scholarly journals Quantum Sized Zinc Oxide Immobilized on Bentonite Clay and Degradation of C.I. Acid Red 35 in Aqueous under Ultraviolet Light

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hang Xu ◽  
Dandan Zhang ◽  
Airong Xu ◽  
Fengmin Wu ◽  
Renqiang Cao
Keyword(s):  
Ultraviolet Light ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Bentonite Clay ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Nano Zno ◽  
Composite Photocatalyst ◽  
X Ray ◽  
First Order ◽  
First Order Kinetics ◽  
Transmission Electron

Nano-ZnO supported on bentonite was prepared to form composite photocatalyst by sol-gel method. The photocatalyst was analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and transmission electron microscope (TEM). C.I. Acid Red 35 was used as simulating contaminant to be treated by ultraviolet light synergistic with nano-ZnO/bentonite. The results show that 5.7 nm ZnO particle was acquired and uniformly dispersed on the surface of the bentonite at calcination temperature of 200°C. The removal of C.I. Acid Red 35 could reach 84.9% after 200 min under optimum ZnO/bentonite dosage of 0.6 g L−1. The 60% ZnO content in ZnO/bentonite composite exhibited a great photocatalytic activity to treat C.I. Acid Red 35. The photocatalytic process followed pseudo-first-order kinetics and the best apparent rate constant was 0.00927 min−1with correlation coefficient (R2) of above 0.98.

Photocatalytic Degradation of Reactive Brilliant Blue KN-R by N, Fe- TiO2/FFA

2011 ◽  
Vol 183-185 ◽  
pp. 2028-2031
Author(s):  
Gui Rong Wang
Keyword(s):  
Ph Value ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Dip Coating ◽  
Brilliant Blue ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
First Order ◽  
Operation Conditions ◽  
First Order Kinetics ◽  
Fe Ions

TiO2 photocatalyst modified by N and Fe ions was loaded on self-made fly ash forming adsorbent (FFA) using the sol-gel dip-coating process. The crystal structure and photoadsorption ability was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and UV-Vis spectrophotometer, respectively. The photo catalytic degradation of Reactive Brilliant Blue KN-R using N, Fe-TiO2/FFA was examined. Effects of initial dye concentration, pH value and hydrogen peroxide dosage on degradation were studied. The degradation of the organic molecule followed a pseudo-first-order kinetics according to the Langmuir model. Under the optimum operation conditions, 30 mg/L KN-R could be decolorized over 97.47% within 75 min.

Effect of Calcinations on Characterizations of Fabricated Nano Manganese Ferrite

2013 ◽  
Vol 634-638 ◽  
pp. 2150-2154 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rita Sundari ◽  
Tang Ing Hua ◽  
M. Rusli Yosfiah
Keyword(s):  
Sol Gel ◽  
Volatile Components ◽  
Manganese Ferrite ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Reflectance Analysis ◽  
Transmission Electron Microscope Analysis ◽  
Electron Microscope Analysis ◽  
Nano Size

A citric acid anionic surfactant has been applied for nano manganese ferrite (MnFeO3) fabrication using sol gel method. The calcinations have been varied for 300, 600 and 800oC. The UVDR (UV-Vis Diffused Reflectance) analysis shows a high absorptive band gap after 400 nm for the 600oC calcinated MnFeO3. The DTA (Differential Thermal Analysis) profiles exhibit remarkably trapped volatile matters (H2O, CO2, and NO2) in the fabricated MnFeO3 under sol gel heat treatment at 100oC and the peaks disappeared as the calcination increased to 600oC. As the temperature elevated from 100 to 300oC, the absorption peaks of volatile components are disappeared as demonstrated clearly by the FTIR (Fourier Transform Infrared) spectra of the fabricated material, which 3393 cm-1 corresponded to OH group, 1624 cm-1 to CO group, and 1384 cm-1 to NO group. The XRD (X-Ray Diffraction) spectra show clearly the alteration process from amorphous to crystalline structure as the calcinations increased from 300 to 600oC. In addition, the TEM (Transmission Electron Microscope) analysis exhibits parts of the fabricated MnFeO3 found in cubic nano size of 15-40 nm under interested calcinations and the result is in agreement with that obtained by XRD investigation.

FeYO3@rGO nanocomposites: Synthesis, characterization and application in photooxidative degradation of atrazine under visible light

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 706-716
Author(s):  
Nada D. Al-Khthami ◽  
Tariq Altalhi ◽  
Mohammed Alsawat ◽  
Mohamed S. Amin ◽  
Yousef G. Alghamdi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visible Light ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Bandgap Energy ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Reduced Graphene ◽  
Structural Surface ◽  
Adsorption Desorption

Different organic pollutants have been remediated photo catalytically by applying perovskite photocatalysts. Atrazine (ATR) is a pesticide commonly detected as a pollutant in drinking, surface and ground water. Herein, FeYO3@rGO heterojunction was synthesized and applied for photooxidation decomposition of ATR. First, FeYO 3nanoparticles (NPs) were prepared via routine sol-gel. After that, FeYO3 NPs were successfully incorporated with different percentages (5, 10, 15 and 20 wt.%) of reduced graphene oxide (rGO) in the synthesis of novel FeYO3@rGO photocatalyst. Morphological, structural, surface, optoelectrical and optical characteristics of constructed materials were identified via X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), adsorption/desorption isotherms, diffusive reflectance (DR) spectra, and photoluminescence response (PL). Furthermore, photocatalytic achievement of the constructed materials was evaluated via photooxidative degradation of ATR. Various investigations affirmed the usefulness of rGO incorporation on the advancement of formed photocatalysts. Actually, novel nanocomposite containing rGO (15 wt.%) possessed diminished bandgap energy, as well as magnified visible light absorption. Furthermore, such nanocomposite presented exceptional photocatalytic achievement when exposed to visible light as ATR was perfectly photooxidized over finite amount (1.6 g · L-1) from the optimized photocatalyst when illuminated for 30 min. The advanced photocatalytic performance of constructed heterojunctions could be accredited mainly to depressed recombination amid induced charges. The constructed FeYO3@rGO nanocomposite is labelled as efficient photocatalyst for remediation of herbicides from aquatic environments.

scholarly journals Effect of Preheating Temperature on Synthesis of Pure BiFeO3 via Sol–Gel Method

Nanopages ◽  
2019 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
G. M. Taha ◽  
M. N. Rashed ◽  
M. S. El-Sadek ◽  
M. A. Moghazy
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Transmission Electron Microscope ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Pure Bifeo3 ◽  
Gel Method ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Sol Gel Method ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Preheating Temperature

Abstract BiFeO3 (BFO) nanopowder was synthesized in a pure form via a sol- gel method based on glycol gel reaction. Effect of drying and preheating temperature on preventing other phases was studied. Many parameters were studied as calcination temperature and time & stirring temperature as well. The prepared powder was characterized by X-Ray Diffraction of powder (XRD) and Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM). High pure BiFeO3 was obtained by preheated process at 400 °C for 0.5 h and calcination at 600 °C for 0.5 h without any impurities compared to dry at110 °C.

scholarly journals Copper oxide supported on graphene for phodegradation of rhodamine B

2015 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nurul Sahida Hassan ◽  
Nurul Jamilah Roslani ◽  
Aishah Abdul Jalil ◽  
Sugeng Triwahyono ◽  
Nur Fatien Salleh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Photocatalytic Activity ◽  
Copper Oxide ◽  
Photocatalytic Degradation ◽  
Rhodamine B ◽  
Industrial Wastewater ◽  
Water Contamination ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Composite Photocatalyst ◽  
X Ray ◽  
First Order

In recent years, dyes are one of the major sources of the water contamination that lead to environmental problems. For instance, Rhodamine B (RhB) which was extensively used as a colorant in textile industries is toxic and carcinogenic. Among many techniques, photocatalytic degradation become the promising one to remove those dyes from industrial wastewater. Recently, graphene has shown outstanding performance in this application due to its intrinsic electron delocalisation which promotes electron transport between composite photocatalyst and pollutant molecules. While, copper oxide (CuO) is well-known has a lower bandgap energies compared to other semiconductors. Therefore, in this study, copper oxide supported on graphene (CuO/G) was prepared and its photocatalytic activity was tested on degradation of RhB. The catalysts were characterized by X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) and Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) Spectroscopy. The results showed that the interaction between copper and graphene support could enhance the photocatalytic activity. The 5 wt% CuO/G was found to give the highest degradation (95%) of 10 mg L-1 of RhB solution at pH 7 using 1 g L-1 catalyst after 4 hours under visible light irradiation. The photodegradation followed the pseudo first-order Langmuir-Hinshelwood kinetic model. This study demonstrated that the CuO/G has a potential to be used in photocatalytic degradation of various organic pollutants.

Low-Temperature Synthesis of Nano-Crystalline ZnTiO3 Powders by Aqueous Sol-Gel Process

2014 ◽  
Vol 543-547 ◽  
pp. 3741-3744
Author(s):  
Quan Jing Mei ◽  
Cong Ying Li ◽  
Jing Dong Guo ◽  
Gui Wang ◽  
Hai Tao Wu
Keyword(s):  
Sol Gel ◽  
Zinc Nitrate ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Low Temperature Synthesis ◽  
Temperature Synthesis ◽  
Calcination Process ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Nano Crystalline ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Sol Gel Process

The ecandrewsite-type ZnTiO3was successfully synthesized by the aqueous sol-gel method using TiO2dioxide and zinc nitrate as starting materials instead of expensive organic solvent and metal alkoxides. The as-prepared nanopowders were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), differential thermal analysis (DTA) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM), respectively. The results showed that the calcination process of gel consisted of a series of oxidation and combustion reactions, accompanied by significantly exothermal effects. Highly reactive nanosized ZnTiO3powders were successfully obtained at 850 °C with particle size ~50 nm. By comparison, the aqueous sol-gel process was the most effective and least expensive technique used for the preparation of ZnTiO3nanopowders.

Photocatalytic Efficiency for Dye Decolorization of the UV/TiO2, UV/TiO2 + In2O3 and UV/TiO2-In2O3 Systems

2013 ◽  
Vol 831 ◽  
pp. 263-266
Author(s):  
Chung Hsin Wu ◽  
Chao Yin Kuo ◽  
Chih Hao Lai ◽  
Wei Yang Chung
Keyword(s):  
Specific Surface ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Specific Surface Area ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Dye Decolorization ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
First Order ◽  
First Order Kinetics ◽  
Vis Spectroscopy ◽  
Reactive Red 2

This study explored the decolorization of C.I. Reactive Red 2 (RR2) by the ultraviolet (UV)/TiO2, UV/TiO2 + In2O3, and UV/TiO2-In2O3 systems. The TiO2-In2O3 was generated by the sol-gel method and TiO2 + In2O3 was created by mixing TiO2 and In2O3 powders. The surface properties of TiO2, In2O3, and TiO2-In2O3 were analyzed by X-ray diffraction, a specific surface area analyzer, UV-vis spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy. The specific surface area of TiO2, In2O3, and TiO2-In2O3 was 29.5, 44.6, and 35.7 m2/g, respectively; additionally, the band gap of TiO2, In2O3, and TiO2-In2O3 was 2.95, 2.64, and 2.91 eV; respectively. The decolorization rate constant fit pseudo-first-order kinetics and that of the UV/TiO2, UV/TiO2 + In2O3, and UV/TiO2-In2O3 systems was 0.0023, 0.0031, and 0.0072 min-1; respectively.

scholarly journals Ultrasound enhanced heterogeneous activation of peroxymonosulfate by a Co-NiOx catalyst

2017 ◽  
Vol 76 (6) ◽  
pp. 1436-1446 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chenmo Wei ◽  
Jing Zhang ◽  
Yongli Zhang ◽  
Gucheng Zhang ◽  
Peng Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Maximum Efficiency ◽  
Acid Orange 7 ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Surface Hydroxyl ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Initial Ph ◽  
Reactive Oxidant

Sulfate radical-based advanced oxidation processes have had considerable attention due to the highly oxidizing function of sulfate radicals (SO4−·) resulting in acceleration of organic pollutants degradation in aqueous environments. A Co-Ni mixed oxide nanocatalyst, which was prepared by the sol-gel method, was employed to activate peroxymonosulfate (PMS, HSO5−) to produce SO4−· with Acid Orange 7 (AO7) selected as a radical probe. The catalyst was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The characterization results indicated that the ingredient of the catalyst had been changed and the amount of surface hydroxyl increased significantly with the addition of Ni. Therefore, it proved that Co-NiOx catalyst was more effective than CoOx to activate PMS. Moreover, ultrasound (US) can increase the degradation rate of AO7 and US/Co-NiOx/PMS system. This study also focused on some synthesis parameters and the system reached the maximum efficiency under the condition when [PMS] = 0.4 mM, [catalyst] = 0.28 g/L, Pus = 200 W. The AO7 removal in these systems follows first order kinetics. Last but not least, quenching studies was conducted which indicated that the amount of hydroxyl radicals (·OH) increases with the increase of initial pH and SO4−· was the primary reactive oxidant for AO7 degradation.

scholarly journals ZnFe2O4-TiO2Nanoparticles within Mesoporous MCM-41

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aidong Tang ◽  
Yuehua Deng ◽  
Jiao Jin ◽  
Huaming Yang
Keyword(s):  
Sol Gel ◽  
Rutile Phase ◽  
Band Gap Energy ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Agglomeration Of Nanoparticles ◽  
Adsorption Desorption ◽  
Mcm 41

A novel nanocomposite ZnFe2O4-TiO2/MCM-41 (ZTM) was synthesized by a sol-gel method and characterized through X-ray diffraction (XRD), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), N2adsorption-desorption, Raman spectroscopy, and ultraviolet visible (UV-vis) spectrophotometry. The results confirmed the incorporation of ZnFe2O4-TiO2nanoparticles inside the pores of the mesoporous MCM-41 host without destroying its integrity. ZnFe2O4nanoparticles can inhibit the transformation of anatase into rutile phase of TiO2. Incorporation of ZnFe2O4-TiO2within MCM-41 avoided the agglomeration of nanoparticles and reduced the band gap energy of TiO2to enhance its visible light photocatalytic activity. UV-vis absorption edges of ZTM nanocomposites redshifted with the increase of Zn/Ti molar ratio. The nanocomposite approach could be a potential choice for enhancing the photoactivity of TiO2, indicating an interesting application in the photodegradation and photoelectric fields.

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