scholarly journals Aqueous Levels of Pigment Epithelium-Derived Factor and Macular Choroidal Thickness in High Myopia

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Chen ◽  
Yubo Guan ◽  
Guanghui He ◽  
Zhiwei Li ◽  
Hui Song ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Myopia ◽  
Choroidal Thickness ◽  
Pigment Epithelium ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Enhanced Depth Imaging ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Pigment Epithelium Derived Factor ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
And Control

Purpose. To investigate the correlation between aqueous and serum levels of pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF) and macular choroidal thickness in high myopia patients, both with and without choroidal neovascularization (CNV).Methods. Serum and aqueous levels of PEDF were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in 36 high myopia patients (36 eyes) with no CNV (non-CNV group), 14 high myopia patients (14 eyes) with CNV (CNV group), and 42 nonmyopia patients (42 eyes) (control group). Macular choroidal thickness was measured by enhanced-depth imaging optical coherence tomography.Results. Aqueous levels of PEDF were significantly higher in CNV group compared with non-CNV (P<0.001) and control (P<0.001) groups. Macular choroidal thicknesses were significantly decreased in the non-CNV and CNV groups compared with the control (P<0.001) group. A statistically significant difference (P=0.012) was found between the CNV and non-CNV groups. There was a positive correlation between aqueous PEDF and macular choroidal thickness in the non-CNV group (P=0.005), but no correlation with the CNV group. No correlation between serum PEDF and macular choroidal thickness was detected in the three groups.Conclusion. Variations in aqueous PEDF levels coincide with changes in macular choroidal thickness in high myopia patients with no CNV, while no such relationship exists in high myopia patients with CNV.

scholarly journals P187 The significance of netrin-1 level in the clinical activity of ulcerative colitis, its association between TNF-α and IL-6

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S232-S232
Author(s):  
H Korkmaz ◽  
K Fidan
Keyword(s):  
Ulcerative Colitis ◽  
Proinflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Activity Index ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Clinical Activity ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
And Control ◽  
Control Study

Abstract Background In this study, we investigated the importance of netrin-1 levels in ulcerative colitis (UC) in clinical activity of the disease, and its association with other proinflammatory cytokines IL-6 and TNF-α. Methods This study is a type of case–control study. Sixty-seven patients with UC (36 of them activation, 31 of remission) and 50 healthy controls were included in the study. UC patients; ‘Truelove Witts clinical activity index by remission (n = 31), mild activation (n = 21), moderate activation (n = 6) and severe activation (n = 9) were divided into groups. Netrin, IL-6 and TNF-α measurements in plasma samples were performed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit. Results Between the patient group and the control group; there was a statistically significant difference between netrin-1, IL-6, TNF-α, neutrophil, platelet (p &lt; 0.05 for all). The plasma netrin-1 mean of UC with severe activation group (139.21 ± 48.09 pg/ml) was statistically significantly higher than that of the mild activation (p = 0,037), remission group (p = 0,001) and control group(p = 0,011). The plasma netrin-1 mean of UC with moderate activation group was statistically significantly higher than that of the mild activation(p = 0,045) and remission group(p = 0,004). Conclusion Our results reveal that plasma netrin-1 levels have been shown to be associated with UC activation, similar to proinflammatory cytokines such as TNF-α and IL-6, in UC.

scholarly journals Outer Retinal Layers’ Thickness Changes in relation to Age and Choroidal Thickness in Normal Eyes

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mona Kamal Abdellatif ◽  
Yasser Abdelmaguid Mohamed Elzankalony ◽  
Ahmed Abdelmonsef Abdelhamid Ebeid ◽  
Weam Mohamed Ebeid
Keyword(s):  
Choroidal Thickness ◽  
Pigment Epithelium ◽  
Retinal Pigment ◽  
Enhanced Depth Imaging ◽  
Old Patients ◽  
Retinal Layers ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Sd Oct

Purpose. To identify and correlate age-related changes in outer retinal layers’ thickness and choroidal thickness (CT) in the normal eyes using spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) and to investigate factors affecting these changes. Study Design. Observational cross-sectional study. Subjects and Methods. We studied 125 healthy Egyptians between 20 and 79 years old. Patients were divided into 3 groups: group 1 (20–40 years), group 2 (40–60 years), and group 3 (>60 years). All patients had full ophthalmic examination. SD-OCT was done to measure the 9 ETDRS macular grid sectors of retinal pigment epithelium and photoreceptor outer segment (RPE-OS), outer nuclear layer and photoreceptor inner segment (ONL-IS), and choroidal thickness (CT) (by enhanced depth imaging). Results. RPE-OS was significantly thinner in group 3 than in the other 2 groups (central: P<0.001). Moreover, the 3 groups were significantly different from each other regarding the CT (central: P<0.001); significant thinning was noticed in the choroid with age. The 3 groups did not show significant difference concerning the ONL-IS thickness. RPE-OS and CT showed statistically significant negative correlation with age (central RPE-OS: r = −0 C.345, P<0.001, and central CT: r = −0.725, P<0.001) while ONL-IS showed statistically nonsignificant correlation with age (central ONL-IS: r = −0.08, P=0.376). Multiple regression analysis revealed that the most important determinant of central 1 mm RPE-OS thickness in this study was age (β = −0.087, P=0.010) rather than choroidal thinning (β = 0.001, P=0.879). Conclusion. RPE-OS layer thickness shows significant thinning with increasing age, and with decrease in CT, however, age is the most determinant factor of this thinning.

Plasma kisspeptin and ghrelin levels in puberty variant cases

2017 ◽  
Vol 30 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Erdal Kurnaz ◽  
Yaşar Şen ◽  
Süleyman Aydın
Keyword(s):  
Serum Levels ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Premature Thelarche ◽  
Premature Adrenarche ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
And Gender ◽  
And Control ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractBackground:The aim of this study was to determine the serum levels of kisspeptin and ghrelin (GAH), as well as the relationship of these two peptides with each other in premature thelarche (PT) and premature adrenarche (PA) cases and to investigate the possibility of using these peptides as markers in the differentiation of puberty disorders.Methods:A PT group aged 1–8 years (n = 40), a PA group aged 1–9 years (n = 23, female/male = 20/3) and control groups consistent with each of the previous groups in terms of age and gender were created for the study. Kisspeptin and ghrelin levels were measured with ELISA methods from blood samples drawn while fasting in the morning.Results:When the PT group was compared with the controls, the plasma kisspeptin levels of the cases were significantly higher than the control group (165.47 ± 15.45 pmol/L, 96.82 ± 12.33 pmol/L, p = 0.005, respectively). Kisspeptin levels in the PA group did not show a difference with the control group (121.36 ± 17.99 pmol/L, 95.52 ± 11.54 pmol/L, p = 0.249, respectively). No significant difference could be found when GAH levels in the PT and PA groups were compared with controls. No significant correlation was found between kisspeptin and GAH levels in the PT and PA groups.Conclusions:Our results indicate that kisspeptin plays an important role in the PT, but GAH is not associated with puberty disorders.

scholarly journals Changes in interleukin-27 levels in patients with acute coronary syndrome and their clinical significance

PeerJ ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. e5652 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lin Zhang ◽  
Junfeng Zhang ◽  
Shaohong Su ◽  
Suyan Luo
Keyword(s):  
Acute Coronary Syndrome ◽  
Angina Pectoris ◽  
Th17 Cells ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Coronary Syndrome ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Ifn Γ ◽  
And Control

Background This study evaluated changes in interleukin (IL)-27 levels in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and their influence on Th1, Th2, and Th17 cells. Methods Serum levels of IL-27, IL-4, IL-17, and interferon (IFN)-γ in healthy subjects as well as patients with ACS, including stable angina pectoris (SA), unstable angina pectoris (UA), and acute myocardial infarction (AMI), were determined using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The proportions of Th1, Th2, and Th17 cells among peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), were measured using flow cytometry, after incubation with phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) for 4 h. The proportions of Th1 and Th17 cells among PBMCs in AMI and UA were detected after stimulation with IL-27 or PMA + IL-27 for 4, 8, and 12 h. Results Serum levels of IL-27 in patients with AMI and UA were significantly lower than those in SA and control groups, while serum levels of IL-17 and IFN-γ in AMI and UA groups were dramatically increased compared to those in SA and healthy control groups. However, there were no statistically significant differences in serum IL-4. The proportions of Th1 and Th17 cells among PBMCs were statistically significantly higher in the AMI and UA groups than those in the SA and control groups, while there was no statistically significant difference in the proportion of Th2 cells among different groups. For patients with AMI and UA, the effect of co-stimulation of PBMCs with PMA and IL-27 was not significantly different from that of PMA single stimulation, while PMA + IL-27 co-stimulation lowered the Th17 cell proportion significantly compared to PMA single stimulation. Discussion Compared to SA patients and healthy controls, patients with ACS (AMI + UA) had lower serum levels of IL-27 and higher proportions of PBMC Th1 and Th17 cells, which could be attributed to the inhibitory effects of IL-27 on the proliferation of Th17 cells. These results indicated that IL-27 could be a novel therapeutic target in ACS patients.

scholarly journals The quantitative measurements of choroidal thickness and volume in diabetic retinopathy using optical coherence tomography and optical coherence tomography angiography; correlation with vision and foveal avascular zone

2022 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fariba Ghassemi ◽  
Sahar Berijani ◽  
Ameneh Babeli ◽  
Houshang Faghihi ◽  
Alireza Gholizadeh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optical Coherence Tomography ◽  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Normal Control ◽  
Choroidal Thickness ◽  
Enhanced Depth Imaging ◽  
Foveal Avascular Zone ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Optical Coherence ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Avascular Zone

Abstract Background To represent choroidal thickness (CT) and choroidal volume (CV) databases in diabetic retinopathy (DR) patients and healthy control participants using optical coherence tomography (OCT) and enhanced depth imaging OCT (EDI-OCT). No study had evaluated CT at all main stages of diabetic retinopathy in a single study. Methods The study included 176 eyes from 93 patients (39–80 years old; 42% females) who were divided into three groups based on DR severity and normal control group: 39 eyes no DR, 64 eyes NPDR, 33 eyes PDR, and 40 eyes normal control. The CT and CV were measured and statistically analyzed. Intra-observer and inter-observer coefficients of repeatability were calculated. Results Subfoveal CT showed persistent thinning from normal group (322.50 ± 69.24) to no-diabetic retinopathy (NDR, 308.33 ± 74.45) to nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR, 283.45 ± 56.50) group and then thickening as the patient progressed to proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR, 295.17 ± 95.69) (P = 0.087). A significant difference was found between the control group and the NDR, NPDR, and PDR groups in nearly all CT and CV of Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study macular subfields. Fasting blood sugar (FBS = 189.08 ± 51.3 mg/dl) and diabetes mellitus (DM) duration (13.6 ± 6.5 years) had no noticeable effect on CT. In patients with diabetes, the best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), diabetic macular edema (DME), and foveal avascular zone (FAZ) were not affected by CT and CV. Conclusions The choroidal thickness decreases from the early stages of diabetic retinopathy up to the NPDR stage, with a subsequent modest rise in CT during the PDR stage. There was no correlation between FBS, diabetes duration, BCVA, DME, and FAZ, and CT.

scholarly journals An exploratory study of neopterin and kynurenine pathway in pterygium

Pteridines ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 153-157
Author(s):  
Bilge Kilicarslan ◽  
Aziz Cardak ◽  
Gozde Girgin ◽  
Ozlem Evren Kemer ◽  
Terken Baydar
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Degradation Process ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Kynurenine Pathway ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cell Immunity ◽  
Degenerative Disorder ◽  
And Control ◽  
Clinical Potential

Abstract Pterygium is an inflammatory, vascular and degenerative disorder with unknown aetiology. The aim of this study was to evaluate the changes in neopterin levels, reflecting T-cell immunity, and the kynurenine pathway, the main degradation process of tryptophan, in pterygium. For this purpose, neopterin concentrations were measured in serum and tear samples by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in pterygium patients (n=31) and control group (n=32). Kynurenine (KYN) and tryptophan (TRP) serum levels were simultaneously determined by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) for evaluation of the kynurenine pathway. Serum neopterin concentrations and kynurenine to tryptophan ratio (KYN/TRP) as an index of tryptophan breakdown were found increased in pterygium compared to controls (p<0.05). Although there was a 3-fold difference observed between serum and tear neopterin levels, no significant relationship was found. It can be concluded that neopterin may be used as a nonspecific biomarker that reflects immunological activity in pterygium and has clinical potential for evaluation of pterygium pathogenesis. These immune- or inflammatory-mediated changes were also supported by an increased KYN/TRP ratio in pterygium patients.

scholarly journals Study to assess sub-foveal choroidal thickness in patients of preeclampsia through spectral domain optical coherence tomography

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Astha Lalwani ◽  
Priye Suman Rastogi ◽  
Rehana Najam ◽  
Ashish Chander
Keyword(s):  
Choroidal Thickness ◽  
Normal Pregnancy ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Pregnant Females ◽  
Healthy Pregnancy ◽  
Department Of Ophthalmology ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group A ◽  
And Control ◽  
Sd Oct

Background: Aim of the study was to assess sub-foveal choroidal thickness (SFCT) in preeclamptic patients by SD ocular coherence tomography (SD-OCT) and correlate its changes with severity of preeclampsia.Method: This case control, observational study, conducted in department of ophthalmology in association with department of obstetrics and gynaecology. The subjects were split into two groups: study and control. Study group was further divided in to 2 groups i.e., group A (Patients with preeclampsia) and group B (Pregnant females without preeclampsia). Control group (Group C) of non-pregnant females of similar age group. Total 100 patients were taken in each group. Subjects from both study and control groups were subjected to SD-OCT and mean choroidal thickness of both eyes was noted. Data was noted and comparison of 3 groups was done.Results: Baseline characters viz, age, period of gestation, and parity was comparable among all the groups as p>0.05. Mean arterial pressure (MAP) was 102.72±9.81 and 84.56±7.83 in group A and B respectively with statistically significant difference as p<0.01. Following a post hoc analysis, it was discovered that the SFCT of the healthy pregnancy group did not differ substantially from that of the control group, however the SFCT of the pre-eclampsia group was significantly higher than that of the control and healthy pregnancy groups.Conclusions: Pre-eclampsia causes a greater increase in sub-foveal choroidal thickness than normal pregnancy or non-pregnant women. It has the potential to be used as a predictor or marker of pre-eclampsia severity.

Serum Interleukin-15 in Alopecia Areata and its correlation with dermoscopic findings

QJM ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 114 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Naziha Hafez Khafagy ◽  
Marwa Salah El Din Zaki ◽  
Aya Mahmoud Hussein
Keyword(s):  
Hair Loss ◽  
Alopecia Areata ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Common Finding ◽  
Control Group ◽  
University Hospitals ◽  
Exclamation Mark ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Initial Onset ◽  
And Control

Abstract Background Alopecia areata is an autoimmune hair loss which frequently starts in childhood. Its presentation had an extreme variability not only in the time of initial onset but also in the duration, extent, and pattern of hair loss during any given episode of active loss. Moreover, the course of disease is unpredictable, with spontaneous regrowth of hair occurring in 80% of patients within the first year and sudden relapse at any given time. Due to the clinical variability and unpredictable nature of spontaneous regrowth, diagnosis and management may be difficult and challenging. Objective The aim of this study is to evaluate the serum levels of IL-15 in active alopecia areata and correlate them with disease severity and activity according to dermoscopic findings. Methods This case-control study were conducted in Dermatology, Venereology and Andrology department, Ain Shams University Hospitals included 30 patients with different clinical variants of AA, the diagnosis was made via clinical examination and dermoscopic findings. In addition, 30 apparently healthy individuals of matched age and sex as a control group were included in the study. Results Dermoscopic examination among cases showed that the most common dermoscopic findings in patients were vellus hair and yellow dots, while the least common finding was exclamation mark hairs. On comparing serum IL-15 in patients and control groups, it was found that serum levels of IL-15 in patients were significantly higher than those in the control group. There was no statistically significant difference in serum IL-15 levels between patients with negative and positive pull test, nail involvement, or body involvement. Similarly, no statistically significant difference in serum IL-15 levels in patients with various subjective disease activity was detected. However, there was a highly significant difference between serum IL-15 levels in different SALT score groups, with the highest levels being in the S3 group. There was a highly significant difference between IL-15 levels in patients with and without black dots. Also, there was significant difference between IL-15 in patients with and without broken hair, and exclamation mark hair. There was no significant difference in level of IL-15 among patients with and without yellow dots, and with and without vellus hair. Conclusion On the basis of the current study, we can conclude that IL-15 is significantly elevated in AA patients when compared to the control subjects. It is also a possible marker of AA severity. It is positively correlated with dermoscopic findings in AA patients, so dermoscopic findings can be useful in evaluating severity of alopecia areata.

Relationship of MMP-2 and TGF-β2 levels in human vitreous with axial length

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-41
Author(s):  
Ting-Ting Zhao ◽  
◽  
Jing Jin ◽  
Shu-Nong Xie ◽  
Ying Fan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transforming Growth Factor Beta ◽  
Axial Length ◽  
High Myopia ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
And Control ◽  
Relationship Of

AIM: To investigate the relationship of matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) and transforming growth factor-beta 2 (TGF-β2) levels in human vitreous with axial length (AL) of patients with high myopia. METHODS: The concentrations of MMP-2 and TGF-β2 levels were tested by enzyme-linked immunosorbnent assay (ELISA). Fifty-five human vitreous samples of 55 patients were collected during vitrectomy surgery, and were divided into two groups according to their spherical equivalent (SE) and AL. High myopia group (25 cases): AL≥26.00 mm, and control group or non-high myopia group (30 cases): AL<26.00 mm. RESULTS: The MMP-2 levels in vitreous of high myopia group (96.87±55.95 ng/mL) was significantly higher than that of control group (77.24±41.81 ng/mL, P<0.05), but not correlated with AL (r=0.088, P=0.544). While the vitreous TGF-β2 concentration was negatively correlated with AL (r=-0.344, P=0.014), and there was significant difference of TGF-β2 vitreous levels between high myopia group (3729.08±1890.88 pg/mL) and control group (3926.00± 1333.88 pg/mL, P<0.05). CONCLUSION: MMP-2 and TGF-β2 in human vitreous may play a critical role in human high myopia development, and the TGF-β2 appears to be associated with AL.

scholarly journals C1q/TNF-Related Protein-3 (CTRP-3) and Pigment Epithelium-Derived Factor (PEDF) Concentrations in Patients with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: A Case-Control Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 2587
Author(s):  
Tomasz Gęca ◽  
Maciej Kwiatek ◽  
Arkadiusz Krzyżanowski ◽  
Anna Kwaśniewska
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Pigment Epithelium ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Related Protein ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus Group ◽  
Pigment Epithelium Derived Factor ◽  
Significant Difference

Background: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is the most common metabolic disorder in pregnant women, defined as any degree of glucose intolerance with onset or first detected during pregnancy. Explanation of its pathogenesis is extremely important due to the possibility of preventing serious maternal and fetal complications. The aim of the study was to evaluate the concentrations of two molecules: C1q/tumor necrosis factor-related protein-3 (CTRP-3) and pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF) which may possibly participate in GDM development. To our knowledge, this is the first study in pregnant women with GDM evaluating CTRP-3 level. Methods: Serum CTRP-3 and PEDF concentration and clinical characteristics were detected in 172 pregnant women. These women were divided into two groups: normal glucose tolerance group (NGT, n = 54) and gestational diabetes mellitus group (GDM, n = 118). This second group was further divided into two subgroups depending on the treatment used: GDM 1—diet only (n = 75) and GDM 2—insulin treatment (n = 43). Results: Our study did not reveal any statistically significant difference between the concentration of PEDF in the control and GDM group. In our study there was a significantly higher concentration of CTRP-3 evaluated in the peripheral blood serum in patients with gestational diabetes (GDM) compared to those in the control group (8.84 vs. 4.79 ng/mL). Significantly higher values of CTRP-3 were observed in both the diet-treated subgroup and the group with insulin therapy when compared to control group (8.40 and 10.96, respectively vs. 4.79 ng/mL). Conclusion: PEDF concentration does not change in GDM, whereas an increased level of CTRP-3 may point to the key role of this adipokine in the development of GDM.

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