scholarly journals Regulators of Actin Dynamics in Gastrointestinal Tract Tumors

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Konrad Steinestel ◽  
Eva Wardelmann ◽  
Wolfgang Hartmann ◽  
Inga Grünewald
Keyword(s):  
Tumor Cell ◽  
Cell Invasion ◽  
Intracellular Signaling ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Leading Edge ◽  
Tumor Cell Invasion ◽  
Actin Dynamics ◽  
Actin Binding ◽  
Surface Receptors ◽  
Cytoskeletal Dynamics

Reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton underlies cell migration in a wide variety of physiological and pathological processes, such as embryonic development, wound healing, and tumor cell invasion. It has been shown that actin assembly and disassembly are precisely regulated by intracellular signaling cascades that respond to changes in the cell microenvironment, ligand binding to surface receptors, or oncogenic transformation of the cell. Actin-nucleating and actin-depolymerizing (ANFs/ADFs) and nucleation-promoting factors (NPFs) regulate cytoskeletal dynamics at the leading edge of migrating cells, thereby modulating cell shape; these proteins facilitate cellular movement and mediate degradation of the surrounding extracellular matrix by secretion of lytic proteases, thus eliminating barriers for tumor cell invasion. Accordingly, expression and activity of these actin-binding proteins have been linked to enhanced metastasis and poor prognosis in a variety of malignancies. In this review, we will summarize what is known about expression patterns and the functional role of actin regulators in gastrointestinal tumors and evaluate first pharmacological approaches to prevent invasion and metastatic dissemination of malignant cells.

scholarly journals AP-1 Differentially Expressed Proteins Krp1 and Fibronectin Cooperatively Enhance Rho-ROCK-Independent Mesenchymal Invasion by Altering the Function, Localization, and Activity of Nondifferentially Expressed Proteins

2006 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 1480-1495 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heather J. Spence ◽  
Lynn McGarry ◽  
Catherine S. Chew ◽  
Neil O. Carragher ◽  
Linda A. Scott-Carragher ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Transcription Factor ◽  
Tumor Cell ◽  
Cell Invasion ◽  
Essential Role ◽  
Differentially Expressed ◽  
Tumor Cell Invasion ◽  
Actin Binding ◽  
Fibroblast Cells ◽  
Differentially Expressed Proteins

ABSTRACT The transcription factor AP-1, which is composed of Fos and Jun family proteins, plays an essential role in tumor cell invasion by altering gene expression. We report here that Krp1, the AP-1 up-regulated protein that has a role in pseudopodial elongation in v-Fos-transformed rat fibroblast cells, forms a novel interaction with the nondifferentially expressed actin binding protein Lasp-1. Krp1 and Lasp-1 colocalize with actin at the tips of pseudopodia, and this localization is maintained by continued AP-1 mediated down-regulation of fibronectin that in turn suppresses integrin and Rho-ROCK signaling and allows pseudopodial protrusion and mesenchyme-like invasion. Mutation analysis of Lasp-1 demonstrates that its SH3 domain is necessary for pseudopodial extension and invasion. The results support the concept of an AP-1-regulated multigenic invasion program in which proteins encoded by differentially expressed genes direct the function, localization, and activity of proteins that are not differentially expressed to enhance the invasiveness of cells.

CUTL1–a modulator of tumor cell invasion and target of TGF-beta which is highly expressed in colon cancer

2004 ◽  
Vol 42 (08) ◽  
Author(s):  
P Michl ◽  
M Ei'Bahrawy ◽  
R Poulsom ◽  
A Ramjaun ◽  
J Downward
Keyword(s):  
Colon Cancer ◽  
Tumor Cell ◽  
Cell Invasion ◽  
Tumor Cell Invasion ◽  
Tgf Beta

Tumor Cell Invasion Assay

BIO-PROTOCOL ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanling Chen
Keyword(s):  
Tumor Cell ◽  
Cell Invasion ◽  
Tumor Cell Invasion ◽  
Invasion Assay

scholarly journals Regulation of CD44 Alternative Splicing by SRm160 and Its Potential Role in Tumor Cell Invasion

2006 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 362-370 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chonghui Cheng ◽  
Phillip A. Sharp
Keyword(s):  
Alternative Splicing ◽  
Tumor Cell ◽  
Cell Invasion ◽  
Rna Splicing ◽  
Tumor Cell Invasion ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Cd44 Isoforms ◽  
Transmembrane Glycoprotein ◽  
Cell Invasiveness ◽  
Interfering Rna

ABSTRACT The multiple isoforms of the transmembrane glycoprotein CD44 are produced by alternative RNA splicing. Expression of CD44 isoforms containing variable 5 exon (v5) correlates with enhanced malignancy and invasiveness of some tumors. Here we demonstrate that SRm160, a splicing coactivator, regulates CD44 alternative splicing in a Ras-dependent manner. Overexpression of SRm160 stimulates inclusion of CD44 v5 when Ras is activated. Conversely, small interfering RNA (siRNA)-mediated silencing of SRm160 significantly reduces v5 inclusion. Immunoprecipitation shows association of SRm160 with Sam68, a protein that also stimulates v5 inclusion in a Ras-dependent manner, suggesting that these two proteins interact to regulate CD44 splicing. Importantly, siRNA-mediated depletion of CD44 v5 decreases tumor cell invasion. Reduction of SRm160 by siRNA transfection downregulates the endogenous levels of CD44 isoforms, including v5, and correlates with a decrease in tumor cell invasiveness.

scholarly journals Rakicidin D, an inhibitor of tumor cell invasion from marine-derived Streptomyces sp.

2010 ◽  
Vol 63 (9) ◽  
pp. 563-565 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasuhiro Igarashi ◽  
Ryoko Shimasaki ◽  
Satoshi Miyanaga ◽  
Naoya Oku ◽  
Hiroyasu Onaka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tumor Cell ◽  
Cell Invasion ◽  
Tumor Cell Invasion ◽  
Streptomyces Sp

scholarly journals An Immortalization-Dependent Switch in Integrin Function Up-regulates MMP-9 to Enhance Tumor Cell Invasion

2008 ◽  
Vol 68 (18) ◽  
pp. 7371-7379 ◽  
Author(s):  
John M. Lamar ◽  
Kevin M. Pumiglia ◽  
C. Michael DiPersio
Keyword(s):  
Tumor Cell ◽  
Cell Invasion ◽  
Tumor Cell Invasion ◽  
Enhance Tumor Cell
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