavonoids, found in a wide variety of foods and plants, are considered to play an important role in the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis. Our previous studies demonstrated that Erythrina cortex extract (EC) rich in prenylated isoflavonoids exerted bone protective effects in ovariectomized (OVX) rats. The present study aimed to investigate the interactions of gut microbiota with the EC extract to explore the underlying mechanisms involved in its beneficial effects on bone. Sprague-Dawley female rats of 3-months-old were ovariectomized and treated with EC extract for 12 weeks. EC extract reversed ovariectomy-induced deterioration of bone mineral density and bone microarchitecture as well as downregulated cathepsin K (Ctsk) and upregulated runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) in the tibia of OVX rats. Its protective effects on bone were correlated with changes in microbial richness and the restorations of several genera. EC increased the serum circulating levels of acetate and propionate in OVX rats. We conclude that the bone protective effects of EC extract were associated with the changes in microbial compositions and serum short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) in OVX rats.

Cardiac response to doxorubicin and dexrazoxane in intact and ovariectomized young female rats at rest and after swim training

2012 ◽  
Vol 302 (10) ◽  
pp. H2048-H2057 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annie Calvé ◽  
Rami Haddad ◽  
Sarah-Neiel Barama ◽  
Melissa Meilleur ◽  
Igal A. Sebag ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Function ◽  
Adult Survivors ◽  
Young Female ◽  
Cardiac Response ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Cancer Therapies ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Cardiac Damage ◽  
Ovx Rats ◽  
The Impact

The impact of cancer therapies on adult cardiac function is becoming a concern as more children survive their initial cancer. Cardiovascular disease is now a significant problem to adult survivors of childhood cancer. Specifically, doxorubicin (DOX) may be particularly harmful in young girls. The objective of this study was to characterize DOX damage and determine the ability of dexrazoxane (DEX) to reduce DOX-mediated cardiac damage in sedentary and swim-trained female rats. Female Sprague-Dawley rats were left intact or ovariectomized (OVX) at weaning then injected with DEX (60 mg/kg) before DOX (3 mg/kg), DOX alone, or PBS. Rats were separated into sedentary and swim cohorts. Body weight was reduced in DOX:DEX- but not PBS- or DOX-treated rats. Echocardiographic parameters were similar in sedentary rats. Swim training revealed greater concentric remodeling in DOX-treated rats and reduced fractional shortening in DOX:DEX-treated rats. Calsequestrin 2 was reduced with DOX and increased with DOX:DEX postswim. Sarco(endo)plasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase 2a was reduced and calsequestrin 2 reduced further by swim training only in intact rats. OVX rats were heavier and developed eccentric remodeling post-swim with DOX and eccentric hypertrophy with DOX:DEX. Changes in SERCA2a and calsequestrin 2 expression were not observed. Ovariectomized DOX- and DOX:DEX-treated rats stopped growing during swim training. DEX coinjection did not relieve DOX-mediated cardiotoxicity in intact or hormone-deficient rats. DOX-mediated reductions in growth, cardiac function, and expression of calcium homeostasis proteins were exacerbated by swim. DEX coadministration did not substantially relieve DOX-mediated cardiotoxicity in young female rats. Ovarian hormones reduce DOX-induced cardiotoxicity.

The incidence of chronic progressive nephrosis in young Sprague-Dawley rats from two different breeders

1998 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 477-482 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maud Palm
Keyword(s):  
Kidney Function ◽  
Young Female ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Common Finding ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Laboratory Rats ◽  
Toxicity Studies ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Males And Females

Chronic progressive nephrosis (CPN) in rats may not only become a problem in long-term toxicity studies but also in short-term studies, if the breeding stock is not carefully selected with respect to the kidney function. This paper presents differences in kidney function between young rats of the same strain, Sprague-Dawley, but from two different breeders ('set A' and 'set B' rats). In set A rats, protein in the urine was present in the males, which is a common finding. In set B rats, not only the males but also the females excreted protein in the urine. The method used to detect protein in the urine does not normally show a positive protein result in the young female rats. At the age of 3 months signs of chronic progressive nephrosis were observed in 55% of the males and in 15% of the females in set B. Two months later, the incidence had increased to about 70–80% in males and 50% in females. At 8 months, the incidence was similar, but the severity had increased. These values were compared with those obtained from the set A rats, none of which showed any signs of the disease at the age of 5 months and only 5% of the males and females at the age of 8 months. The results indicated that an increased excretion of protein in the urine may be used as an indicator for chronic progressive nephrosis in the rat and that not only the strain but also the source is important in selecting laboratory rats for toxicity studies.

High-impact exercise strengthens bone in osteopenic ovariectomized rats with the same outcome as Sham rats

2003 ◽  
Vol 95 (3) ◽  
pp. 1032-1037 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akiko Honda ◽  
Naota Sogo ◽  
Seigo Nagasawa ◽  
Takuya Shimizu ◽  
Yoshihisa Umemura
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mass ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Ovariectomized Rats ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Ovx Rats ◽  
Jump Exercise ◽  
Body Weights ◽  
The Right

The effect of jump exercise on middle-aged osteopenic rats was investigated. Forty-two 9-mo-old female rats were either sham-operated (Sham) or ovariectomized (OVX). Three months after surgery, the rats were divided into the following groups: Sham sedentary, Sham exercised, OVX sedentary, and OVX exercised. Rats in the exercise groups jumped 10 times/day, 5 days/wk, for 8 wk, with a jumping height of 40 cm. Less than 1 min was required for the jump training. After the experiment, the right tibia and femur were dissected, and blood was obtained from each rat. OVX rats were observed to have increased body weights and decreased bone mass in their tibiae and femurs. Jump-exercised rats, on the other hand, had significantly increased tibial bone mass, strength, and cortical areas. The bone mass and strength of OVX exercised rats increased to approximately the same extent as Sham exercised rats, despite estrogen deficiency or osteopenia. Our data suggest that jump exercise has beneficial effects on lower limb bone mass, strength, bone mineral density, and morphometry in middle-aged osteopenic rats, as well as in Sham rats.

scholarly journals Improvements in Bone Density and Structure during Anti-TNF-α Therapy in Pediatric Crohn's Disease

2015 ◽  
Vol 100 (7) ◽  
pp. 2630-2639 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lindsay M. Griffin ◽  
Meena Thayu ◽  
Robert N. Baldassano ◽  
Mark D. DeBoer ◽  
Babette S. Zemel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crohn’S Disease ◽  
Bone Density ◽  
Crohn's Disease ◽  
Bone Formation ◽  
Cortical Area ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Muscle Area ◽  
Cortical Structure ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Z Scores

Context: Pediatric Crohn's Disease (CD) is associated with deficits in trabecular bone mineral density (BMD) and cortical structure, potentially related to TNF-α effects to decrease bone formation and promote bone resorption. Objective: This study aimed to examine changes in bone density and structure in children and adolescents with CD following initiation of anti-TNF-α therapy. Design and Participants: Participants (n = 74; age 5–21 years) with CD completed a 12-month prospective cohort study. Main Outcome Measures: Tibia peripheral quantitative computed tomography scans were obtained at initiation of anti-TNF-α therapy and 12 months later. Musculoskeletal outcomes were expressed as sex-and race-specific z scores relative to age, based on >650 reference participants. Results: At baseline, CD participants had lower height, trabecular BMD, cortical area (due to smaller periosteal and larger endocortical circumferences), and muscle area z scores, compared with reference participants (all P < .01). Pediatric CD activity index decreased during the 10-week induction (P < .001), in association with subsequent gains in height, trabecular BMD, cortical area (due to recovery of endocortical bone), and muscle area z scores over 12 months (height P < .05; others P < .001). Bone-specific alkaline phosphatase levels, a biomarker of bone formation, increased a median of 75% (P < .001) during induction with associated 12-month improvements in trabecular BMD and cortical area z scores (both P < .001). Younger age was associated with greater increases in trabecular BMD z scores (P < .001) and greater linear growth with greater recovery of cortical area (P < .001). Conclusions: Anti-TNF-α therapy was associated with improvements in trabecular BMD and cortical structure. Improvements were greater in younger and growing participants, suggesting a window of opportunity for treatment of bone deficits.

scholarly journals The Combination of High Calcium Milk with Citrus maxima Peels Ethanolic Extract Increased Bone Density of Ovariectomized Rats

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 42
Author(s):  
Ragil S. Dianingati ◽  
Annisa Novarina ◽  
Amanita K. Hana ◽  
Laeli Muntafi'ah ◽  
Endang Lukitaningsih
Keyword(s):  
Estrogen Receptor ◽  
Bone Density ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Ovariectomized Rats ◽  
Menopausal Woman ◽  
Good Prospect ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Docking Score ◽  
High Calcium ◽  
Citrus Maxima

Osteoporosis is a common problem in menopause woman. The main cause is lack of estrogen hormone. Commonly, prevention therapy is by consuming high calcium milk, but it is not effective. Bali orange’s peel (Citrus maxima Merr.) is a waste material but known contains phytoestrogen according to previous study. Considering of this result, fortification of high calcium milk and Bali orange’s peel is expected to be an effective solution for osteoporosis in menopause woman. This research began with extraction of Bali orange’s peel (BPE) using ethanol 70% by maceration method. Ovariectomized Sprague Dawley female rats as the model of post menopausal woman were treated by BPE for 28 days. The doses of BPE was given to rats is 500 and 1000 mg/KgBW combined with high calcium milk. Bone density was determined using digital microradiography, the profile showed the increase of bone density in group that treated with combination of BPE 1000 mg/Kg BW and high calcium milk compare to control and given only milk groups. Docking molecular showed that BPE’s active compound which are hesperidin and naringin have interaction with estrogen receptor α and β. Docking score of naringin with ER α and β are -19,97; -18,99 respectively. Meanwhile the docking score of hesperidin with ER α and β are -19,98; +49,92 respectively. Overall, the result of this research showed that fortification of BPE with high calcium milk has good prospect to develop as effective therapy of osteoporosis.Keywords : Citrus maxima Merr., phytoestrogen, osteoporosis, high calcium milk, estrogen receptor 

Er-Xian Decoction Exerts Estrogen-Like Osteoprotective EffectsIn VivoandIn Vitro

2014 ◽  
Vol 42 (02) ◽  
pp. 409-426 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ka-Chun Wong ◽  
Kin-Shing Lee ◽  
Hon-Kit Luk ◽  
Hoi-Ying Wan ◽  
Chui-Kwan Ho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Distal Femur ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Micro Computed Tomography ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Proliferative Effect ◽  
Bone Properties ◽  
Ovx Rats ◽  
Herba Epimedii ◽  
Umr 106

Er-xian Decoction (EXD), containing Herba epimedii Maxim (HEP) and Curculigo orchioides Gaertn (XM) as principal drugs, is a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) formula prescribed for the treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis. In the present study, the in vivo anti-osteoporosis effects of EXD, HEP and XM on four-month-old ovariectomized (OVX) Sprague–Dawley rats were investigated. Micro-computed tomography analysis showed that EXD could significantly improve the micro-architectural parameters (BMD, BV/TV, Tb.N, Tb.Th, and Tb.Sp) of trabecular bone in the distal femur and proximal tibia in OVX rats (p < 0.05). The biomechanical parameters of the distal femur in rats treated with EXD were also improved significantly (p < 0.05 vs. OVX group). The in vivo efficacy of EXD was found to be superior to HEP or XM alone in improving the bone properties of OVX rats. Treatment of rat osteoblastic-like UMR-106 cells with EXD, HEP, and XM significantly promoted the cell proliferation rate (p < 0.05) with the most promising effects observed in cells treated with EXD (p < 0.001). The proliferative effect in UMR-106 cells induced by EXD, HEP, and XM were abolished in the presence of the estrogen antagonist, ICI182780, suggesting that their effects were mediated by estrogen receptor (ER). Additionally, EXD could activate ER-α and ER-β mediated estrogen-response element (ERE)-dependent luciferase activity as well as phosphorylate ER-α at serine 118 in UMR-106 cells. Taken together, EXD offered better osteoprotective effects than its single principal herb, and the beneficial effects of EXD in preventing bone deteriorations are, at least partially, through the ER signaling pathway.

scholarly journals Stress Hormone and Reproductive System in Response to Honey Supplementation Combined with Different Jumping Exercise Intensities in Female Rats

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maryam Mosavat ◽  
Foong Kiew Ooi ◽  
Mahaneem Mohamed
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Serum Cortisol ◽  
Reproductive Organs ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Stress Hormone ◽  
Serum Progesterone ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Sedentary Group ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Jumping Exercise

This study was performed to determine the effects of 8-week honey supplementation combined with different jumping exercise intensities on serum cortisol, progesterone, estradiol, and reproductive organs. Eighty-four 9-week-old female rats were divided into 7 groups: baseline controls (C0), sedentary group (C), 20 and 80 jumps per day (Ex20J,Ex80J), honey (H), and combined honey with 20 and 80 jumps per day (HEx20J,HEx80J) groups. Jumping exercise was performed at 5 days/week and honey was given at a dosage of 1 g/kg body weight/day for 7 days/week. The level of serum cortisol was higher inEx20JandEx80Jcompared to C. There was significantly lower value of serum cortisol inHEx20Jcompared toEx80J. Serum progesterone levels were significantly lower inEx20JandEx80Jcompared to C. However, serum progesterone levels were significantly higher inHEx20JandHEx80Jcompared toEx20JandEx80J. Relative uterine weights were significantly greater inHEx20Jcompared to C andHEx80J, respectively. There was no significant difference in estradiol level and relative ovarian weights among all the groups. Therefore, honey elicited beneficial effects in reducing the increase of cortisol and in increasing the reduce of progesterone levels induced by different intensities jumping exercise in female rats.

scholarly journals Elevated Mechanical Loading When Young Provides Lifelong Benefits to Cortical Bone Properties in Female Rats Independent of a Surgically Induced Menopause

Endocrinology ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 154 (9) ◽  
pp. 3178-3187 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stuart J. Warden ◽  
Matthew R. Galley ◽  
Andrea L. Hurd ◽  
Joseph M. Wallace ◽  
Maxime A. Gallant ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mass ◽  
Cortical Bone ◽  
Bone Quality ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Bone Properties ◽  
Skeletal Loading ◽  
Cortical Bone Mass ◽  
Independent Effects ◽  
Surgically Induced

Exercise that mechanically loads the skeleton is advocated when young to enhance lifelong bone health. Whether the skeletal benefits of elevated loading when young persist into adulthood and after menopause are important questions. This study investigated the influence of a surgically induced menopause in female Sprague-Dawley rats on the lifelong maintenance of the cortical bone benefits of skeletal loading when young. Animals had their right forearm extrinsically loaded 3 d/wk between 4 and 10 weeks of age using the forearm axial compression loading model. Left forearms were internal controls and not loaded. Animals were subsequently detrained (restricted to cage activities) for 94 weeks (until age 2 years), with ovariectomy (OVX) or sham-OVX surgery being performed at 24 weeks of age. Loading enhanced midshaft ulna cortical bone mass, structure, and estimated strength. These benefits persisted lifelong and contributed to loaded ulnas having greater strength after detraining. Loading also had effects on cortical bone quality. The benefits of loading when young were not influenced by a surgically induced menopause because there were no interactions between loading and surgery. However, OVX had independent effects on cortical bone mass, structure, and estimated strength at early postsurgery time points (up to age 58 weeks) and bone quality measures. These data indicate skeletal loading when young had lifelong benefits on cortical bone properties that persisted independent of a surgically induced menopause. This suggests that skeletal loading associated with exercise when young may provide lifelong antifracture benefits by priming the skeleton to offset the cortical bone changes associated with aging and menopause.

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