scholarly journals To Evaluate Antimicrobial Properties of Platelet Rich Plasma and Source of Colonization in Pressure Ulcers in Spinal Injury Patients

Ulcers ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roop Singh ◽  
Raj Kumar Dhayal ◽  
Paramjit Kumar Sehgal ◽  
Rajesh K. Rohilla
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Pressure Ulcers ◽  
Spinal Injury ◽  
Platelet Rich Plasma ◽  
Bacterial Colonization ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Local Environment ◽  
Microbial Colonization ◽  
Local Application ◽  
Cord Injury

Background. Exposure of pressure ulcers (PrUs), particularly to urine and feces, leads to increased colonization of wounds. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the source of microbial colonization and antimicrobial properties of autologous platelet rich plasma (PRP) in controlling it in PrUs. Methods. Twenty-five patients of spinal cord injury (SCI) with at least two PrUs were taken for the study. Local application of autologous PRP on one PrU (case) was compared with saline dressing on the other PrU (control). Urine cultures, urethral meatus, PrUs, and perineal swabs were taken at weekly interval for five weeks. Result. Colonization rate of PrUs (case) decreased from 92% at enrollment to 24% at the 5th week but did not significantly decrease in PrUs (control) from enrollment (84%) to the 5th week (76%). Association between PrU (case) and perineal cultures was observed for Staphylococcus aureus at enrollment 41% (χ2=6.76, P<0.01) and at the 2nd week 47% (χ2=5.83, P<0.05). 47% association between PrU (control) and perineal cultures at enrollment (χ2=4.11, P<0.05) and 29% association at the 2nd week (χ2=8.41, P<0.01) were observed for Staphylococcus aureus. There was association between bacteria present in perineum/urine and those colonizing PrUs. Conclusion. There is a significant association between PrUs colonization and bacteria present in local environment (urine and feces). Local application of autologous PRP changes the “biological milieu” of the PrUs through its antimicrobial properties leading to reduction in bacterial colonization.

scholarly journals Poly-ε-Caprolactone/Gelatin Hybrid Electrospun Composite Nanofibrous Mats Containing Ultrasound Assisted Herbal Extract: Antimicrobial and Cell Proliferation Study

Nanomaterials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 462 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raghavendra Ramalingam ◽  
Chetna Dhand ◽  
Chak Leung ◽  
Hariharan Ezhilarasu ◽  
Praseetha Prasannan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wound Dressing ◽  
Bacterial Colonization ◽  
Parenchymal Cell ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Recovery Process ◽  
Dermal Fibroblasts ◽  
Microbial Colonization ◽  
Herbal Extract ◽  
Burst Release ◽  
Gymnema Sylvestre

Electrospun fibers have emerged as promising materials in the field of biomedicine, due to their superior physical and cell supportive properties. In particular, electrospun mats are being developed for advanced wound dressing applications. Such applications require the firers to possess excellent antimicrobial properties in order to inhibit potential microbial colonization from resident and non-resident bacteria. In this study, we have developed Poly-ε-Caprolactone /gelatin hybrid composite mats loaded with natural herbal extract (Gymnema sylvestre) to prevent bacterial colonization. As-spun scaffolds exhibited good wettability and desirable mechanical properties retaining their fibrous structure after immersing them in phosphate buffered saline (pH 7.2) for up to 30 days. The initial burst release of Gymnema sylvestre prevented the colonization of bacteria as confirmed by the radial disc diffusion assay. Furthermore, the electrospun mats promoted cellular attachment, spreading and proliferation of human primary dermal fibroblasts and cultured keratinocytes, which are crucial parenchymal cell-types involved in the skin recovery process. Overall these results demonstrated the utility of Gymnema sylvestre impregnated electrospun PCL/Gelatin nanofibrous mats as an effective antimicrobial wound dressing.

Factors associated with pressure ulcers in patients with complete or sensory-only preserved spinal cord injury: is there any difference between traumatic and nontraumatic causes?

2009 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 438-444 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyvan Davatgaran Taghipoor ◽  
Roya Habibi Arejan ◽  
Mohammad Reza Rasouli ◽  
Soheil Saadat ◽  
Mojgan Moghadam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Pressure Ulcers ◽  
Spinal Injury ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sensory Function ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cord Injury

Object Pressure ulcers (PUs) are common complications in patients with complete spinal cord injury (SCI) or incomplete SCI in which sensory function is spared. Most studies analyzing associated factors of PU and SCI have been performed in cases of traumatic SCI and in just a few cases of nontraumatic SCI. This study was designed to look specifically at the differences in causative factors of PU in cases of traumatic and nontraumatic SCIs. Methods The authors performed a retrospective, cross-sectional study evaluating patients with complete and incomplete SCIs (American Spinal Injury Association Grades A and B) under the coverage of the financial, medicosocial, and rehabilitative support provided by the State Welfare Organization of Iran (SWOI). There were 3791 cases of traumatic SCI (63.2%) and 2110 cases of nontraumatic SCI (35.2%). For 94 patients (1.6%), sufficient data were not available. Results A PU was detected in 39.2% of all patients with an SCI (71.8% of those with traumatic SCI vs 28.2% of those with nontraumatic SCI). A univariate analysis showed a significant association between occupation, education, and the presence of PU in patients with a traumatic SCI (p < 0.05). This contrasted with nontraumatic SCI in which an association between PU and age was noted (p < 0.05). Using logistic regression, traumatic cause, older age, an interval less than 1 year since the onset of SCI, male sex, and single status were found to significantly increase the risk of PU in all patients with an SCI. However, a higher education level had a preventive effect on PU. Conclusions This study revealed some risk factors for PU in the authors' setting. The authors' findings suggest a possible difference between the risk factors for PU in patients with both types of SCI. Further study on the pathoetiology of these differences is paramount in the future.

scholarly journals GSDMD contributes to host defence against Staphylococcus aureus skin infection by suppressing the Cxcl1–Cxcr2 axis

2021 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhen-Zhen Liu ◽  
Yong-Jun Yang ◽  
Feng-Hua Zhou ◽  
Ke Ma ◽  
Xiao-Qi Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Skin Infection ◽  
Bacterial Colonization ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Host Defence ◽  
Skin Damage ◽  
Microbial Infection ◽  
Caspase 1 ◽  
Deficient Mice

AbstractGasdermin D (GSDMD), a member of the gasdermin protein family, is a caspase substrate, and its cleavage is required for pyroptosis and IL-1β secretion. To date, the role and regulatory mechanism of GSDMD during cutaneous microbial infection remain unclear. Here, we showed that GSDMD protected against Staphylococcus aureus skin infection by suppressing Cxcl1–Cxcr2 signalling. GSDMD deficiency resulted in larger abscesses, more bacterial colonization, exacerbated skin damage, and increased inflammatory cell infiltration. Although GSDMD deficiency resulted in defective IL-1β production, the critical role of IL-1β was counteracted by the fact that Caspase-1/11 deficiency also resulted in less IL-1β production but did not aggravate disease severity during S. aureus skin infection. Interestingly, GSDMD-deficient mice had increased Cxcl1 secretion accompanied by increased recruitment of neutrophils, whereas Caspase-1/11-deficient mice presented similar levels of Cxcl1 and neutrophils as wild-type mice. Moreover, the absence of GSDMD promoted Cxcl1 secretion in bone marrow-derived macrophages induced by live, dead, or different strains of S. aureus. Corresponding to higher transcription and secretion of Cxcl1, enhanced NF-κB activation was shown in vitro and in vivo in the absence of GSDMD. Importantly, inhibiting the Cxcl1–Cxcr2 axis with a Cxcr2 inhibitor or anti-Cxcl1 blocking antibody rescued host defence defects in the GSDMD-deficient mice. Hence, these results revealed an important role of GSDMD in suppressing the Cxcl1–Cxcr2 axis to facilitate pathogen control and prevent tissue damage during cutaneous S. aureus infection.

Rehabilitation of the canine patient following spinal cord injury: a practical guide

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Cheryl Corral
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Spinal Injury ◽  
Neurological Deficits ◽  
Practical Guide ◽  
Cord Injury ◽  
Physical Therapies

This article forms part of a series exploring the rehabilitation of the canine shoulder, elbow, back, hip and stifle following injury or disease. Discussed here are different rehabilitation techniques used to address neurological deficits, pain and weakness following spinal injury, including physical therapies, electrotherapies and acupuncture.

scholarly journals Investigation of the Anti-Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Activity of (+)-Tanikolide- and (+)-Malyngolide-Based Analogues Prepared by Asymmetric Synthesis

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (12) ◽  
pp. 6400
Author(s):  
Joseph Breheny ◽  
Cian Kingston ◽  
Robert Doran ◽  
Joao Anes ◽  
Marta Martins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Asymmetric Synthesis ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Side Chain ◽  
Alkyl Side Chain ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Antibacterial And Antifungal

Herein, we report antibacterial and antifungal evaluation of a series of previously prepared (+)-tanikolide analogues. One analogue, (4S,6S)-4-methyltanikolide, displayed promising anti-methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus activity with a MIC of 12.5 µg/mL. Based on the antimicrobial properties of the structurally related (−)-malyngolide, two further analogues (4S,6S)-4-methylmalyngolide and (4R,6S)-4-methylmalyngolide bearing a shortened n-nonyl alkyl side chain were prepared in the present study using a ZrCl4-catalysed deprotection/cyclisation as the key step in their asymmetric synthesis. When these were tested for activity against anti-methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, the MIC increased to 50 µg/mL.

scholarly journals Antibiotic Susceptibility of Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pneumoniae Isolates from the Nasopharynx of Febrile Children under 5 Years in Nanoro, Burkina Faso

Antibiotics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 444
Author(s):  
Massa dit Achille Bonko ◽  
Palpouguini Lompo ◽  
Marc Christian Tahita ◽  
Francois Kiemde ◽  
Ibrahima Karama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Streptococcus Pneumoniae ◽  
Burkina Faso ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility ◽  
Bacterial Colonization ◽  
Resistance To Penicillin ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Resistance Rates ◽  
Moderately Resistant ◽  
Children Under 5

(1) Background: nasopharynx colonization by resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pneumoniae can lead to serious diseases. Emerging resistance to antibiotics commonly used to treat infections due to these pathogens poses a serious threat to the health system. The present study aimed to determine the antibiotic susceptibility of S. aureus and S. pneumoniae isolates from the febrile children’s nasopharynx under 5 years in Nanoro (Burkina Faso). (2) Methods: bacterial isolates were identified from nasopharyngeal swabs prospectively collected from 629 febrile children. Antibiotic susceptibility of S. aureus and S. pneumoniae isolates was assessed by Kirby–Bauer method and results were interpreted according to the Clinical and Laboratory Standard Institute guidelines. (3) Results: bacterial colonization was confirmed in 154 (24.5%) of children of whom 96.1% carried S. aureus, 3.2% had S. pneumoniae, and 0.6% carried both bacteria. S. aureus isolates showed alarming resistance to penicillin (96.0%) and S. pneumoniae was highly resistant to tetracycline (100%) and trimethoprim–sulfamethoxazole (83.3%), and moderately resistant to penicillin (50.0%). Furthermore, 4.0% of S. aureus identified were methicillin resistant. (4) Conclusion: this study showed concerning resistance rates to antibiotics to treat suspected bacterial respiratory tract infections. The work highlights the necessity to implement continuous antibiotic resistance surveillance.

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