scholarly journals The Effect of Charge at the Surface of Silver Nanoparticles on Antimicrobial Activity against Gram-Positive and Gram-Negative Bacteria: A Preliminary Study

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abbas Abbaszadegan ◽  
Yasamin Ghahramani ◽  
Ahmad Gholami ◽  
Bahram Hemmateenejad ◽  
Samira Dorostkar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Silver Nanoparticles ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Bactericidal Activity ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Proteus Vulgaris ◽  
Surface Charges ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Positively Charged

The bactericidal efficiency of various positively and negatively charged silver nanoparticles has been extensively evaluated in literature, but there is no report on efficacy of neutrally charged silver nanoparticles. The goal of this study is to evaluate the role of electrical charge at the surface of silver nanoparticles on antibacterial activity against a panel of microorganisms. Three different silver nanoparticles were synthesized by different methods, providing three different electrical surface charges (positive, neutral, and negative). The antibacterial activity of these nanoparticles was tested against gram-positive (i.e.,Staphylococcus aureus,Streptococcus mutans, andStreptococcus pyogenes) and gram-negative (i.e.,Escherichia coliandProteus vulgaris) bacteria. Well diffusion and micro-dilution tests were used to evaluate the bactericidal activity of the nanoparticles. According to the obtained results, the positively-charged silver nanoparticles showed the highest bactericidal activity against all microorganisms tested. The negatively charged silver nanoparticles had the least and the neutral nanoparticles had intermediate antibacterial activity. The most resistant bacteria wereProteus vulgaris. We found that the surface charge of the silver nanoparticles was a significant factor affecting bactericidal activity on these surfaces. Although the positively charged nanoparticles showed the highest level of effectiveness against the organisms tested, the neutrally charged particles were also potent against most bacterial species.

scholarly journals In Vitro Antibacterial Activity of Propyl-Propane-Thiosulfinate and Propyl-Propane-Thiosulfonate Derived from Allium spp. against Gram-Negative and Gram-Positive Multidrug-Resistant Bacteria Isolated from Human Samples

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio Sorlozano-Puerto ◽  
Maria Albertuz-Crespo ◽  
Isaac Lopez-Machado ◽  
Juan Jose Ariza-Romero ◽  
Alberto Baños-Arjona ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Bactericidal Activity ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Moderate Activity ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Multiresistant Bacteria

Background. The aim of this study was to compare the in vitro antibacterial activity of two compounds derived from Alliaceae, PTS (propyl-propane-thiosulfinate), and PTSO (propyl-propane-thiosulfonate), with that of other antibiotics commonly used against bacteria isolated from humans. Materials and Methods. A total of 212 gram-negative bacilli and 267 gram-positive cocci isolated from human clinical samples and resistant to at least one group of antibiotics were selected. In order to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) to various antibiotics as well as PTS and PTSO, all isolates underwent broth microdilution assay. Results. PTS showed moderate activity against Enterobacteriaceae with MIC50 (and MBC50) and MIC90 (and MBC90) values of 256-512 mg/L, while PTSO showed greater activity with MIC50 and MIC90 values of 64-128 mg/L and MBC50 and MBC90 values of 128-512 mg/L. These data show the bactericidal activity of both compounds and indicate that PTSO was more active than PTS against this group of bacteria. Both compounds showed lower activity against P. aeruginosa (MIC50 = 1024 mg/L, MIC90 = 2048 mg/L, MBC50 = 2048 mg/L, and MBC90 = 2048 mg/L, for PTS; MIC50 = 512 mg/L, MIC90 = 1024 mg/L, MBC50 = 512 mg/L, and MBC90 = 2048 mg/L, for PTSO) compared to those obtained in others nonfermenting gram-negative bacilli (MIC50 = 128 mg/L, MIC90 = 512 mg/L, MBC50 = 128 mg/L, and MBC90 = 512 mg/L, for PTS; MIC50 = 64 mg/L, MIC90 = 256 mg/L, MBC50 = 64 mg/L, and MBC90 = 256 mg/L, for PTSO) and also indicate the bactericidal activity of both compounds against these groups of bacteria. Finally, the activity against S. aureus, E. faecalis, and S. agalactiae was higher than that observed against enterobacteria, especially in the case of PTSO (MIC50 = 8 mg/L, MIC90 = 8 mg/L, MBC50 = 32 mg/L, and MBC90 = 64 mg/L, in S. aureus; MIC50 = 4 mg/L, MIC90 = 8 mg/L, MBC50 = 8 mg/L, and MBC90 = 16 mg/L, in E. faecalis and S. agalactiae). Conclusion. PTS and PTSO have a significant broad spectrum antibacterial activity against multiresistant bacteria isolated from human clinical samples. Preliminary results in present work provide basic and useful information for development and potential use of these compounds in the treatment of human infections.

scholarly journals Effect of Seasonality on Chemical Composition and Antibacterial and Anticandida Activities of Argentine Propolis. Design of a Topical Formulation

2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (10) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1200701 ◽  
Author(s):  
María Inés Isla ◽  
Yanina Dantur ◽  
Ana Salas ◽  
Carolina Danert ◽  
Catiana Zampini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Candida Species ◽  
Pharmaceutical Preparation ◽  
Pharmaceutical Formulations ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Topical Formulation ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Propolis Extract ◽  
Phenolic And Flavonoid

The effect of seasonality on Argentine propolis collected during one year on its phenolic and flavonoid content and on the growth of Gram-positive and Gram-negative antibiotic resistant bacteria and Candida species was evaluated. Extracts of propolis samples collected in the summer and spring showed higher phenolic and flavonoid contents than the samples collected in other seasons (5.86 to 6.06 mg GAE/mL and 3.77 to 4.23 mg QE/mL, respectively). The propolis collected in summer and autumn showed higher antibacterial activity (30 μg/mL) than the other samples (MIC values between 30 and 120 μg/mL). No antibacterial activity was detected against Gram-negative bacteria. Also, these extracts were able to inhibit the development of five Candida species, with MFC values of 15-120 μg/mL. Pharmaceutical formulations containing the more active propolis extract were prepared. The hydrogel of acrylic acid polymer containing summer propolis extract as an antimicrobial agent showed microbiological, physical and functional stability during storage for 180 days. The pharmaceutical preparation, as well as the propolis extracts, was active against Candida sp. and antibiotic-multi-resistant Gram-positive bacteria. These results reveal that propolis samples collected by scraping in four seasons, especially in summer in Calingasta, San Juan, Argentina, can be used to obtain tinctures and hydrogels with antibacterial and antimycotic potential for topical use.

scholarly journals Bio fabrication of silver nanoparticles with antibacterial and cytotoxic abilities using lichens

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mona A. Alqahtani ◽  
Monerah R. Al Othman ◽  
Afrah E. Mohammed
Keyword(s):  
Silver Nanoparticles ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Synergistic Effect ◽  
Cancer Cell ◽  
Spherical Particles ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Vis Spectroscopy ◽  
Hct 116

Abstract Recently, increase bacterial resistance to antimicrobial compounds issue constitutes a real threat to human health. One of the useful materials for bacterial control is Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs). Researchers tend to use biogenic agents to synthesize stable and safe AgNPs. The principal aim of this study was to investigate the ability of lichen in AgNPs formation and to find out their suppression ability to MDR bacteria as well as their cytotoxic activity. In the current study, lichens (Xanthoria parietina, Flavopunctelia flaventior) were collected from the south of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Lichens methanolic extracts were used for conversion of Ag ions to AgNPs. Prepared biogenic AgNPs were characterized by Ultraviolet–Visible (UV–Vis) Spectroscopy, Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS) and Zeta potential and Energy-Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDS). Lichens Secondary metabolites were determined by Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry (GC–MS). The antibacterial activity and synergistic effect of AgNPs were evaluated against pathogenic bacteria, including gram-positive; Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), Vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus (VRE), and gram-negative; (Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli) as well as the reference strains (ATCC) using the agar disk diffusion method. Cytotoxic effect of biogenic AgNPs was tested against HCT 116 (Human Colorectal Cancer cell), MDA-MB-231 (Breast cancer cell), and FaDu (Pharynx cancer cell) by MTT test. TEM imaging showed well-dispersed spherical particles of 1–40 nm size as well as zeta size showed 69–145 nm. Furthermore, FTIR and GC–MS identified various lichen chemical molecules. On the other hand, the highest antibacterial activity of AgNPs was noticed against P. aeruginosa, followed by MRSA, VRE, and E. coli. AgNPs influence on gram-negative bacteria was greater than that on gram-positive bacteria and their synergistic effect with some antibiotics was noted against examined microbes. Moreover, higher cytotoxicity for biogenic AgNPs against FaDu and HCT 116 cell line in relation to MDA-MB-231 was noted. Given the current findings, the biogenic AgNPs mediated by lichens had positive antibacterial, synergistic and cytotoxic powers. Therefore, they might be considered as a promising candidate to combat the multi-drug resistance organisms and some cancer cells.

scholarly journals In VitroAntibacterial Activity of AZD0914, a New Spiropyrimidinetrione DNA Gyrase/Topoisomerase Inhibitor with Potent Activity against Gram-Positive, Fastidious Gram-Negative, and Atypical Bacteria

2014 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 467-474 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael D. Huband ◽  
Patricia A. Bradford ◽  
Linda G. Otterson ◽  
Gregory S. Basarab ◽  
Amy C. Kutschke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Legionella Pneumophila ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Dna Gyrase ◽  
Cross Resistance ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Topoisomerase Inhibitor

ABSTRACTAZD0914 is a new spiropyrimidinetrione bacterial DNA gyrase/topoisomerase inhibitor with potentin vitroantibacterial activity against key Gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus,Staphylococcus epidermidis,Streptococcus pneumoniae,Streptococcus pyogenes, andStreptococcus agalactiae), fastidious Gram-negative (Haemophilus influenzaeandNeisseria gonorrhoeae), atypical (Legionella pneumophila), and anaerobic (Clostridium difficile) bacterial species, including isolates with known resistance to fluoroquinolones. AZD0914 works via inhibition of DNA biosynthesis and accumulation of double-strand cleavages; this mechanism of inhibition differs from those of other marketed antibacterial compounds. AZD0914 stabilizes and arrests the cleaved covalent complex of gyrase with double-strand broken DNA under permissive conditions and thus blocks religation of the double-strand cleaved DNA to form fused circular DNA. Whereas this mechanism is similar to that seen with fluoroquinolones, it is mechanistically distinct. AZD0914 exhibited low frequencies of spontaneous resistance inS. aureus, and if mutants were obtained, the mutations mapped togyrB. Additionally, no cross-resistance was observed for AZD0914 against recent bacterial clinical isolates demonstrating resistance to fluoroquinolones or other drug classes, including macrolides, β-lactams, glycopeptides, and oxazolidinones. AZD0914 was bactericidal in both minimum bactericidal concentration andin vitrotime-kill studies. Inin vitrocheckerboard/synergy testing with 17 comparator antibacterials, only additivity/indifference was observed. The potentin vitroantibacterial activity (including activity against fluoroquinolone-resistant isolates), low frequency of resistance, lack of cross-resistance, and bactericidal activity of AZD0914 support its continued development.

scholarly journals PSIX-20 Antibacterial activity of an essential oil combination against several common enteropathogens in swine production

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 184-184
Author(s):  
Bernat Canal ◽  
Luis Mesas ◽  
Cinta Sol ◽  
Monica Puyalto ◽  
Ana Carvajal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Synergistic Effects ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Active Principle ◽  
Swine Production ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Minimum Concentration ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Broth Microdilution Method

Abstract Essential oils (EOs) have different mechanisms, most of them targeting the bacterial wall. This fact can explain differences in the effectivity of EOs between Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Therefore, combining certain EOs can broaden their individual spectrum of efficacy due to potential synergistic effects. This trial aimed to test the in vitro antibacterial activity of an EO combination (oregano and clove oils) against a collection of relevant bacterial pathogens in swine production. The Gram-negative bacterial species chosen were Salmonella enterica ssp. enterica, Escherichia coli and Brachyspira hyodysenteriae and the Gram-positive bacterial species were Clostridium perfringens and Streptococcus suis. In addition, Lactobacillus fermentum was included to compare the susceptibility between this beneficial intestinal bacteria and the pathogens tested. The broth microdilution method at pH 6 and the subculturing from wells without bacterial growth were used to determine the minimum concentration of active principle necessary to inhibit (MIC) or kill (MBC) the 50% and 90% (MIC50/90/MBC50/90) of the population of every bacteria. The results showed that the lowest MIC50/90 were obtained for B. hyodysenteriae (37.5/75 ppm) while for S. enterica ssp. enterica (150/300 ppm), C. perfringens (150/150 ppm), E. coli (300/300 ppm) and S. suis (150/300 ppm) results were similar. Regarding the MBC50/90; B. hyodysenteriae (18.8/75 ppm) was the most susceptible pathogen, again, compared to S. enterica ssp. enterica (300/300 ppm), C. perfringens (150/150 ppm), E. coli (300/300 ppm) and S. suis (150/300 ppm). In contrast, the highest bacteriostatic/bactericidal concentrations were obtained against L. fermentum (MIC50/90 600/1,200 ppm and MBC50/90 600/2,400 ppm). These results suggest that the bacterial category (Gram-positive or Gram-negative) did not have an influence on the MIC and MBC. It can also be concluded that B. hyodysenteriae is the most susceptible enteropathogen to this EO blend. However, the in vivo effect of this combination of EOs must be further studied.

scholarly journals Molecular Characterization of Zinc (Zn) Resistant Bacteria in Banger River, Pekalongan, Indonesia

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 622-628
Author(s):  
Fitri Arum Sasi ◽  
Hermin Pancasakti Kusumaningrum ◽  
Anto Budiharjo
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Selective Medium ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Indigenous Bacteria ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Sequences Analysis

Indigenous bacteria are able to remove the metals contamination in environment. This study aimed to assess the resistance of bacterial species to Zinc (Zn) in Banger River, Pekalongan City. The bacteria from three different parts of Banger River were isolated and inoculated in Zn-selective medium. Then, molecular identification to determine the bacteria species was conducted using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) by applying forward-reverse 16SrRNA gene primers. The sequences analysis was conducted using MUSCLE and MEGA6. There were seven dominant species that possibly resistant to Zn. Approximately, every isolate could reach more than 95 % from 2000 ppm of Zn in the medium. The higher absorption of Zn was found in Z5 isolate. The seven bacteria species were clustered into nine genera i.e. Klebsiela, Xenorhabdus, Cronobacter, Enterobacter, Escherichia, Shigella and Sporomusa known as Gram Negative bacteria and Clostridium and Bacillus as Gram Positive bacteria. In Gram Positive bacteria, especially Bacillus sp, carboxyl group in peptidoglycan play a role as metal binder. In Gram-negative bacteria, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) which is highly anionic component on the outer membrane, able to catch the Zn. Besides that, Enterobacter activates endogen antioxidants such as glutathione peroxidase (GSHPx), glutathione reductase (GR), catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD). The research found there was possible seven novel indigenous bacteria species in Banger that able to remove Zn from the sediment extremely. This finding can be developed as an eco-friendly approach to reduce metals pollution using local microorganisms.

scholarly journals Nybomycin Inhibits both Fluoroquinolone-Sensitive and Fluoroquinolone-Resistant Escherichia coli DNA Gyrase

2021 ◽  
Vol 65 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dmitrii I. Shiriaev ◽  
Alina A. Sofronova ◽  
Ekaterina A. Berdnikovich ◽  
Dmitrii A. Lukianov ◽  
Ekaterina S. Komarova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Dna Gyrase ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Mutant Form ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Topoisomerase Iv ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Content Type

ABSTRACT Bacterial type II topoisomerases, DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV, are targets of many antibiotics, including fluoroquinolones (FQs). Unfortunately, a number of bacterial species easily acquire resistance to FQs by mutations in either DNA gyrase or topoisomerase IV genes. The emergence of resistant pathogenic strains is a global problem in health care; therefore, identifying alternative pathways to thwart their persistence is the current frontier in drug discovery. Nybomycins are an attractive class of compounds, reported to be “reverse antibiotics” that selectively inhibit growth of some Gram-positive FQ-resistant bacteria by targeting the mutant form of DNA gyrase while being inactive against wild-type strains with FQ-sensitive gyrases. The strong “reverse” effect was demonstrated only for a few Gram-positive organisms resistant to FQs due to the S83L/I mutation in the GyrA subunit of DNA gyrase. However, the activity of nybomycins has not been extensively explored among Gram-negative species. Here, we observed that in a ΔtolC strain of the Gram-negative Escherichia coli with enhanced permeability, wild-type gyrase and a GyrA S83L mutant, resistant to fluoroquinolones, are similarly sensitive to nybomycin.

scholarly journals Development of Methionyl-tRNA Synthetase Inhibitors as Antibiotics for Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections

2017 ◽  
Vol 61 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Omeed Faghih ◽  
Zhongsheng Zhang ◽  
Ranae M. Ranade ◽  
J. Robert Gillespie ◽  
Sharon A. Creason ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein Synthesis ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Bacterial Load ◽  
Trna Synthetase ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Methionyl Trna Synthetase

ABSTRACT Antibiotic-resistant bacteria are widespread and pose a growing threat to human health. New antibiotics acting by novel mechanisms of action are needed to address this challenge. The bacterial methionyl-tRNA synthetase (MetRS) enzyme is essential for protein synthesis, and the type found in Gram-positive bacteria is substantially different from its counterpart found in the mammalian cytoplasm. Both previously published and new selective inhibitors were shown to be highly active against Gram-positive bacteria with MICs of ≤1.3 μg/ml against Staphylococcus, Enterococcus, and Streptococcus strains. Incorporation of radioactive precursors demonstrated that the mechanism of activity was due to the inhibition of protein synthesis. Little activity against Gram-negative bacteria was observed, consistent with the fact that Gram-negative bacterial species contain a different type of MetRS enzyme. The ratio of the MIC to the minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) was consistent with a bacteriostatic mechanism. The level of protein binding of the compounds was high (>95%), and this translated to a substantial increase in MICs when the compounds were tested in the presence of serum. Despite this, the compounds were very active when they were tested in a Staphylococcus aureus murine thigh infection model. Compounds 1717 and 2144, given by oral gavage, resulted in 3- to 4-log decreases in the bacterial load compared to that in vehicle-treated mice, which was comparable to the results observed with the comparator drugs, vancomycin and linezolid. In summary, the research describes MetRS inhibitors with oral bioavailability that represent a class of compounds acting by a novel mechanism with excellent potential for clinical development.

scholarly journals Antibacterial Activity of Green-Synthesized Silver Nanoparticles Using Areca catechu Extract against Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria

Nanomaterials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 205
Author(s):  
Jeong Choi ◽  
Hyon Jung ◽  
Yeon Baek ◽  
Bo Kim ◽  
Min Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Silver Nanoparticles ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Sem Images ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
Areca Catechu ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Green Synthesized Silver Nanoparticles

In this work, the antibacterial activity of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) synthesized using Areca catechu extracts against three species of antibiotic-susceptible and three species of resistant bacteria was investigated. The effects of this plant were more promising when compared with other medicinal plants tested. The hydrothermal extract of Areca catechu was mixed with silver nitrate to synthesize AgNPs. The synthesized particle characteristics were analyzed by UV–Vis spectrophotometry, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), dynamic light scattering (DLS), and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). Minimum inhibitory concentration and minimum bactericidal concentration tests were conducted to confirm antibacterial activity and the results showed that AgNPs synthesized using Areca catechu extracts effectively inhibited the growth of bacterial species. Moreover, the SEM images of the bacterial species treated with AgNPs synthesized with Areca catechu extracts showed that clusters of AgNPs were attached to the surface of the bacterial cell wall, which could induce destruction of the cell membranes. The results suggest that AgNPs synthesized with Areca catechu extracts have the potential to treat antibiotic-resistant bacteria known as the major cause of nosocomial infections.

The Fabrication of Poly(Σ-caprolactone)–Poly(ethylene oxide) Sandwich Type Nanofibers Containing Sericin-Capped Silver Nanoparticles as an Antibacterial Wound Dressing

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (5) ◽  
pp. 3041-3049
Author(s):  
Murat İnal ◽  
Zehra Gün Gök ◽  
Name Perktaş ◽  
Gozde Elif Kartal ◽  
Naciye Banu Verim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Silver Nanoparticles ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Ethylene Oxide ◽  
Wound Dressing ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Layer Material ◽  
Poly Ethylene Oxide ◽  
Poly Ethylene ◽  
Average Size

In this study, antibacterial, synthetic poly(Σ-caprolactone)–poly(ethylene oxide) (PCL–PEO) multilayer nanofibers were produced by an electrospinning method. The material was synthesized in 3 layers. The upper–lower protective layers were produced by PCL nanofibers and the intermediate layer was produced from PEO nanofiber containing sericin-capped silver nanoparticles (S-AgNPs). The electrospinning conditions in which nano-sized, smooth, bead-free fibers were obtained was determined to be an applied voltage of 20 kV, a flow rate of 8 μL/min and a distance between the collector and the needle tip of 22 cm for the PCL layer (dissolved at a 12% g/mL concentration in a chloroform:methanol (3:2) solvent mixture) layer. For the S-AgNPs doped PEO layer (dissolved at a 3.5% g/mL concentration in water), the corresponding conditions were determined to be 20 kV, 15 μL/min and 20 cm. To characterize the three-layer material that consisted of PCL and S-AgNPs doped PEO layers, FTIR and SEM analyses were performed, and the water retention capacity, in situ degradability and antibacterial activity of the material was investigated. According to SEM analysis, the fibers obtained were found to be nano-sized, smooth and bead-free and the average size of the nanofibers forming the PCL layer was 687 nm while the average size of the fibers forming the PEO layer was 98 nm. Antibacterial activity tests were performed using gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538) and gram-negative (Escherichia coli ATCC 25922) bacteria and the resulting biomaterial was found to have antimicrobial effect on both gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria. It was determined that the 3-layer material obtained in this study can be used as a wound dressing.

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