scholarly journals Effects of Soybean Oil Modified Cellulose Fibril and Organosilane Modified Cellulose Fibril on Crystallization of Polypropylene

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarit Thanomchat ◽  
Kawee Srikulkit
Keyword(s):  
Soybean Oil ◽  
Crystallization Process ◽  
Optical Microscope ◽  
Particle Dispersion ◽  
Melt Mixing ◽  
Nonisothermal Crystallization ◽  
Cellulose Fibril ◽  
Crystallization Study ◽  
Modified Cellulose ◽  
Composite Samples

Soybean oil modified cellulose fibril (Oil-g-CF) and organosilane modified cellulose fibril (Silane-g-CF) were prepared using maleinized soybean oil and hexadecyltrimethoxysilane, respectively. Thus obtained modified cellulose fibril was added to polypropylene by a simple melt mixing on a hotplate. PP/modified CF composites with 4.0 wt% filler content were prepared. The composites were subject to a polarized optical microscope to investigate particle dispersion, supramolecular morphology, and crystallization behavior. It was found that Silane-g-CF exhibited smaller particle sizes with better particle distribution when compared to Oil-g-CF. In addition, the etched composite samples unveiled an increase in a number of spherulite crystals as well as a decrease in the spherulite size. The nonisothermal crystallization study of composites revealed that both Oil-g-CF and Silane-g-CF were capable of nucleating PP by facilitating faster crystallization process and raising the number of spherulites. The DSC results indicated that Silane-g-CF was able to perform a more effective nucleation than Oil-g-CF, judged by a higher crystallization temperature. Moreover, PP composites containing Oil-g-CF and Silane-g-CF had higher crystallinity by 7% and 10%, for the first and the latter, respectively, when compared to neat PP.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial Property of Polypropylene Composites and Functionalized Copper Nanoparticles

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 1694
Author(s):  
Noemi Jardón-Maximino ◽  
Gregorio Cadenas-Pliego ◽  
Carlos A. Ávila-Orta ◽  
Víctor Eduardo Comparán-Padilla ◽  
Luis E. Lugo-Uribe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Copper Nanoparticles ◽  
Crystallization Process ◽  
Copper Ions ◽  
Antimicrobial Property ◽  
Aminobutyric Acid ◽  
New Materials ◽  
Melt Mixing ◽  
Polypropylene Composites ◽  
And Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Thermal Stability Of

Copper nanoparticles (CuNPs) functionalized with polyethyleneimine (PEI) and 4-aminobutyric acid (GABA) were used to obtain composites with isotactic polypropylene (iPP). The iPP/CuNPs composites were prepared at copper concentrations of 0.25–5.0 wt % by melt mixing, no evidence of oxidation of the CuNP was observed. Furthermore, the release of copper ions from iPP/CuNPs composites in an aqueous medium was studied. The release of cupric ions was higher in the composites with 2.5 and 5.0 wt %. These composites showed excellent antibacterial activity (AA) toward Pseudomona aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus). The incorporation of CuNP into the iPP polymeric matrix slightly decreased the thermal stability of the composite material but improved the crystallinity and the storage modulus. This evidence suggests that CuNPs could work as nucleating agents in the iPP crystallization process. The iPP/CuNPs composites presented better AA properties compared to similar composites reported previously. This behavior indicates that the new materials have great potential to be used in various applications that can be explored in the future.

scholarly journals Enhancement of the Thermomechanical Properties of a Fly Ash- and Carbon Black-Filled Polyvinyl Chloride Composite by Using Epoxidized Soybean Oil as a Secondary Bioplasticizer

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Toan Duy Nguyen ◽  
Chinh Thuy Nguyen ◽  
Van Thanh Thi Tran ◽  
Giang Vu Nguyen ◽  
Hai Viet Le ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Fly Ash ◽  
Carbon Black ◽  
Soybean Oil ◽  
Young’S Modulus ◽  
Polyvinyl Chloride ◽  
Young's Modulus ◽  
Epoxidized Soybean Oil ◽  
Melt Mixing ◽  
Elongation At Break

Plasticized polyvinyl chloride (PVC) was fabricated using epoxidized soybean oil (ESBO) as a secondary bioplasticizer with dioctyl phthalate (DOP). The PVC/MFA/CB composites were prepared by melt mixing of the plasticized PVC with modified fly ash (MFA), carbon black N330 (CB), and polychloroprene (CR) in a Haake Rheomix mixer using a rotation speed of 50 rpm at 175°C for 6 min and then compressed by Toyoseiki pressure machine under 15 MPa. The effect of ESBO content on morphology, melt viscosity, tensile properties, and flame retardancy of PVC/MFA/CB composites was investigated. The obtained results showed that the incorporation of ESBO has significantly enhanced the processing ability, Young’s modulus, tensile strength, and elongation at break of the PVC/MFA/CB composites. The torque of PVC/MFA/CB composites was increased to approximately 12% when 50 wt% of DOP was replaced by ESBO. When ESBO was 20 wt% in comparison with DOP weight, the elongation at break, tensile strength, and Young’s modulus of the composites were increased to 48%, 24%, and 4.5%, respectively. Correspondingly, thermogravimetric analysis results confirmed that ESBO had improved the thermostability of the PVC composites. The ESBO have potential as a secondary bioplasticizer replacement material for DOP owing to their better thermomechanical stability.

Microstructural Studies of Aluminium 7075-Silicon Carbide-Alumina Metal Matrix Composite

2014 ◽  
Vol 984-985 ◽  
pp. 194-199 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Rajeswari ◽  
K.S. Amirthagadeswaran ◽  
K. Ramya
Keyword(s):  
Silicon Carbide ◽  
Metal Matrix Composite ◽  
Matrix Composite ◽  
Metal Matrix ◽  
Stir Casting ◽  
Optical Microscope ◽  
Homogeneous Distribution ◽  
Modern Development ◽  
Al 7075 ◽  
Composite Samples

The modern development in the field of science and technology has created a demand for many advanced engineering materials. In recent days, aluminium related metal matrix composite is a probable material for many applications such as transport, aerospace, marine and automobile applications. In this paper, experiments were conducted on composite having various weight fractions of SiC and Al2O3particulates fabricated by stir casting method. Characterization studies were conducted on the Al 7075 alloy and composite samples to assess the hardness and microstructural properties. Final samples were tested for hardness using vickers hardness machine. Microstructure examination was conducted by optical microscope. Microstructure of the composite samples reveals the presence and homogeneous distribution of reinforcements in the Al 7075 matrix. The hardness of aluminium metal matrix composites was increased due to the addition of silicon carbide and alumina reinforcements.

Nucleation and nonisothermal crystallization kinetics in cross-linked polyethylene/zinc oxide nanocomposites

RSC Advances ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (60) ◽  
pp. 31643-31651 ◽  
Author(s):  
Josmin P. Jose ◽  
Laurent Chazeau ◽  
Jean-Yves Cavaillé ◽  
K. T. Varughese ◽  
Sabu Thomas
Keyword(s):  
Zinc Oxide ◽  
Crystallization Kinetics ◽  
Zno Nanoparticles ◽  
Hybrid Nanocomposites ◽  
Melt Mixing ◽  
Nonisothermal Crystallization ◽  
Inorganic Hybrid ◽  
Nonisothermal Crystallization Kinetics

In the present study organic–inorganic hybrid nanocomposites of cross-linked polyethylene (XLPE) with 0, 2, 5 and 10 wt% of trimethoxyoctyl-silane surface treated ZnO nanoparticles were prepared by melt mixing.

scholarly journals The Mg/Fe ratio of silicate minerals in the meteoritic materials and in the circumstellar environment: A case study for the chondritic-like composition

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-55
Author(s):  
Péter Futó ◽  
József Vanyó ◽  
Irakli Simonia ◽  
János Sztakovics ◽  
Mihály Nagy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solar System ◽  
Crystallization Process ◽  
Planet Formation ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Optical Microscope ◽  
Protoplanetary Disk ◽  
Early Solar System ◽  
System A ◽  
Circumstellar Environment

Abstract Kaba meteorite as a reference material (one of a least metamorphosed and most primitive carbonaceous chondrites fell on Earth) was chosen for this study providing an adequate background for study of the protoplanetary disk or even the crystallization processes of the Early Solar System. Its olivine minerals (forsterite and fayalite) and their Mg/Fe ratio can help us to understand more about the planet formation mechanism and whether or not the metallic constitutes of the disk could be precursors for the type of planets in the Solar System. A multiple methodological approach such as a combination of the scanning electron microscope, optical microscope, Raman spectroscopy and electron microprobe of the olivine grains give the Fe/Mg ratio database. The analyses above confirmed that planet formation in the protoplanetary disk is driven by the mineralogical precursors of the crystallization process. On the other hand, four nebulae mentioned in this study provide the astronomical data confirming that the planet formation in the protoplanetary disk is dominated or even driven by the metallic constituents.

Development of Bronze Metal Matrix Composite for Automobile and Marine Applications

2019 ◽  
Vol 969 ◽  
pp. 415-420 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rohit U. Krishnan ◽  
Jithin Mohan ◽  
George Alex ◽  
J.P. Arjun ◽  
K.U. Dev Darshan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wear Resistance ◽  
Wear Rate ◽  
Tensile Properties ◽  
Metal Matrix ◽  
Optical Microscope ◽  
Bronze Alloy ◽  
Marine Applications ◽  
Relevant Material ◽  
Bronze Matrix ◽  
Composite Samples

Bronze, an industrially relevant material, is always at a constant need for improvement in its properties. It should possess superior hardness, wear resistance and high tensile properties. The microstructure of the composite was characterized by using an optical microscope. The mechanical and tribological tests were carried out on the developed composite samples as per ASTM standards. It was observed that the hardness of the developed bronze composite increases with an increase in the reinforcement addition. The tensile properties were found to improve with addition of reinforcement particles into bronze matrix but, there observed a decrease in the ductility of the composite as compared to the regular bronze alloy. The wear rate of the developed composite was found to be low as compared to that of the regular bronze alloy

Effect of sequence of melt mixing on the properties and morphology of blends of polypropylene, styrene–ethylene–butylene–styrene copolymer grafted with maleic anhydride, and organophilic montmorillonite clay

2019 ◽  
pp. 089270571988999
Author(s):  
Tiago Nunes Lima ◽  
Thatiana Cristina Pereira de Macedo ◽  
Marcelo Massayoshi Ueki
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Maleic Anhydride ◽  
Crystallization Process ◽  
Montmorillonite Clay ◽  
Polymer Chains ◽  
Melt Mixing ◽  
Blend Morphology ◽  
Organophilic Montmorillonite ◽  
Mixing Sequences ◽  
Clay Intercalation

Styrene–ethylene–butylene–styrene (SEBS) copolymer, grafted or not, with maleic anhydride and organophilic montmorillonite clay was melt mixed with polypropylene (PP) using different mixing sequences to understand its effect on properties and morphology. The addition of clay changed the blend morphology from large elongated domains to droplets. The nanocomposites without maleic anhydride presented clay in the intercalated form. In the formulation containing maleic anhydride, clay is exfoliated on the blend, indicating that the maleic anhydride group acted to increase the interaction between the clay lamellae and the polymer chains. The best balance of mechanical properties was achieved in the formulation in which the clay was first melt mixed in SEBS without maleic anhydride and afterward melt mixed with clay and PP. It is reported in the literature that nanocomposites with exfoliated structures have better mechanical properties than nanocomposites with intercalated structure. However, in this study, an opposite trend was found, which may be related to the higher amount of crystalline phase formed in the intercalated structure nanocomposites, since the clay intercalation phenomenon in the polymer chains favored the polymer crystallization process.

Comparison of Tribological Performances of High Density Polyethylene Enhanced With Carbon Nanofibers

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Songbo Xu ◽  
Aydar Akchurin ◽  
X. W. Tangpong ◽  
Tian Liu ◽  
Weston Wood ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wear Resistance ◽  
High Density Polyethylene ◽  
Carbon Nanofiber ◽  
Optical Microscope ◽  
High Density ◽  
High Wear Resistance ◽  
Melt Mixing ◽  
Wear Rates ◽  
Silane Coating ◽  
Bearing Materials

High density polyethylene (HDPE) is widely used as bearing material in industrial application because of its low friction and high wear resistance properties. Carbon nanofiber (CNF) reinforced HDPE nanocomposites are promising materials for biomedical applications as well, such as being the bearing materials in total joint replacements. The main objective of the present study is to investigate how the wear of HDPE can be altered by the addition of either pristine or silane treated CNFs at different loading levels (0.5 wt.% and 3 wt.%). Two types of silane coating thicknesses, 2.8 nm and 46 nm, were applied on the surfaces of oxidized CNFs to improve the interfacial bonding strength between the CNFs and the matrix. The CNF/HDPE nanocomposites were prepared through melt mixing and hot-pressing. The coefficients of friction (COFs) and wear rates of the neat HDPE and CNF/HDPE nanocomposites were determined using a pin-on-disc tribometer under dry sliding conditions. The microstructures of the worn surfaces of the nanocomposites were characterized using both scanning electron microscope (SEM) and optical microscope to analyze their wear mechanisms. Compared with the neat HDPE, the COF of the nanocomposites were reduced. The nanocomposite reinforced with CNFs coated with the thicker silane coating (46 nm) at 0.5 wt.% loading level was found to yield the highest wear resistance with a wear rate reduction of nearly 68% compared to the neat HDPE.

Fabrication of Polymeric Capsules Enclosing Eletrophoretic Particle Dispersion

2006 ◽  
Vol 949 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ru Qiao ◽  
Xiao Li Zhang ◽  
Ri Qiu ◽  
Yan Li ◽  
Young Soo Kang
Keyword(s):  
In Situ Polymerization ◽  
Urea Formaldehyde ◽  
Optical Microscope ◽  
Control Agent ◽  
Particle Dispersion ◽  
Polymerization Reaction ◽  
Water Emulsion ◽  
Angle Measurements ◽  
Contact Angle Measurements ◽  
Oil In Water Emulsion

ABSTRACTPoly(urea-formaldehyde) capsules enclosing electrophoretic particle dispersion were formed by carrying out an in-situ polymerization reaction in an oil-in-water emulsion. The internal dispersion was composed of pigment particles Yellow-14 modified by charge control agent to have superior electrophoresis velocity and the mixture of tetrachloroethylene and sec-butylbenzene, using Span 80 as the stabilizer and emulsifier. FE-SEM, TEM, and optical microscope (OM) were performed to investigate on the capsule size and surface morphology. Contact angle measurements showed that UF prepolymer deposited at the o/w interface to form hollow capsules only when the interfacial tension is large enough.

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