scholarly journals Detection of Prosthetic Knee Movement Phases via In-Socket Sensors: A Feasibility Study

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amr M. El-Sayed ◽  
Nur Azah Hamzaid ◽  
Kenneth Y. S. Tan ◽  
Noor Azuan Abu Osman
Keyword(s):  
Gait Cycle ◽  
Piezoelectric Sensors ◽  
Knee Angle ◽  
Prosthetic Knee ◽  
Mechanical Responses ◽  
Stair Ascent ◽  
Sit To Stand ◽  
Knee Movement ◽  
Custom Made ◽  
Full Standing

This paper presents an approach of identifying prosthetic knee movements through pattern recognition of mechanical responses at the internal socket’s wall. A quadrilateral double socket was custom made and instrumented with two force sensing resistors (FSR) attached to specific anterior and posterior sites of the socket’s wall. A second setup was established by attaching three piezoelectric sensors at the anterior distal, anterior proximal, and posterior sites. Gait cycle and locomotion movements such as stair ascent and sit to stand were adopted to characterize the validity of the technique. FSR and piezoelectric outputs were measured with reference to the knee angle during each phase. Piezoelectric sensors could identify the movement of midswing and terminal swing, pre-full standing, pull-up at gait, sit to stand, and stair ascent. In contrast, FSR could estimate the gait cycle stance and swing phases and identify the pre-full standing at sit to stand. FSR showed less variation during sit to stand and stair ascent to sensitively represent the different movement states. The study highlighted the capacity of using in-socket sensors for knee movement identification. In addition, it validated the efficacy of the system and warrants further investigation with more amputee subjects and different sockets types.

scholarly journals VALIDATION OF AN ELECTROGONIOMETRY SYSTEM AS A MEASURE OF KNEE KINEMATICS DURING ACTIVITIES OF DAILY LIVING

2013 ◽  
Vol 16 (01) ◽  
pp. 1350005
Author(s):  
Samuel G. Urwin ◽  
Deiary F. Kader ◽  
Nick Caplan ◽  
Alan St. Clair Gibson ◽  
Su Stewart
Keyword(s):  
Activities Of Daily Living ◽  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Knee Angle ◽  
Pearson’S Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Stair Ascent ◽  
Sit To Stand ◽  
Stair Descent ◽  
Pearson's Correlation ◽  
Pearson's Correlation Coefficient

Purpose: The increasing use of electrogoniometry (ELG) in clinical research requires the validation of different instrumentation. The purpose of this investigation was to examine the concurrent validity of an ELG system during activities of daily living. Methods: A total of 10 asymptomatic participants gave informed consent to participate. A Biometrics SG150 electrogoniometer was directly compared to a 12 camera three-dimensional motion analysis system during walking, stair ascent, stair descent, sit to stand, and stand to sit activities for the measurement of the right knee angle. Analysis of validity was undertaken by linear regression. Standard error of estimate (SEE), standardized SEE (SSEE), and Pearson's correlation coefficient r were computed for paired trials between systems for each functional activity. Results: The 95% confidence interval of SEE was reasonable between systems across walking (LCI = 2.43°; UCI = 2.91°), stair ascent (LCI = 2.09°; UCI = 2.42°), stair descent (LCI = 1.79°; UCI = 2.10°), sit to stand (LCI = 1.22°; UCI = 1.41°), and stand to sit (LCI = 1.17°; UCI = 1.34°). Pearson's correlation coefficient r across walking (LCI = 0.983; UCI = 0.990), stair ascent (LCI = 0.995; UCI = 0.997), stair descent (LCI = 0.995; UCI = 0.997), sit to stand (LCI = 0.998; UCI = 0.999), and stand to sit (LCI = 0.996; UCI = 0.997) was indicative of a strong linear relationship between systems. Conclusion: ELG is a valid method of measuring the knee angle during activities representative of daily living. The range is within that suggested to be acceptable for the clinical evaluation of patients with musculoskeletal conditions.

scholarly journals Experimental study of sit-to-stand kinematics in healthy, osteoarthritic and prosthetic knee

2020 ◽  
Vol 997 ◽  
pp. 012092
Author(s):  
D Tarnita ◽  
A Petcu ◽  
V Ontica ◽  
D Prunoiu Diana ◽  
D N Tarnita
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Prosthetic Knee ◽  
Sit To Stand

Evaluation and Analysis of Different Types of Prosthetic Knee Joint Used by above Knee Amputee

2020 ◽  
Vol 398 ◽  
pp. 34-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fahad Mohanad Kadhim ◽  
Jumaa Salman Chiad ◽  
Maryam Abdul Salam Enad
Keyword(s):  
Gait Cycle ◽  
Reaction Force ◽  
Maximum Velocity ◽  
Knee Joints ◽  
Von Mises Stress ◽  
Prosthetic Knee ◽  
Prosthetic Limb ◽  
Left And Right ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Von Mises

Four prosthetic knee joints (polycentric knee weight activating-4bar and friction, extension assist controlled),(single axis knee weight activating and friction, internal extension assist controlled), (single axis knee weight activating-4bar and hydraulically, controlled) and (polycentric knee geometric locking-6bar, hydraulically controlled) for a trans-femoral patient were tested. The tests were conducted to find the maximum velocity as well as discussing the most comfortable prosthetic forthe patient and walking stability for these prosthetic knees by examining the gait cycle and measuring the ground reaction force (GRF), using force a plate device. Also, the interface pressure was measured between socket and stump muscles by using F-socket device to get the stress distribution during walking with a prosthetic knee. Results manifested that the polycentric knee geometric locking - 6bar, hydraulically controlled is the best because of the good homogenous distribution of GRF between the healthy and prosthetic limb, during which the difference between both the healthy and prosthetic limb is with the least value (4%).And, K4 gives the minimum value of differences in contact pressure between the left and right limb with a value of (24%), it alsoimparts the maximum symmetry between the left and right limb according to the gait cycle parameters.The best results of the interface pressures and kinovea velocity are achieved whenK4 is used with (132.4KPa, 0.71m/s), respectively. Finally, the polycentric knee geometric locking - 6bar, hydraulically controlled is the best according to the ANSYS results during which it yields the minimum values of Von-Mises stress with 14.24MPa and a maximum factor of safety of 3.11.

On Transfemoral Prosthetic Knee Design for Natural Human Knee Motion

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-59
Author(s):  
Wen-Tzong Lee ◽  
Kevin Russell ◽  
Raj S. Sodhi
Keyword(s):  
Design Process ◽  
Knee Flexion ◽  
Gait Cycle ◽  
Design Method ◽  
Human Gait ◽  
Motion Generation ◽  
Knee Motion ◽  
Human Knee ◽  
Prosthetic Knee ◽  
Position Data

Background: A transfemoral prosthetic knee is an artificial knee used by above-the-knee amputees. There are two major categories of transfemoral prosthetic knee designs: pin joint-based and polycentric designs. While pin joint-based knee designs only allow pure rotation of the knee, polycentric knee designs allow a combination of rotational and translational knee motion which is exhibited in natural knee motion. Objective: This work presents both the recently-patented design process and the resulting design of a polycentric transfemoral prosthetic knee that approximates natural spatial human knee motion during flexion and extension. Methods: The design process includes tibial motion acquisition, Revolute-Revolute-Spherical-Spherical linkage (or RRSS) motion generation, RRSS linkage axode generation and circle fitting. The polycentric transfemoral prosthetic knee design produced from this process includes a gear joint with a specific spatial orientation to approximate natural spatial human knee motion. Results: Using the design process, a polycentric transfemoral prosthetic knee was designed to replicate a group of five tibial positions over 37.5° of knee flexion (the amount of knee flexion in a standard human gait cycle) with a minimal structural error. Conclusion: The circular gear-based knee design accurately replicated natural spatial knee motion over the tibial position data given for a standard human gait cycle. The knee design method must be implemented over a broader sampling of tibial position data to determine if a circular gear-based knee design is consistently accurate.

scholarly journals Does a Microprocessor-controlled Prosthetic Knee Affect Stair Ascent Strategies in Persons With Transfemoral Amputation?

2014 ◽  
Vol 472 (10) ◽  
pp. 3093-3101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer M. Aldridge Whitehead ◽  
Erik J. Wolf ◽  
Charles R. Scoville ◽  
Jason M. Wilken
Keyword(s):  
Transfemoral Amputation ◽  
Prosthetic Knee ◽  
Stair Ascent

scholarly journals Lower limb intersegmental forces for below-knee amputee children during standing

1991 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 185-191 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. R. Engsberg ◽  
K. C. Aldridge ◽  
J. A. Harder
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Data ◽  
Lower Limb ◽  
Sagittal Plane ◽  
Frontal Plane ◽  
Anatomical Structure ◽  
Static Force ◽  
Force Analysis ◽  
Knee Angle ◽  
Prosthetic Knee ◽  
Hip Forces

The purpose of this investigation was to compare intersegmental knee and hip forces for below-knee amputee (BKA) and able-bodied children during standing. Three unilateral BKA children and 10 able-bodied children (7-9 years) were tested on four separate occasions at six month intervals. Three trials of external force and spatial data during standing were collected from each subject for each session. These data were utilised to determine the intersegmental forces at the knees and hips of the children using a static force analysis. Results indicated that in some instances the intersegmental forces for the BKA children were significantly greater than those of the able-bodied children and in other instances significantly lower (p < 0.05). In all cases, however, the values were substantially less than corresponding values for walking and running. The effects of the forces upon spatial orientations indicated significant differences between the two groups of children. The frontal plane prosthetic knee angle, the sagittal plane prosthetic and non-prosthetic knee angles, and the sagittal plane trunk angle were all greater for the BKA children when compared to able-bodied children. These differences may be the result of the anatomical structure of the amputee and/or the construction of the prosthesis.

Muscle Function and Coordination of Amputee Stair Ascent

2018 ◽  
Vol 140 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicole G. Harper ◽  
Jason M. Wilken ◽  
Richard R. Neptune
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Function ◽  
Gait Cycle ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Human Movement ◽  
Dynamics Simulation ◽  
Lateral Control ◽  
Stair Ascent ◽  
Rehabilitation Programs ◽  
Ankle Muscles ◽  
Muscle Groups

Ascending stairs is challenging following transtibial amputation due to the loss of the ankle muscles, which are critical to human movement. Efforts to improve stair ascent following amputation are hindered by the limited understanding of how the prosthesis and remaining muscles contribute to stair ascent. This study developed a three-dimensional (3D) muscle-actuated forward dynamics simulation of amputee stair ascent to identify the contributions of individual muscles and the passive prosthesis to the biomechanical subtasks of stair ascent. The prosthesis was found to provide vertical propulsion throughout stair ascent, similar to nonamputee plantarflexors. However, the timing differed considerably. The prosthesis also contributed to braking, similar to the nonamputee soleus, but to a greater extent. However, the prosthesis was unable to replicate the functions of nonamputee gastrocnemius, which contributes to forward propulsion during the second half of stance and leg swing initiation. To compensate, the hamstrings and vasti of the residual leg increased their contributions to forward propulsion during the first and second halves of stance, respectively. The prosthesis also contributed to medial control, consistent with the nonamputee soleus but not gastrocnemius. Therefore, prosthesis designs that provide additional vertical propulsion as well as forward propulsion, lateral control, and leg swing initiation at appropriate points in the gait cycle could improve amputee stair ascent. However, because nonamputee soleus and gastrocnemius contribute oppositely to many subtasks, it may be necessary to couple the prosthesis, which functions most similarly to soleus, with targeted rehabilitation programs focused on muscle groups that can compensate for gastrocnemius.

scholarly journals Gait cycle prediction model based on gait kinematic using machine learning technique for assistive rehabilitation device

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 752
Author(s):  
Che Ani Adi Izhar ◽  
Z. Hussain ◽  
M. I. F. Maruzuki ◽  
Mohd Suhaimi Sulaiman ◽  
A. A. Abd. Rahim
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Prediction Model ◽  
Gait Cycle ◽  
Prediction Models ◽  
Sliding Window ◽  
Machine Learning Algorithms ◽  
Human Gait ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Knee Angle ◽  
Input Parameters

The gait cycle prediction model is critical for controlling assistive rehabilitation equipment like orthosis. The human gait model has recently used statistical models, but the dynamic properties of human physiology limit the current approach. Current human gait cycle prediction models need detailed kinematic and kinetic data of the human body as input parameters, and measuring them requires special instruments, making them difficult to use in real-world applications. In our study, three separate machine learning algorithms were used to create a human gait model: Gaussian process regression, support vector machine, and decision tree. The algorithm used to create the model's input parameters are height, weight, hip and knee angle, and ground reaction force (GRF). For better gait cycle model prediction, the models produced were enhanced by incorporating different sliding window data. The best gait period prediction model was DT with sliding window data (t−3), which had a root mean square error of 3.3018 and the R-squared (R-Value) of 0.97. The projection model focused on hip and knee angle and GRF was a feasible solution to controlling assistive rehabilitation devices during the gait cycle.

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