scholarly journals Autonomic Obstacle Detection and Avoidance in MANETs Driven by Cartography Enhanced OLSR

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdelfettah Belghith ◽  
Mohamed Belhassen ◽  
Amine Dhraief ◽  
Nour Elhouda Dougui ◽  
Hassan Mathkour
Keyword(s):  
Routing Protocols ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Obstacle Detection ◽  
High Coverage ◽  
Detection Scheme ◽  
Link State ◽  
Signaling Overhead ◽  
Simulation Results ◽  
Optimized Link State Routing

The presence of obstructing obstacles severely degrades the efficiency of routing protocols in MANETs. To mitigate the effect of these obstructing obstacles, routing in MANETs is usually based on thea prioriknowledge of the obstacle map. In this paper, we investigate rather the dynamic and autonomic detection of obstacles that might stand within the network. This is accomplished using the enhanced cartography optimized link state routing CE-OLSR with no extra signaling overhead. The evaluation of the performance of our proposed detection scheme is accomplished through extensive simulations using OMNET++. Results clearly show the ability of our proposed scheme to accurately delimit the obstacle area with high coverage and efficient precision ratios. Furthermore, we integrated the proposed scheme into CE-OLSR to make it capable of autonomously detecting and avoiding obstacles. Simulation results show the effectiveness of such an integrated protocol that provides the same route validity as that of CE-OLSR-OA which is based on thea prioriknowledge of the obstructing obstacle map.

scholarly journals Hybrid Zoning Algorithm to Optimize Overhead in Smart Mobile Communication

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 53
Author(s):  
Mohammed Souidi ◽  
Ahmed Habbani ◽  
Halim Berradi
Keyword(s):  
Network Topology ◽  
Routing Protocols ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Radio Channel ◽  
Mobile Network ◽  
Link State ◽  
Hoc Networks ◽  
Smart Mobile ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Optimized Link State Routing

With the increase of mobile terminals, routing protocols in wireless communications must provide better quality of service to meet bandwidth and reliability requirements. In networks without infrastructure, such as ad hoc and sensor networks, where a device performs as both a terminal and a router to forward data of other nodes, maintaining the network topology consumes considerable resources in terms of energy and bandwidth. These parameters need to be considered when designing routing protocols for wireless networks. To reduce the cost of the protocol overhead, some algorithms act on the forwarders, while others act on the transmission of messages. Finally, the hybrid ones are a combination of both. In this paper, we propose a new algorithm with two zoning strategies to enhance the performance of mobile network. The first strategy helps to select dispersive forwarders in order to reduce the collision in radio channel. The second strategy aims to reduce the transmission of redundant messages. Both strategies are based on the location information of nodes. We implemented our algorithm in the optimized link state routing protocol, the most used protocol in mobile ad hoc networks. We showed by simulations that our solution reduces drastically the cost of the overhead with no hindrance to the network topology.

scholarly journals Tools for Performance Assessment of OLSR Protocol

2009 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 165-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
Makoto Ikeda ◽  
Leonard Barolli ◽  
Giuseppe De Marco ◽  
Tao Yang ◽  
Arjan Durresi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Performance Assessment ◽  
Packet Loss ◽  
Ad Hoc Network ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
The Other ◽  
Link State ◽  
Environment Effects ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Simulation Results ◽  
Optimized Link State Routing

In this paper, we evaluate the performance of Optimized Link State Routing (OLSR) protocol by experimental and simulation results. The experiments are carried out by using our implemented testbed and the simulations by using ns-2 simulator. We also designed and implemented a new interface for the ad-hoc network testbed in order to make more easier the experiments. The comparison between experimental and simulation results shows that for the same parameters set, in the simulation we did not notice any packet loss. On the other hand, in the experiments we experienced packet loss because of the environment effects and traffic interference.

scholarly journals Enhanced Routing Protocol for VANET

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (9S) ◽  
pp. 555-560
Keyword(s):  
Routing Protocol ◽  
Routing Protocols ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Optimization Techniques ◽  
Link State ◽  
Mobile Adhoc Network ◽  
Adhoc Network ◽  
Manet Routing ◽  
Optimized Link State Routing ◽  
Limited Coverage

A class of networks called VANET(vehicular adhoc network) ,the extension of MANETs(mobile adhoc network) are based on the principle of the formation of wireless network for exchange of data and the creation of network is spontaneous in nature. The mobility constraints, behavior of driver, high speed, limited coverage of wifi, hard delay constraints leads to unique characteristics in VANETS. So the MANET routing protocols are not suitable for VANET. Optimization of routing protocols becomes necessary to make it suitable for VANET. In this paper , various optimized routing protocols are analyzed and their optimization techniques are discussed. Parameters such as end to end delay and energy spent are taken into consideration in order to show the improvement from the routing protocols that are standard protocols. Then a method has been proposed to optimize the fine tuned OLSR (optimized link state routing)protocol with the use of advanced genetic algorithm to further improve the results and to make the protocol more efficient

scholarly journals An Optimized and Efficient Routing Protocol Application for IoV

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-32
Author(s):  
Kiran Afzal ◽  
Rehan Tariq ◽  
Farhan Aadil ◽  
Zeshan Iqbal ◽  
Nouman Ali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Routing Protocol ◽  
Routing Protocols ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Delivery Ratio ◽  
Packet Delivery ◽  
Link State ◽  
On Demand ◽  
Distance Vector ◽  
Optimized Link State Routing ◽  
Better Than

IoV is the latest application of VANET and is the alliance of Internet and IoT. With the rapid progress in technology, people are searching for a traffic environment where they would have maximum collaboration with their surroundings which comprise other vehicles. It has become a necessity to find such a traffic environment where we have less traffic congestion, minimum chances of a vehicular collision, minimum communication delay, fewer communication errors, and a greater message delivery ratio. For this purpose, a vehicular ad hoc network (VANET) was devised where vehicles were communicating with each other in an infrastructureless environment. In VANET, vehicles communicate in an ad hoc manner and communicate with each other to deliver messages, for infotainment purposes or for warning other vehicles about emergency scenarios. Unmanned aerial vehicle- (UAV-) assisted VANET is one of the emerging fields nowadays. For VANET’s routing efficiency, several routing protocols are being used like optimized link state routing (OLSR) protocol, ad hoc on-demand distance vector (AODV) routing protocol, and destination-sequenced distance vector (DSDV) protocol. To meet the need of the upcoming era of artificial intelligence, researchers are working to improve the route optimization problems in VANETs by employing UAVs. The proposed system is based on a model of VANET involving interaction with aerial nodes (UAVs) for efficient data delivery and better performance. Comparisons of traditional routing protocols with UAV-based protocols have been made in the scenario of vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communication. Later on, communication of vehicles via aerial nodes has been studied for the same purpose. The results have been generated through various simulations. After performing extensive simulations by varying different parameters over grid sizes of 300 × 1500 m to 300 × 6000 m, it is evident that although the traditional DSDV routing protocol performs 14% better than drone-assisted destination-sequenced distance vector (DA-DSDV) when we have number of sinks equal to 25, the performance of drone-assisted optimized link state routing (DA-OLSR) protocol is 0.5% better than that of traditional OLSR, whereas drone-assisted ad hoc on-demand distance vector (DA-AODV) performs 22% better than traditional AODV. Moreover, if we increase the number of sinks up to 50, it can be clearly seen that the DA-AODV outperforms the rest of the routing protocols by up to 60% (either traditional routing protocol or drone-assisted routing protocol). In addition, for parameters like MAC/PHY overhead and packet delivery ratio, the performance of our proposed drone-assisted variants of protocols is also better than that of the traditional routing protocols. These results show that our proposed strategy performs better than the traditional VANET protocols and plays important role in minimizing the MAC/PHY and enhancing the average throughput along with average packet delivery ratio.

scholarly journals Latency and energy-efficient multi-hop routing protocol for unmanned aerial vehicle networks

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (8) ◽  
pp. 155014771986639 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdelhamied A Ateya ◽  
Ammar Muthanna ◽  
Irina Gudkova ◽  
Yuliya Gaidamaka ◽  
Abeer D Algarni
Keyword(s):  
Unmanned Aerial Vehicle ◽  
Routing Protocol ◽  
Routing Protocols ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
High Mobility ◽  
Link State ◽  
Proactive Routing ◽  
Vehicle Networks ◽  
Aerial Vehicle ◽  
Optimized Link State Routing

Unmanned aerial vehicle is one of the main announced use cases of 5G/IMT2020, which is expected to have various applications in many fields. These devices have limited capabilities in terms of energy and processing. Due to the complex structure of unmanned aerial vehicle networks and the high mobility constraints, design of efficient routing protocol, for supporting such network, is a challenge. Thus, efficient routing of data among unmanned aerial vehicles between source and destination is an important issue in designing unmanned aerial vehicle networks. Proactive routing protocols are one of the main categories of routing protocols developed for mobile ad hoc networks and vehicular ad hoc networks. Optimized link state routing protocol is one of the most common proactive routing protocols that has been modified to support unmanned aerial vehicle networks, considering high mobility feature of the network. In this work, we propose a latency and energy-efficient proactive routing protocol for dense unmanned aerial vehicle networks, with high-density devices, based on optimized link state routing protocol algorithm, referred to as multi-objective optimized link state routing protocol. The proposed routing protocol is topology aware and can be used for low-latency and high-mobility applications. The proposed multi-objective optimized link state routing protocol routing algorithm considers all modified versions of optimized link state routing protocol and introduces a novel method for selecting multipoint relay nodes that considers the traffic load on the communication channel and the load on each unmanned aerial vehicle node. Moreover, the proposed algorithm considers the communication link stability and the energy constraints. The system is simulated over a reliable environment for various scenarios, and it is compared to the original optimized link state routing protocol and its modified versions. Simulation results indicate that the proposed protocol achieves higher efficiency in terms of latency, energy, and reliability.

scholarly journals IMPACT OF BLACK HOLE ATTACK ON THE PERFORMANCE OF DYNAMIC SOURCE ROUTING AND OPTIMIZED LINK STATE ROUTING PROTOCOLS IN MANETS

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Waqas Khan
Keyword(s):  
Black Hole ◽  
Routing Protocol ◽  
Routing Protocols ◽  
Delivery Ratio ◽  
Mobile Nodes ◽  
Source Routing ◽  
Link State ◽  
Dynamic Source Routing ◽  
Dynamic Source ◽  
Optimized Link State Routing

Mobile Ad-Hoc Networks (MANETs) are a collection of mobile nodes which are free to move from one place to another place without a central control entity. In MANETs the nodes are dependent on each other and the communication among mobile nodes is multi-hop due to which there are security issues in the MANETs protocols. Optimized Link State Routing (OLSR) and Dynamic Source Routing (DSR) protocols are mostly used as proactive and reactive routing protocols in MANETs. This research work analyzed the performance of the OLSR and DSR protocols in the presence and absence of black hole (BH) attack in terms of throughput, end-to-end delay, packet delivery ratio (PDR), and network load in various scenarios using OPNET Modeler 14.5 simulator. The results obtained in this research show that BH attack significantly degrades the performance of both DSR and OLSR protocols but due to the reactive nature of DSR routing protocol the performance is more degraded in DSR routing protocol as compared to OLSR routing protocol in the presence of BH attack.

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