scholarly journals Trends in Biosensors for HPV: Identification and Diagnosis

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isaac A. M. Frías ◽  
Karen Y. P. S. Avelino ◽  
Rafael R. Silva ◽  
César A. S. Andrade ◽  
Maria D. L. Oliveira
Keyword(s):  
Piezoelectric Transducers ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Specific Detection ◽  
Adequate Treatment ◽  
Detection And Identification ◽  
Proper Diagnosis ◽  
Recent Trends ◽  
Material Sciences ◽  
Virus Strains ◽  
Intrinsic Contradiction

The conventional methodologies used for the detection of human papillomavirus (HPV) present actually robust and reproducible advantages. However, at the same time, they involve complex protocols that sometimes are difficult to popularize. Over the first half of XX century, the adequate treatment of complex and delicate processes from a simple instrumental base seemed a fundamental and intrinsic contradiction. However, interdisciplinary trends have allowed the manipulation of tissues, proteins, and nucleic acids through innovative increasingly smaller devices. The proper diagnosis of HPV has seen great advances since biosensor researchers are employing its virus strains as models to study the interactions between the biorecognition element and the transducer. Additionally, all recent improvements and trends that material sciences, biotechnology, and data processing scientists excel for biosensors can be applied for the HPV detection platforms. In this review, we highlight the recent trends on materials, nanomaterials, and transducers for the specific detection and differentiation of HPV strains. The most influential methods for the detection and identification of these papillomaviruses include optical, electrochemical, and piezoelectric transducers; we will visit their sensibility and advantages. Additionally, we highlight the factors that contributed to the increasing importance of these biodevices as potential substitutes to conventional diagnostic methods.

scholarly journals Classification and specific primer design for accurate detection of SARS-CoV-2 using deep learning

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alejandro Lopez-Rincon ◽  
Alberto Tonda ◽  
Lucero Mendoza-Maldonado ◽  
Daphne G. J. C. Mulders ◽  
Richard Molenkamp ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Deep Learning ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Detection Methods ◽  
Minimal Amount ◽  
Specific Detection ◽  
Data Repositories ◽  
Primer Sets ◽  
Global Initiative ◽  
Virus Strains

AbstractIn this paper, deep learning is coupled with explainable artificial intelligence techniques for the discovery of representative genomic sequences in SARS-CoV-2. A convolutional neural network classifier is first trained on 553 sequences from the National Genomics Data Center repository, separating the genome of different virus strains from the Coronavirus family with 98.73% accuracy. The network’s behavior is then analyzed, to discover sequences used by the model to identify SARS-CoV-2, ultimately uncovering sequences exclusive to it. The discovered sequences are validated on samples from the National Center for Biotechnology Information and Global Initiative on Sharing All Influenza Data repositories, and are proven to be able to separate SARS-CoV-2 from different virus strains with near-perfect accuracy. Next, one of the sequences is selected to generate a primer set, and tested against other state-of-the-art primer sets, obtaining competitive results. Finally, the primer is synthesized and tested on patient samples (n = 6 previously tested positive), delivering a sensitivity similar to routine diagnostic methods, and 100% specificity. The proposed methodology has a substantial added value over existing methods, as it is able to both automatically identify promising primer sets for a virus from a limited amount of data, and deliver effective results in a minimal amount of time. Considering the possibility of future pandemics, these characteristics are invaluable to promptly create specific detection methods for diagnostics.

scholarly journals Future perspectives on swine viral vaccines: where are we headed?

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tanja Opriessnig ◽  
Ashley A. Mattei ◽  
Anbu K. Karuppannan ◽  
Patrick G. Halbur
Keyword(s):  
Fifteenth Century ◽  
Molecular Engineering ◽  
Erysipelothrix Rhusiopathiae ◽  
Herd Health ◽  
Live Virus ◽  
Nucleic Acid Vaccines ◽  
Recent Trends ◽  
Viral Vaccines ◽  
Virus Strains ◽  
British Physician

AbstractDeliberate infection of humans with smallpox, also known as variolation, was a common practice in Asia and dates back to the fifteenth century. The world’s first human vaccination was administered in 1796 by Edward Jenner, a British physician. One of the first pig vaccines, which targeted the bacterium Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae, was introduced in 1883 in France by Louis Pasteur. Since then vaccination has become an essential part of pig production, and viral vaccines in particular are essential tools for pig producers and veterinarians to manage pig herd health. Traditionally, viral vaccines for pigs are either based on attenuated-live virus strains or inactivated viral antigens. With the advent of genomic sequencing and molecular engineering, novel vaccine strategies and tools, including subunit and nucleic acid vaccines, became available and are being increasingly used in pigs. This review aims to summarize recent trends and technologies available for the production and use of vaccines targeting pig viruses.

scholarly journals Virus detection and identification in minutes using single-particle imaging and deep learning

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicolas Shiaelis ◽  
Alexander Tometzki ◽  
Leon Peto ◽  
Andrew McMahon ◽  
Christof Hepp ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Deep Learning ◽  
Single Particle ◽  
Virus Detection ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Promising Alternative ◽  
Detection And Identification ◽  
Particle Imaging ◽  
Single Particle Imaging

AbstractThe increasing frequency and magnitude of viral outbreaks in recent decades, epitomized by the current COVID-19 pandemic, has resulted in an urgent need for rapid and sensitive viral diagnostic methods. Here, we present a methodology for virus detection and identification that uses a convolutional neural network to distinguish between microscopy images of single intact particles of different viruses. Our assay achieves labeling, imaging and virus identification in less than five minutes and does not require any lysis, purification or amplification steps. The trained neural network was able to differentiate SARS-CoV-2 from negative clinical samples, as well as from other common respiratory pathogens such as influenza and seasonal human coronaviruses, with high accuracy. Single-particle imaging combined with deep learning offers a promising alternative to traditional viral diagnostic methods, and has the potential for significant impact.

scholarly journals Primary oral manifestation of Langerhans cell histiocytosis refractory to conventional therapy but susceptible to BRAF-specific treatment: a case report and review of the literature

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 175883591987801 ◽  
Author(s):  
Norbert Neckel ◽  
Andrej Lissat ◽  
Arendt von Stackelberg ◽  
Nadine Thieme ◽  
Mohemed-Salim Doueiri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis ◽  
Young Patients ◽  
Specific Treatment ◽  
Langerhans Cell ◽  
Adequate Treatment ◽  
Oral Manifestation ◽  
Stomatognathic System ◽  
Proper Diagnosis ◽  
Specific Agent

Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) is a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge. We report on a rare case of its primary oral manifestation that was treated successfully with the BRAF-specific agent, vemurafenib, after insufficient standard LCH treatment. This case underlines the importance of proper diagnosis and the evaluation of targeted therapy as a valuable tool in LCH treatment. Furthermore, the close collaboration of surgeons, oncologists, and dentists is mandatory to ensure adequate treatment, restore the stomatognathic system in debilitating post-treatment situations, improve quality of life, and ensure effective disease control in infants and young patients.

Different Subtypes of Anorexia Nervosa in Adolescent Patients

2009 ◽  
Vol 24 (S1) ◽  
pp. 1-1
Author(s):  
C. Zechowski ◽  
I. Namyslowska ◽  
J. Bragoszewska ◽  
M. Witkowska
Keyword(s):  
Adolescent Girls ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Personality Pathology ◽  
Hospital Treatment ◽  
Personality Profile ◽  
Adequate Treatment ◽  
Body Mass Change ◽  
Clinical Observations ◽  
Developmental Impairment ◽  
Proper Diagnosis

Aim:Proper diagnosis and choice of adequate treatment have essential influence on the course and prognosis in eating disorders. Resent research (Thompson-Brenner, Eddy, Satir, Boisseau, Westen 2008) and our clinical practice (Jakubczyk, Zechowski, Namyslowska 2003) has shown that anorectic patients are not homogenous group, and they differ in the character of clinical symptoms and personality profile. Aim of the study is differentiation of anorexic patients on the basis on personality pathology, comorbidity and outcome.Methods:50 hospitalized anorexic adolescent girls (14-19 y.o.) were investigated by SWAP-200-A procedure, EDI, YBOCS, STAI, GAF, Hamilton Scale, Beck Scale, PAS, Developmental Impairment Questionnaire. Authors also assessed parameters of outcome such as a body mass change (kg/BMI), recurrence of menses, pharmacotherapy, kind of therapy preferred by patients and length of hospital treatment.Results:Preliminary results revealed three subgroups of anorexic patients different in personality pathology (well functioning/perfectionist, emotionally deregulated and avoidant), comorbidity and outcome. (Detail description of the study will be presented at the conference).Conclusions:The study confirms clinical observations and the results of other studies that there are three groups of anorexic patients different in clinical symptoms, comorbidity and profiles of personality.

scholarly journals Development of LAMP-HRM for sensitive and specific detection of Phytophthora infestans

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcin Nowicki ◽  
Marzena Nowakowska ◽  
Małgorzata Wrzesińska ◽  
Elżbieta Kozik
Keyword(s):  
Late Blight ◽  
Phytophthora Infestans ◽  
Pathogen Detection ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Analysis Time ◽  
Specific Detection ◽  
Tomato Plants ◽  
Realtime Pcr ◽  
Specific Pathogen

We developed the LAMP-HRM assay for detection of P. infestans in a RealTime PCR machine. Specific pathogen detection was achieved in the 18th minute of the reaction, which, in comparison with other diagnostic methods, shortens the analysis time. For instance, first late blight symptoms after inoculation of tomato plants with P. infestans are manifested only 4-5 dpi. We applied the downstream HRM analyses to estimate the variablility of 96 pathogen isolates, collected from symptomatic tomatoes all over Poland, in the years 2009-2012.

scholarly journals PWM-VSI Diagnostic and Reconfiguration Method Based on Fuzzy Logic Approach for SSTPI-Fed IM Drives under IGBT OCFs

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-18
Author(s):  
Mohamed Ali Zdiri ◽  
Mohsen Ben Ammar ◽  
Fatma Ben Salem ◽  
Hsan Hadj Abdallah
Keyword(s):  
Fuzzy Logic ◽  
Fault Detection ◽  
Diagnostic Method ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Drive System ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Detection And Identification ◽  
Efficient Detection ◽  
Fault Detection And Identification ◽  
Fuzzy Logic Technique

Due to the importance of the drive system reliability, several diagnostic methods have been investigated for the SSTPI-IM association in the literature. Based on the normalized currents and the current vector slope, this paper investigates a fuzzy diagnostic method for this association. The fuzzy logic technique is appealed in order to process the diagnosis variable symptoms and the faulty IGBT information. Indeed, the design, inputs, and rules of the fuzzy logic are distinct compared with the other existing diagnostic methods. The proposed fuzzy diagnostic method allows the best efficient detection and identification of the single and phase OCF of the SSTPI-IM association. Accordingly, after the fault detection and identification using this proposed FLC diagnostic method, a reconfiguration step of IGBT OCFs must be applied in order to compensate for these faults and ensure the drive system continuity. This reconfiguration is based on the change of the SSTPI-IM topology to the FSTPI-IM topology by activating or deactivating the used relays. Several simulation results utilizing a direct RFOC controlled SSTPI-IM drive system are investigated, showing the fuzzy diagnostic and reconfiguration methods’ performances, their robustness, and their fast fault detection during distinct operating conditions.

scholarly journals Specific Detection and Identification of Fusarium graminearum Sensu Stricto Using a PCR-RFLP Tool and Specific Primers Targeting the Translational Elongation Factor 1α Gene

Plant Disease ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 104 (4) ◽  
pp. 1076-1086
Author(s):  
Mohamed Hafez ◽  
Ahmed Abdelmagid ◽  
Lorne R. Adam ◽  
Fouad Daayf
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Graminearum ◽  
Elongation Factor ◽  
Sensu Stricto ◽  
Restriction Pattern ◽  
Head Blight ◽  
Specific Detection ◽  
Fusarium Spp ◽  
Elongation Factor 1Α ◽  
Detection And Identification ◽  
Unique Restriction

Fusarium graminearum is a toxigenic plant pathogen that causes Fusarium head blight (FHB) disease on cereal crops. It has recently shown to have cross-pathogenicity on noncereals (i.e., Fusarium root rot [FRR] on soybean) in Canada and elsewhere. Specific detection and differentiation of this potent toxigenic, trichothecene-producing pathogen among other closely related species is extremely important for disease control and mycotoxin monitoring. Here, we designed a PCR restriction fragment length polymorphism protocol based on the DNA sequence of the translational elongation factor 1α (TEF1α) gene. A unique restriction site to the enzyme HpaII is only found in F. graminearum sensu stricto strains among different Fusarium strains in the F. graminearum species complex (FGSC) and other Fusarium spp. associated with FHB in cereals and FRR in soybean. Partial amplification of the TEF1α gene with newly designed primers mh1/mh2 generated a 459-bp PCR fragment. Restriction digestion of the generated fragments with the HpaII enzyme generated a unique restriction pattern that can rapidly and accurately differentiate F. graminearum sensu stricto among all other Fusarium spp. A primer pair (FgssF/FgssR) specific to F. graminearum sensu stricto also was designed and can distinguish F. graminearum sensu stricto from all other Fusarium spp. in the FGSC and other closely related Fusarium spp. involved in FHB and FRR. This finding will be very useful for the specific detection of F. graminearum sensu stricto for diagnostic purposes as well as for the accurate detection of this pathogen in breeding and other research purposes.

scholarly journals How Frequently Is Asthma Objectively Demonstrated before Starting a Biologic? Quality Assessment of a Group Practice of Allergists and Immunologists

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (24) ◽  
pp. 9482
Author(s):  
Iwona Dziewa ◽  
Timothy Craig ◽  
Taha Al-Shaikhly
Keyword(s):  
Quality Assessment ◽  
Severe Asthma ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Group Practice ◽  
Asthma Diagnosis ◽  
Systemic Corticosteroids ◽  
Quality Assessment Study ◽  
Proper Diagnosis ◽  
And Control ◽  
Current Guidelines

Worldwide, asthma-related healthcare cost remains a major burden. Individuals with severe asthma account for 50% of that cost. Although they are expensive, biologics such as anti-IL5 and anti-IgE agents promise cost-effectiveness when judiciously used to decrease asthma-related hospitalization and the debilitating side effects of systemic corticosteroids. Before considering biologics to treat patients with asthma, current guidelines recommend confirmation of asthma and control of comorbid diseases. Diagnostic confirmation of asthma can be challenging among individuals with severe asthma. In this quality assessment study, we determined the frequency of objective asthma confirmation and addressing of comorbidities prior to starting biologics at a group practice of allergists and immunologists. We surveyed our specialty providers to understand habit(s) leading to the observed results. We identified 40 adult patients who started on biologic modifiers for asthma over the past 5 years. Only 58% of these patients had a proper diagnosis of asthma. Providers underutilized several diagnostic methods that may prove useful in confirming asthma diagnosis in this patient population. The factors contributing to poor asthma control were rarely addressed. A sense of urgency to initiate biologics was the primary reason for the observed results. Further interventions are needed to improve asthma diagnosis and management prior to the initiation of biologic therapeutics.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document