scholarly journals Particle Size Affects Concentration-Dependent Cytotoxicity of Chitosan Nanoparticles towards Mouse Hematopoietic Stem Cells

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siti Sarah Omar Zaki ◽  
Mohd Nazmi Ibrahim ◽  
Haliza Katas

Chitosan nanoparticles (CSNPs) have been extensively applied in medical and pharmaceutical fields as promising drug delivery systems. Despite that, the safety of CSNPs remains inadequate and needs further investigation, particularly on hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs). CSNPs were prepared by ionic gelation method and later were characterized for their physical characteristics (particle size and zeta potential). Cytotoxicity of CSNPs was assessed by MTT assay. Particle size was highly influenced by chitosan concentration and molecular weight (medium and high molecular weight (MMW and HMW)). Higher chitosan concentration and molecular weight produced larger nanoparticles. Zeta potential of CSNPs was not significantly affected by chitosan concentrations and molecular weights used in the present study. MMW had a better stability than HMW CSNPs as their particle size and zeta potential were not significantly altered after autoclaving. Cytotoxicity of CSNPs was influenced by zeta potential and particle size. On the other hand, chitosan concentration and molecular weight indirectly influenced cytotoxicity by affecting particle size and zeta potential of CSNPs. In conclusion, cytotoxicity of CSNPs was mainly attributed to their physical characteristics and this opens a strategy to ensure the safety of CSNPs applications in stem cell technology.

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (02) ◽  
pp. 40
Author(s):  
Malinda Prihantini ◽  
Elya Zulfa ◽  
Listyana Dewi Prastiwi ◽  
Ikha Dyah Yulianti

ABSTRACT The nanoparticle system encapsulates and protects flavonoids of suji leaves from photolysis and oxidation instability. Chitosan is a biocompatible, biodegradable and non-toxic nanoparticles forming polymer. Ultrasonication is a materials mixing technique under high vibration energy. The ultrasonication time affects the particle size. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of the ultrasonication time on physical characteristics of chitosan nanoparticles of suji (Pleomele angustifolia) leaf ethanol extract and its physical stability after cycling test. Ethanol extract of suji leaves (EEDS) was obtained by maceration using 70% ethanol. Chitosan EEDS nanoparticles were made under ionic gelation method using an ultrasonication time of 3 minutes (FI), 6 minutes (FII), and 9 minutes (FIII). The physical characterization of nanoparticles includes particle size, polydispersity index, and zeta potential. Chitosan EEDS nanoparticles with the best physical characteristics (FIII) were tested for stability using cycling test method. The data obtained were analyzed using the Anova statistical method with a 95% confidence level. The size of EEDS chitosan nanoparticles (nm) was significantly different in all formulas, FI (374.47), FII (288.43), and FIII (233.37). The polydispersity index of FI (0.38) and FIII (0.65) were significantly different, while FII (0.41) was not significantly different. The zeta potential (mV) FI (51.70), FII (46.10), and FIII (48.60) were not significantly different in all formulas. The physical characteristics of Formula III after Cycling Test showed a particle size of 455.0 nm, a polydispersity index of 0.174, and a zeta potential of 20.1 mV. Keywords: ultrasonication, nanoparticles, chitosan, cycling test, suji leaf (Pleomele angustifolia)


2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (02) ◽  
pp. 125
Author(s):  
Malinda Prihantini ◽  
Elya Zulfa ◽  
Listyana Dewi Prastiwi ◽  
Ikha Dyah Yulianti

ABSTRACT The nanoparticle system encapsulates and protects flavonoids of suji leaves from photolysis and oxidation instability. Chitosan is a biocompatible, biodegradable and non-toxic nanoparticles forming polymer. Ultrasonication is a materials mixing technique under high vibration energy. The ultrasonication time affects the particle size. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of the ultrasonication time on physical characteristics of chitosan nanoparticles of suji (Pleomele angustifolia) leaf ethanol extract and its physical stability after cycling test. Ethanol extract of suji leaves (EEDS) was obtained by maceration using 70% ethanol. Chitosan EEDS nanoparticles were made under ionic gelation method using an ultrasonication time of 3 minutes (FI), 6 minutes (FII), and 9 minutes (FIII). The physical characterization of nanoparticles includes particle size, polydispersity index, and zeta potential. Chitosan EEDS nanoparticles with the best physical characteristics (FIII) were tested for stability using cycling test method. The data obtained were analyzed using the Anova statistical method with a 95% confidence level. The size of EEDS chitosan nanoparticles (nm) was significantly different in all formulas, FI (374.47), FII (288.43), and FIII (233.37). The polydispersity index of FI (0.38) and FIII (0.65) were significantly different, while FII (0.41) was not significantly different. The zeta potential (mV) FI (51.70), FII (46.10), and FIII (48.60) were not significantly different in all formulas. The physical characteristics of Formula III after Cycling Test showed a particle size of 455.0 nm, a polydispersity index of 0.174, and a zeta potential of 20.1 mV. Keywords: ultrasonication, nanoparticles, chitosan, cycling test, suji leaf (Pleomele angustifolia)


2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hideyo Hirai ◽  
Pu Zhang ◽  
Tajhal Dayaram ◽  
Christopher Hetherington ◽  
Shin-ichi Mizuno ◽  
...  

Author(s):  
И.Ю. Маклакова ◽  
Д.Ю. Гребнев ◽  
А.П. Ястребов

Цель - изучение влияния сочетанной трансплантации мультипотентных мезенхимальных стромальных (ММСК) и гемопоэтических стволовых клеток (ГСК), выделенных из плаценты, на регенерацию белой и красной пульпы селезенки в физиологических условиях и в условиях воздействия ионизующего излучения. Методика. Эксперименты выполнены белых лабораторных беспородных мышах-самцах. Облучение животных проводилось на гамма-терапевтической установке типа АГАТ-С с радионуклидным источником Co-60 типа ГИК-8-4, поглощенная доза составила 4,0 Гр, мощность поглощенной дозы 20 сГр/мин. Животным опытной группы внутривенно вводились аллогенные ММСК и ГСК соответственно в дозе 6 млн клеток/кг и 330 тыс. клеток/кг, суспендированные в 0,2 мл 0,9% раствора NaCl. Выделение гемопоэтических стволовых клеток осуществлялось методом прямой иммуномагнитной сепарации. Проводили морфометрию лимфоидных фолликулов селезенки (средняя площадь, средняя площадь В-зоны, средняя площадь герминативного центра, средняя площадь T-зоны), а также определялось среднее расстояние между центрами фолликулов и средняя клеточность красной пульпы. Результаты. Показано, что после воздействия ионизирующего излучения на фоне сочетанной трансплантации ММСК и ГСК происходит увеличение размеров лимфоидного фолликула за счет площади B-зоны фолликула, площади герминативного центра фолликула, восстановление содержания лимфобластов, пролимфоцитов и лимфоцитов до значений нормы. На фоне трансплантации ММСК и ГСК в условиях лучевой нагрузки установлено увеличение плотности клеток в красной пульпе селезенки и, как следствие, увеличение расстояния между центрами лимфоидных фолликулов. Увеличение плотности клеток в красной пульпе происходит как за счет увеличения содержания эритроидных клеток, так и за счет увеличения гранулоцитов. Заключение. Проведенные исследования свидетельствуют об эффективности сочетанной трансплантации ММСК и ГСК в отношении основных морфометрических показателей селезенки после воздействия ионизирующего излучения. The purpose of this work was to study the effect of combined transplantation of multipotent mesenchymal stromal (MSCS) and hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) isolated from the placenta, on the regeneration of white and red pulp of the spleen under physiological conditions and in conditions of exposure to ionizing radiation. Methods. The experiments were performed with laboratory mice-males. We studied the influence of ionizing radiation dose of 4.0 Gy. Animals of the experimental group were intravenously infused into MMSC and GSK respectively at a dose of 6 million cells/kg and 330 thousand cells/kg, suspended in 0.2 ml of 0.9% NaCl solution. The selection of hematopoietic stem cells was carried out using the direct technique of immune magnetic separation. Were studied the following morphometric parameters of the spleen: the average area of lymphoid follicles, the average area of zone of lymphoid follicles, average size of germinal center of lymphoid follicles, average size T-zones of lymphoid follicles, the average distance between the centers of the follicles, the average cellularity of the red pulp. Results. As a result, of research obtained that after exposure to ionizing radiation on the background of combined transplantation of HSC and MSCS there is an increase in size of lymphoid follicle at the expense of area B-zone of the follicle, the area germinative center of the follicle, restoring the content of lymphoblasts and lymphoblasts and lymphocytes to normal values. On the background of transplantation MMSC and GSK in terms of radiation exposure changes and the red pulp of the spleen. The increase in the density of cells in the red pulp of the spleen and, as a consequence, of the increase of the distance between the centers of lymphoid follicles. The increase in the density of cells in the red pulp occurs due to the increase in the content of erythroid cells and by increasing granulocytes. Key words: ionizing radiation, multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells, hematopoietic stem cells, spleen, regeneration. Conclusion. Studies have shown the effectiveness of combined transplantation MSC and GSK in respect of the main morphometric parameters of the spleen after exposure to ionizing radiation.


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