scholarly journals The Two-Way Association of Periodontal Infection with Systemic Disorders: An Overview

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ravinder Nagpal ◽  
Yuichiro Yamashiro ◽  
Yuichi Izumi
Keyword(s):  
Periodontal Diseases ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Systemic Diseases ◽  
Bacterial Populations ◽  
Systemic Complications ◽  
Periodontal Infection ◽  
A Site ◽  
Immunocompromised Hosts ◽  
Metabolic Endotoxemia

Oral cavity that harbors diverse bacterial populations could also act as a site of origin for spread of pathogenic microorganisms to different body sites, particularly in immunocompromised hosts, patients, the elderly, or the underprivileged. A number of recent publications have advocated that patients with periodontal diseases are more susceptible to metabolic endotoxemia, inflammation, obesity, type 2 diabetes, and other related systemic complications, concluding that periodontal diseases could be a potential contributing risk factor for a wide array of clinically important systemic diseases. However, despite a significant increase in the prevalence of periodontal infections and systemic diseases in the past few decades, the fundamental biological mechanisms of connection between these ailments are still not fully explicated. Consequently, the mechanisms by which this bidirectional damage occurs are being explored with a concentric vision to develop strategies that could prevent or control the complications of these ailments. This paper attempts to summarize and hypothesize the diverse mechanisms that hint to a certain connection between the two prevalent chronic situations.

scholarly journals Vascular Changes and Hypoxia in Periodontal Disease as a Link to Systemic Complications

Pathogens ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 1280
Author(s):  
Dilek Celik ◽  
Alpdogan Kantarci
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Periodontal Diseases ◽  
Vascular Network ◽  
Oral Microbiome ◽  
Control Mechanisms ◽  
Vascular Changes ◽  
Systemic Complications ◽  
Periodontal Inflammation ◽  
Periodontal Infection ◽  
Systemic Complication

The hypoxic microenvironment caused by oral pathogens is the most important cause of the disruption of dynamic hemostasis between the oral microbiome and the immune system. Periodontal infection exacerbates the inflammatory response with increased hypoxia and causes vascular changes. The chronicity of inflammation becomes systemic as a link between oral and systemic diseases. The vascular network plays a central role in controlling infection and regulating the immune response. In this review, we focus on the local and systemic vascular network change mechanisms of periodontal inflammation and the pathological processes of inflammatory diseases. Understanding how the vascular network influences the pathology of periodontal diseases and the systemic complication associated with this pathology is essential for the discovery of both local and systemic proactive control mechanisms.

Complex treatment of periodontitis: patient’s reaction to the therapy

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 97-100
Author(s):  
A. K. Iordanishvili ◽  
V. A. Guk ◽  
A. A. Golovko
Keyword(s):  
Elderly People ◽  
Periodontal Diseases ◽  
Personal Characteristics ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Comprehensive Treatment ◽  
Complex Treatment ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Aged People ◽  
Dental Rehabilitation ◽  
Success Of Treatment

Relevance. The success of treatment of periodontal diseases directly depends on the patient’s response to the therapy, therefore, the characteristics of the person’s personal characteristics can affect both the effectiveness of treatment and the prevention of relapse of the disease.Purpose. To study the features of the internal picture of the disease in the process of complex treatment of adult patients suffering from chronic generalized periodontitis.Materials and methods. The generally accepted comprehensive treatment of chronic generalized periodontitis in 69 middle-aged and elderly men was carried out taking into account the personal response of patients Solovyov «Psychosensory-anatomical-functional maladaptation syndrome».Results. When patients were discharged from the hospital, there was a difference in the phenomena of maladaptation among the elderly and middle-aged: in middle-aged people, sufficient adaptation to the conditions of existence was determined; in elderly people, due to the existing comorbid pathology, a state of maladaptation was diagnosed, which was caused by the presence of complaints of defects in the dentition.Conclusion. In elderly people, as soon as possible after completion of treatment in a hospital, dental rehabilitation cannot be considered completed, which requires the adoption of organizational measures for their timely provision of dentures.

Microbiological substantiation of application of phytopreparations in treatment of inflammatory periodontal diseases

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 196-202 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. A. Abdurakhmanova ◽  
G. S. Runova ◽  
M. S. Podporin ◽  
E. V. Tsareva ◽  
E. V. Ippolitov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tooth Loss ◽  
Periodontal Diseases ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Herbal Medicines ◽  
Growth Dynamics ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Bacterial Populations ◽  
Streptococcus Constellatus ◽  
Urgent Task

Relevance: Inflammatory-destructive periodontal diseases are the most complicated and became the main cause of tooth loss in adult population. Herbal medicines have a variety of pharmacological properties, so the development and introduction of new forms for the treatment of inflammatory periodontal diseases is an urgent task today.Purpose – experimental evaluation of effectiveness of the use of herbal medicines “Tonzinal” and “CM-1” in relation to the priority periodontal pathogenes.Materials and methods: in experimental studies, the basis for the experiment was the system for the cultivation of microorganisms in real time – the Revers-Spinner RTS-1 bioreactor. With the priority strains of periodontitis pathogens, the study of the growth dynamics of the culture was carried out in several parallels.Results: herbal medicines “CM-1” and “Tonsinal” has a multilateral therapeutic effect, exerting a diverse influence on the key stages of development of such bacterial populations as Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Streptococcus constellatus, Candida albicans.Conclusion: tan integrated approach in the treatment of patients with inflammatory periodontal diseases is promising and will contribute to a more prolonged remission and increase the effectiveness of treatment. 

Systemic Diseases and the Elderly

Dental Update ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 37 (9) ◽  
pp. 604-607 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christine McCreary ◽  
Richeal Ní Ríordáin
Keyword(s):  
The Elderly ◽  
Systemic Diseases

scholarly journals A Narrative Review on Sarcopenia in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Prevalence and Associated Factors

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 183
Author(s):  
Anna Izzo ◽  
Elena Massimino ◽  
Gabriele Riccardi ◽  
Giuseppe Della Pepa
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Elderly Population ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Narrative Review ◽  
Macrovascular Complications ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Age Related

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) represents a major health burden for the elderly population, affecting approximately 25% of people over the age of 65 years. This percentage is expected to increase dramatically in the next decades in relation to the increased longevity of the population observed in recent years. Beyond microvascular and macrovascular complications, sarcopenia has been described as a new diabetes complication in the elderly population. Increasing attention has been paid by researchers and clinicians to this age-related condition—characterized by loss of skeletal muscle mass together with the loss of muscle power and function—in individuals with T2DM; this is due to the heavy impact that sarcopenia may have on physical and psychosocial health of diabetic patients, thus affecting their quality of life. The aim of this narrative review is to provide an update on: (1) the risk of sarcopenia in individuals with T2DM, and (2) its association with relevant features of patients with T2DM such as age, gender, body mass index, disease duration, glycemic control, presence of microvascular or macrovascular complications, nutritional status, and glucose-lowering drugs. From a clinical point of view, it is necessary to improve the ability of physicians and dietitians to recognize early sarcopenia and its risk factors in patients with T2DM in order to make appropriate therapeutic approaches able to prevent and treat this condition.

scholarly journals Impact of SGLT2 Inhibitors on Heart Failure: From Pathophysiology to Clinical Effects

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (11) ◽  
pp. 5863
Author(s):  
Giuseppe Palmiero ◽  
Arturo Cesaro ◽  
Erica Vetrano ◽  
Pia Clara Pafundi ◽  
Raffaele Galiero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Glucose Transporter ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Intracellular Sodium ◽  
Clinical Effects ◽  
Glucose Lowering ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Glucose Transporter 2 ◽  
Function Impairment

Heart failure (HF) affects up to over 20% of patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM), even more in the elderly. Although, in T2DM, both hyperglycemia and the proinflammatory status induced by insulin resistance are crucial in cardiac function impairment, SGLT2i cardioprotective mechanisms against HF are several. In particular, these beneficial effects seem attributable to the significant reduction of intracellular sodium levels, well-known to exert a cardioprotective role in the prevention of oxidative stress and consequent cardiomyocyte death. From a molecular perspective, patients’ exposure to gliflozins’ treatment mimics nutrient and oxygen deprivation, with consequent autophagy stimulation. This allows to maintain the cellular homeostasis through different degradative pathways. Thus, since their introduction in the clinical practice, the hypotheses on SGLT2i mechanisms of action have changed: from simple glycosuric drugs, with consequent glucose lowering, erythropoiesis enhancing and ketogenesis stimulating, to intracellular sodium-lowering molecules. This provides their consequent cardioprotective effect, which justifies its significant reduction in CV events, especially in populations at higher risk. Finally, the updated clinical evidence of SGLT2i benefits on HF was summarized. Thus, this review aimed to analyze the cardioprotective mechanisms of sodium glucose transporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) in patients with HF, as well as their clinical impact on cardiovascular events.

scholarly journals Rational Use of Protein Supplements in the Elderly—Relevance of Gastrointestinal Mechanisms

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 1227
Author(s):  
Ian Chapman ◽  
Avneet Oberoi ◽  
Caroline Giezenaar ◽  
Stijn Soenen
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Older People ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Time Intervals ◽  
Lower Blood Glucose ◽  
Protein Supplements ◽  
Protein Requirements ◽  
Lower Blood ◽  
Older Subjects

Protein supplements are increasingly used by older people to maintain nutrition and prevent or treat loss of muscle function. Daily protein requirements in older people are in the range of 1.2 gm/kg/day or higher. Many older adults do not consume this much protein and are likely to benefit from higher consumption. Protein supplements are probably best taken twice daily, if possible soon after exercise, in doses that achieve protein intakes of 30 gm or more per episode. It is probably not important to give these supplements between meals, as we have shown no suppressive effects of 30 gm whey drinks, and little if any suppression of 70 gm given to older subjects at varying time intervals from meals. Many gastrointestinal mechanisms controlling food intake change with age, but their contributions to changes in responses to protein are not yet well understood. There may be benefits in giving the supplement with rather than between meals, to achieve protein intakes above the effective anabolic threshold with lower supplement doses, and have favourable effects on food-induced blood glucose increases in older people with, or at risk of developing, type 2 diabetes mellitus; combined protein and glucose drinks lower blood glucose compared with glucose alone in older people.

scholarly journals The effect of pharmaceutical care in the elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
Win Myat Maw ◽  
Mi Mi Saw ◽  
Theingi Kyaw ◽  
Khin Ohnmar Kyaing ◽  
Zaw Min Latt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Elderly Patients ◽  
Pharmaceutical Care ◽  
The Elderly

Special considerations for treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus in the elderly

2011 ◽  
Vol 68 (6) ◽  
pp. 500-509 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michelle A. Fravel ◽  
Deanna L. McDanel ◽  
Mary B. Ross ◽  
Kevin G. Moores ◽  
Mary J. Starry
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
The Elderly
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