scholarly journals Yokukansan Increases 5-HT1AReceptors in the Prefrontal Cortex and Enhances 5-HT1AReceptor Agonist-Induced Behavioral Responses in Socially Isolated Mice

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toshiyuki Ueki ◽  
Kazushige Mizoguchi ◽  
Takuji Yamaguchi ◽  
Akinori Nishi ◽  
Yasushi Ikarashi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prefrontal Cortex ◽  
Social Isolation ◽  
Anxiolytic Effect ◽  
Repeated Administration ◽  
Receptor Protein ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Receptor Density ◽  
Isolation Stress ◽  
Social Isolation Stress ◽  
Socially Isolated

The traditional Japanese medicine yokukansan has an anxiolytic effect, which occurs after repeated administration. In this study, to investigate the underlying mechanisms, we examined the effects of repeated yokukansan administration on serotonin 1A (5-HT1A) receptor density and affinity and its expression at both mRNA and protein levels in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) of socially isolated mice. Moreover, we examined the effects of yokukansan on a 5-HT1Areceptor-mediated behavioral response. Male mice were subjected to social isolation stress for 6 weeks and simultaneously treated with yokukansan. Thereafter, the density and affinity of 5-HT1Areceptors were analyzed by a receptor-binding assay. Levels of 5-HT1Areceptor protein and mRNA were also measured. Furthermore, (±)-8-hydroxy-2-(dipropylamino)tetralin hydrobromide (8-OH-DPAT; a 5-HT1Areceptor agonist) was injected intraperitoneally, and rearing behavior was examined. Social isolation stress alone did not affect 5-HT1Areceptor density or affinity. However, yokukansan significantly increased receptor density and decreased affinity concomitant with unchanged protein and mRNA levels. Yokukansan also enhanced the 8-OH-DPAT-induced decrease in rearing behavior. These results suggest that yokukansan increases 5-HT1Areceptors in the PFC of socially isolated mice and enhances their function, which might underlie its anxiolytic effects.

scholarly journals Social Isolation Stress Induces Anxious-Depressive-Like Behavior and Alterations of Neuroplasticity-Related Genes in Adult Male Mice

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessandro Ieraci ◽  
Alessandra Mallei ◽  
Maurizio Popoli
Keyword(s):  
Prefrontal Cortex ◽  
Social Isolation ◽  
Adult Male ◽  
Adrenal Glands ◽  
Plasma Corticosterone ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Male Mice ◽  
Isolation Stress ◽  
Molecular Changes ◽  
Social Isolation Stress

Stress is a major risk factor in the onset of several neuropsychiatric disorders including anxiety and depression. Although several studies have shown that social isolation stress during postweaning period induces behavioral and brain molecular changes, the effects of social isolation on behavior during adulthood have been less characterized. Aim of this work was to investigate the relationship between the behavioral alterations and brain molecular changes induced by chronic social isolation stress in adult male mice. Plasma corticosterone levels and adrenal glands weight were also analyzed. Socially isolated (SI) mice showed higher locomotor activity, spent less time in the open field center, and displayed higher immobility time in the tail suspension test compared to group-housed (GH) mice. SI mice exhibited reduced plasma corticosterone levels and reduced difference between right and left adrenal glands. SI showed lower mRNA levels of the BDNF-7 splice variant, c-Fos, Arc, and Egr-1 in both hippocampus and prefrontal cortex compared to GH mice. Finally, SI mice exhibited selectively reduced mGluR1 and mGluR2 levels in the prefrontal cortex. Altogether, these results suggest that anxious- and depressive-like behavior induced by social isolation stress correlates with reduction of several neuroplasticity-related genes in the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex of adult male mice.

scholarly journals PPAR-α Hypermethylation in the Hippocampus of Mice Exposed to Social Isolation Stress Is Associated with Enhanced Neuroinflammation and Aggressive Behavior

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (19) ◽  
pp. 10678
Author(s):  
Francesco Matrisciano ◽  
Graziano Pinna
Keyword(s):  
Social Isolation ◽  
Histone Deacetylases ◽  
Epigenetic Modification ◽  
Emotional Behavior ◽  
Peroxisome Proliferator ◽  
Neuroprotective Effects ◽  
Peroxisome Proliferator Activated Receptor ◽  
Isolation Stress ◽  
Social Isolation Stress ◽  
Socially Isolated

Social behavioral changes, including social isolation or loneliness, increase the risk for stress-related disorders, such as major depressive disorder, posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and suicide, which share a strong neuroinflammatory etiopathogenetic component. The peroxisome-proliferator activated receptor (PPAR)-α, a newly discovered target involved in emotional behavior regulation, is a ligand-activated nuclear receptor and a transcription factor that, following stimulation by endogenous or synthetic ligands, may induce neuroprotective effects by modulating neuroinflammation, and improve anxiety and depression-like behaviors by enhancing neurosteroid biosynthesis. How stress affects epigenetic mechanisms with downstream effects on inflammation and emotional behavior remains poorly understood. We studied the effects of 4-week social isolation, using a mouse model of PTSD/suicide-like behavior, on hippocampal PPAR-α epigenetic modification. Decreased PPAR-α expression in the hippocampus of socially isolated mice was associated with increased levels of methylated cytosines of PPAR-α gene CpG-rich fragments and deficient neurosteroid biosynthesis. This effect was associated with increased histone deacetylases (HDAC)1, methyl-cytosine binding protein (MeCP)2 and decreased ten-eleven translocator (TET)2 expression, which favor hypermethylation. These alterations were associated with increased TLR-4 and pro-inflammatory markers (e.g., TNF-α,), mediated by NF-κB signaling in the hippocampus of aggressive mice. This study contributes the first evidence of stress-induced brain PPAR-α epigenetic regulation. Social isolation stress may constitute a risk factor for inflammatory-based psychiatric disorders associated with neurosteroid deficits, and targeting epigenetic marks linked to PPAR-α downregulation may offer a valid therapeutic approach.

Different susceptibility of prefrontal cortex and hippocampus to oxidative stress following chronic social isolation stress

2014 ◽  
Vol 393 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 43-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jelena Zlatković ◽  
Nevena Todorović ◽  
Maja Bošković ◽  
Snežana B. Pajović ◽  
Miroslav Demajo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Prefrontal Cortex ◽  
Social Isolation ◽  
Isolation Stress ◽  
Social Isolation Stress

scholarly journals Early Social Isolation Stress and Perinatal NMDA Receptor Antagonist Treatment Induce Changes in the Structure and Neurochemistry of Inhibitory Neurons of the Adult Amygdala and Prefrontal Cortex

eNeuro ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. ENEURO.0034-17.2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Esther Castillo-Gómez ◽  
Marta Pérez-Rando ◽  
María Bellés ◽  
Javier Gilabert-Juan ◽  
José Vicente Llorens ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prefrontal Cortex ◽  
Nmda Receptor ◽  
Receptor Antagonist ◽  
Social Isolation ◽  
Nmda Receptor Antagonist ◽  
Inhibitory Neurons ◽  
Isolation Stress ◽  
Social Isolation Stress

Interaction of NaCl and behavioral stress on endogenous sodium pump ligands in rats

2001 ◽  
Vol 281 (1) ◽  
pp. R352-R358 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olga V. Fedorova ◽  
David E. Anderson ◽  
Edward G. Lakatta ◽  
Alexei Y. Bagrov
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Social Isolation ◽  
Sodium Pump ◽  
Isolation Stress ◽  
Organ Weights ◽  
Behavioral Stress ◽  
Social Isolation Stress ◽  
Socially Isolated ◽  
Stimulation Of

Our study investigated the hypothesis that the combination of a high NaCl diet and social isolation stress would increase systolic blood pressure (SBP) and endogenous sodium pump ligands (SPL), ouabainlike compound (OLC), and marinobufagenin (MBG). Excretion of MBG and OLC, SBP, and organ weights were studied in four groups ( n = 8) of male Fisher 344 × Norwegian brown rats: controls, socially isolated (Iso), 4% NaCl diet (Salt), and the combination of Salt and Iso (Iso+Salt). In Salt, MBG excretion increased by 78% ( P < 0.01), whereas SBP and OLC remained unchanged. In Iso, SBP and MBG did not change, but OLC peaked on day 1. In the Iso+Salt, SBP increased by 9 mmHg, MBG excretion increased (42.0 ± 7.6 vs. 10.0 ± 1.5 pmol/24 h, P < 0.01), whereas OLC peaked at day 1(25.0 ± 2.5 vs. 10.0 ± 2.0 pmol/24 h, P < 0.01) and remained elevated. Heart and kidney weights were increased in Salt and Iso+Salt. Aortic weights were increased in Iso and Iso+Salt. Thus a high NaCl intake stimulates MBG excretion, whereas isolation stress stimulates OLC. The combination of Salt and Iso is accompanied by marked stimulation of both SPL.

scholarly journals Ghrelin system of the brain participates in control of emotional, explorative behavior and motor activity in rats rearing in conditions of social isolation stress

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 38-45
Author(s):  
Petr D Shabanov ◽  
Petr M Vinogradov ◽  
Andrei A Lebedev ◽  
Roman O Roik ◽  
Vitalii I Morozov
Keyword(s):  
Motor Activity ◽  
Social Isolation ◽  
Positive Reinforcement ◽  
Intranasal Administration ◽  
Anxiolytic Effect ◽  
Adult Rats ◽  
Isolation Stress ◽  
Communicative Behavior ◽  
Social Isolation Stress ◽  
The Brain

Wistar rats were rearing in conditions of social isolation from others beginning with 20th day of life till adulthood (90-100 days). In adult rats, a conditioned place preference (CPP) of ethanol (0.5 g/kg ip) was trained, and behavior in open field, elevated plus maze and intruder-resident test was examined. Intranasal administration of [D-Lys3]-GHRP-6, a peptide ghrelin antagonist (10 µg in 20 µl), to isolated rats blocked formation and expression (recovery) of CPP of ethanol that supported participation of ghrelin system in regulation of positive reinforcement activated by ethanol. Intranasal administration of ghrelin (20 µg in 20 µl) to rats reared in conditions of social isolation produced a typical anxiogenic effect, elevated exploratory activity, aggression signs and reduction of communicative behavior. In rats reared in conditions of social isolation, [D-Lys3]-GHRP-6, a ghrelin antagonist, possessed anxiolytic effect, reduced explorative activity, communicative behavior and aggression. It is concluded that ghrelin system of the brain participates in control of emotional, explorative behavior and motor activity in rats rearing in conditions of social isolation stress. (For citation: Shabanov PD, Vinogradov PM, Lebedev AA, et al. Ghrelin system of the brain participates in control of emotional, explorative behavior and motor activity in rats rearing in conditions of social isolation stress. Reviews on Clinical Pharmacology and Drug Therapy. 2017;15(4):38-45. doi: 10.17816/RCF15438-45).

T1677 Changes in Ghrelin or Upper Gastrointestinal-Associated Factor Gene Expression in Mice That Are Under Social Isolation Stress or Restricted Stress

2009 ◽  
Vol 136 (5) ◽  
pp. A-556
Author(s):  
Hiroshi Takeda ◽  
Shuichi Muto ◽  
Takehiko Katsurada ◽  
Yayoi Inagaki ◽  
Kazuaki Tsuchiya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Social Isolation ◽  
Isolation Stress ◽  
Associated Factor ◽  
Factor Gene ◽  
Social Isolation Stress ◽  
Upper Gastrointestinal
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