scholarly journals The Modified JiuWei QiangHuo Decoction Alleviated Severe Lung Injury Induced by H1N1 Influenza Virus by Regulating the NF-κB Pathway in Mice

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lijuan Chen ◽  
Xin Yan ◽  
Qianlin Yan ◽  
Jiajun Fan ◽  
Hai Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Influenza Virus ◽  
Lung Injury ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
H1n1 Virus ◽  
Alternative Therapy ◽  
Severe Pneumonia ◽  
H1n1 Influenza ◽  
Influenza A H1n1 ◽  
Lung Injuries ◽  
Severe Lung

A new approach to treat infections of highly pathogenic influenza virus is to inhibit excessive innate immune response. JiuWei QiangHuo decoction has been used for centuries for the treatment of pulmonary disorders in China. In this study, we evaluated the anti-inflammatory activities of the modified JiuWei QiangHuo (MJWQH) decoction in the treatment of influenza A (H1N1) virus-induced severe pneumonia in mice. The results showed that MJWQH significantly increased the survival rate of H1N1-infected mice and suppressed the production of TNF-α, IL-1, IL-6, MCP-1, RANTES, and IFN-αon day 4 after infection. Moreover, oral administration of MJWQH efficiently inhibited virus replication and alleviated the severity of lung injuries. The results also showed that MJWQH may have potential therapeutic effect on severe lung injury induced by H1N1 virus by regulating the NF-κB pathway. Our study suggested that MJWQH might be an alternative therapy for the treatment of viral pneumonia.

scholarly journals Contemporary Seasonal Influenza A (H1N1) Virus Infection Primes for a More Robust Response To Split Inactivated Pandemic Influenza A (H1N1) Virus Vaccination in Ferrets

2010 ◽  
Vol 17 (12) ◽  
pp. 1998-2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali H. Ellebedy ◽  
Thomas P. Fabrizio ◽  
Ghazi Kayali ◽  
Thomas H. Oguin ◽  
Scott A. Brown ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Influenza Virus ◽  
Pandemic Influenza ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
Seasonal Influenza ◽  
H1n1 Virus ◽  
H1n1 Influenza ◽  
Influenza Viruses ◽  
Inactivated Vaccine ◽  
H1n1 Influenza Virus ◽  
Influenza A H1n1

ABSTRACT Human influenza pandemics occur when influenza viruses to which the population has little or no immunity emerge and acquire the ability to achieve human-to-human transmission. In April 2009, cases of a novel H1N1 influenza virus in children in the southwestern United States were reported. It was retrospectively shown that these cases represented the spread of this virus from an ongoing outbreak in Mexico. The emergence of the pandemic led to a number of national vaccination programs. Surprisingly, early human clinical trial data have shown that a single dose of nonadjuvanted pandemic influenza A (H1N1) 2009 monovalent inactivated vaccine (pMIV) has led to a seroprotective response in a majority of individuals, despite earlier studies showing a lack of cross-reactivity between seasonal and pandemic H1N1 viruses. Here we show that previous exposure to a contemporary seasonal H1N1 influenza virus and to a lesser degree a seasonal influenza virus trivalent inactivated vaccine is able to prime for a higher antibody response after a subsequent dose of pMIV in ferrets. The more protective response was partially dependent on the presence of CD8+ cells. Two doses of pMIV were also able to induce a detectable antibody response that provided protection from subsequent challenge. These data show that previous infection with seasonal H1N1 influenza viruses likely explains the requirement for only a single dose of pMIV in adults and that vaccination campaigns with the current pandemic influenza vaccines should reduce viral burden and disease severity in humans.

scholarly journals Next Generation of Computationally Optimized Broadly Reactive HA Vaccines Elicited Cross-Reactive Immune Responses and Provided Protection against H1N1 Virus Infection

Vaccines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 793
Author(s):  
Ying Huang ◽  
Monique S. França ◽  
James D. Allen ◽  
Hua Shi ◽  
Ted M. Ross
Keyword(s):  
Influenza Virus ◽  
Virus Infection ◽  
Immune Responses ◽  
H1n1 Virus ◽  
Influenza Virus Infection ◽  
H1n1 Influenza ◽  
Influenza Viruses ◽  
Next Generation ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Influenza A H1n1

Vaccination is the best way to prevent influenza virus infections, but the diversity of antigenically distinct isolates is a persistent challenge for vaccine development. In order to conquer the antigenic variability and improve influenza virus vaccine efficacy, our research group has developed computationally optimized broadly reactive antigens (COBRAs) in the form of recombinant hemagglutinins (rHAs) to elicit broader immune responses. However, previous COBRA H1N1 vaccines do not elicit immune responses that neutralize H1N1 virus strains in circulation during the recent years. In order to update our COBRA vaccine, two new candidate COBRA HA vaccines, Y2 and Y4, were generated using a new seasonal-based COBRA methodology derived from H1N1 isolates that circulated during 2013–2019. In this study, the effectiveness of COBRA Y2 and Y4 vaccines were evaluated in mice, and the elicited immune responses were compared to those generated by historical H1 COBRA HA and wild-type H1N1 HA vaccines. Mice vaccinated with the next generation COBRA HA vaccines effectively protected against morbidity and mortality after infection with H1N1 influenza viruses. The antibodies elicited by the COBRA HA vaccines were highly cross-reactive with influenza A (H1N1) pdm09-like viruses isolated from 2009 to 2021, especially with the most recent circulating viruses from 2019 to 2021. Furthermore, viral loads in lungs of mice vaccinated with Y2 and Y4 were dramatically reduced to low or undetectable levels, resulting in minimal lung injury compared to wild-type HA vaccines following H1N1 influenza virus infection.

HA1-2-fljB Vaccine Induces Immune Responses against Pandemic Swine-Origin H1N1 Influenza Virus in Mice

2016 ◽  
Vol 26 (6) ◽  
pp. 422-432 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xilong Kang ◽  
Yun Yang ◽  
Yang Jiao ◽  
Hongqin Song ◽  
Li Song ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Influenza Virus ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
H1n1 Virus ◽  
Influenza Virus Infection ◽  
Candidate Vaccine ◽  
Major Barrier ◽  
Excellent Starting Point ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Influenza A H1n1 ◽  
N Terminus

In 2009, a novel pandemic swine-origin influenza A (H1N1) virus caused a public emergency of international concern. Vaccination is the primary strategy for the control of influenza epidemics. However, the poor immunopotency of many vaccine antigens is a major barrier to the development of effective vaccines against influenza. Flagellin, a Toll-like receptor 5 (TLR5) ligand, has been used as an adjuvant to enhance the immunopotency of vaccines in preclinical studies. Here, we developed a recombinant candidate vaccine, HA1-2-fljB, in which the globular head of the hemagglutinin (HA) antigen (residues 62-284) from H1N1 virus was fused genetically to the N-terminus of <i>Salmonella typhimurium</i> &#xFB02;jB. The recombinant HA1-2-fljB protein was expressed efficiently in<i> Escherichia coli</i>, and the immunogenicity and protective efficacy of recombinant HA1-2-fljB were evaluated in a mouse model. Immunization with HA1-2-fljB elicited robust IgG antibodies and neutralizing antibodies and completely protected the mice against infection by swine-origin influenza A/swine/Jangsu/38/2010 (H1N1). These results suggest that HA antigen placed at the N-terminus of flagellin is also an excellent starting point for creating a fusion HA1-2-fljB protein as a candidate vaccine, and the recombinant HA1-2-fljB protein will contribute to the development of a more effective vaccine against swine-origin influenza virus infection.

scholarly journals A comparison of live and inactivated influenza A (H1N1) virus vaccines: Short-term immunity

1983 ◽  
Vol 90 (3) ◽  
pp. 351-359 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Clark ◽  
C. W. Potter ◽  
R. Jennings ◽  
J. P. Nicholl ◽  
A. F. Langrick ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Influenza Virus ◽  
Antibody Response ◽  
Surface Antigen ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
Serum Antibody ◽  
H1n1 Influenza ◽  
Live Attenuated Vaccine ◽  
Challenge Virus ◽  
Influenza A H1n1 ◽  
Aqueous Surface

SUMMARYGroups of volunteers were immunized subcutaneously with one of three inacti vated influenza virus A/USSR/77 (HlNl) vaccine preparations; a whole virus vaccine, a surface-antigen subunit adsorbed vaccine, or an aqueous surface-antigen subunit vaccine. The reactions to immunization were recorded, and the antibody response was measured 1 month later. A fourth group of volunteers were inoculated intranasally with live attentuated A/USSR/77 (H1N1) influenza virus; the reactions and antibody response of these volunteers were also measured. One month after immunization, the incidence of infection by challenge with homologous live attentuated virus was determined for all groups of volunteers. The results showed that all four vaccines used were relatively non-reactogenic, and that inactivated vaccines induced higher titres of serum antibody than the live attenuated vaccine. All the vaccines induced significant protection against challenge virus infection which was directly related to the level of serum HI antibody response.

Inflammatory profiles in severe pneumonia associated with the pandemic influenza A/H1N1 virus isolated in Mexico City

Autoimmunity ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 44 (7) ◽  
pp. 562-570 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joaquín Zúñiga ◽  
Martha Torres ◽  
Javier Romo ◽  
Diana Torres ◽  
Luis Jiménez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mexico City ◽  
Pandemic Influenza ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
H1n1 Virus ◽  
Severe Pneumonia ◽  
Influenza A H1n1

scholarly journals IL-17 response mediates acute lung injury induced by the 2009 Pandemic Influenza A (H1N1) Virus

Cell Research ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 528-538 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chenggang Li ◽  
Penghui Yang ◽  
Yang Sun ◽  
Taisheng Li ◽  
Chen Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Lung Injury ◽  
Lung Injury ◽  
Pandemic Influenza ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
H1n1 Virus ◽  
Influenza A H1n1

scholarly journals Aggressive fluid accumulation is associated with acute kidney injury and mortality in a cohort of patients with severe pneumonia caused by influenza A H1N1 virus

PLoS ONE ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. e0192592 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gustavo Alejandro Casas-Aparicio ◽  
Isabel León-Rodríguez ◽  
Rafael de Jesús Hernández-Zenteno ◽  
Manuel Castillejos-López ◽  
Claudia Alvarado-de la Barrera ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Kidney Injury ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
H1n1 Virus ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Severe Pneumonia ◽  
Fluid Accumulation ◽  
Influenza A H1n1

scholarly journals Quantifying the mortality caused by the H1N1 influenza virus during the 2009 pandemic in Mexico

2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (06) ◽  
pp. 742-748 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eusebio Perez-Flores ◽  
Juan Carlos Izquierdo-Puente ◽  
Jose Juan Castillo-Perez ◽  
Gustavo Ramírez-Rosales ◽  
Israel Grijalva-Otero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Influenza Virus ◽  
Cause Of Death ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
H1n1 Influenza ◽  
The United States ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Death Certificates ◽  
Influenza A H1n1 ◽  
Uniform Probability Distribution ◽  
Source Of Error

Introduction: The frequency and mortality of the pandemic caused by influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 might have been underestimated, especially in developing countries. This study was designed to quantify the possible underestimation of pandemic influenza mortality and evaluate the concordance between the data reported for A(H1N1)pdm09 mortality and the causes of death reported during the pandemic period of April 2009 to February 2010. Methodology: The death certificates of 754 confirmed cases of A(H1N1)pdm09 infection were included in the study. Data was analyzed using the United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s statistical model accounts for the variability in the proportion at each step using the Monte Carlo probabilistic model sampled from a uniform probability distribution. Results: A total of 1,969 deaths were estimated, with an estimated lethality of 5.53 per 100,000 (range, 3.5-8.76 per 100,000) in contrast with the 754 deaths and a lethality of 1.98 per 100,000 infected patients officially reported. In 631 of 754 (83.7%) death certificates from A(H1N1)pdm09 influenza-positive patients, influenza was not mentioned as a cause of death. Conclusions: It is possible that the mortality of the pandemic was three times higher than officially reported in Mexico. One source of error that could explain this underestimation is in the completion of death certificates, because in > 80% of confirmed cases of infection with influenza virus, it was not reported as the cause of death.

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