scholarly journals The Effects of Reduction Mammaplasty on Serum Leptin Levels and Insulin Resistance

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Hakan Uzun ◽  
Ozan Bitik ◽  
Yahya Baltu ◽  
Çiğdem Sönmez ◽  
Ayşegül Öztürk Kaymak
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Reduction Mammaplasty ◽  
The Body ◽  
Fatty Tissue ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Homeostasis Model Assessment ◽  
Serum Leptin

Background.The reduction mammaplasty has been a well-executed and known procedure in which considerable amount of fatty tissue is removed from the body. The authors aimed to show the effects of the reduction mammaplasty on serum leptin levels and insulin resistance.Methods.42 obese female patients who had gigantomastia were operated on. We recorded patients’ demographic and preoperative data, including age, weight, height, and body mass index. Fasting serum leptin, glucose, and insulin levels were noted. Homeostasis model assessment scores were calculated. At the postoperative 8th week, patients were reevaluated in terms of above parameters assessing the presence of any difference.Results.Serum leptin levels were decreased postoperatively and the decrease was statistically significant. We were able to show a decrease in homeostasis model assessment score, which indicated an increase in insulin sensitivity, and this change was statistically significant. A significant correlation between body mass index and leptin change was found postoperatively.Conclusion.Reduction mammaplasty is not solely an aesthetic procedure but it decreases serum leptin levels and increases insulin sensitivity, which may help obese women to reduce their cardiovascular risk.

scholarly journals Modulation of Adiponectin and Leptin during Refeeding of Female Anorexia Nervosa Patients

2007 ◽  
Vol 92 (5) ◽  
pp. 1843-1847 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dalit Modan-Moses ◽  
Daniel Stein ◽  
Clara Pariente ◽  
Amit Yaroslavsky ◽  
Anka Ram ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Anorexia Nervosa ◽  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Female Adolescent ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Homeostasis Model Assessment ◽  
Hmw Adiponectin ◽  
Total Adiponectin

Abstract Context: Several studies assessed adiponectin levels in anorexia nervosa (AN) patients, however, data regarding the dynamics of changes in adiponectin levels during refeeding of these patients is limited and contradicting. Objective: Our objective was to assess adiponectin levels and the distribution of its different isoforms in AN patients before and after long-term refeeding, and to relate them to alterations in body mass index, leptin, insulin sensitivity, and additional endocrine parameters. Design, Setting, and Participants: We conducted a longitudinal controlled study of 38 female adolescent malnourished AN inpatients, with 13 young, lean, healthy women serving as controls. Blood samples were obtained upon admission and thereafter at 1, 3, and 5 months (at target weight). Main Outcome Measures: Changes in body mass index, leptin, adiponectin, insulin sensitivity, and adiponectin multimeric forms were measured. Results: At admission, leptin levels of AN patients were significantly lower, whereas insulin sensitivity (assessed by homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance), adiponectin levels, and the ratio of high molecular weight (HMW) adiponectin to total adiponectin were significantly higher compared with controls. During weight recovery, leptin levels and homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance increased significantly, whereas adiponectin and HMW adiponectin/total adiponectin ratio decreased significantly, to levels similar to controls. An initial increase in adiponectin levels was observed after 1 month of refeeding. There was no correlation between adiponectin and either T4 or cortisol levels. Conclusions: Our study demonstrates hyperadiponectinemia, increased adiponectin HMW isoform, and increased insulin sensitivity in adolescent AN female patients and reversal of these findings with weight rehabilitation. We hypothesize that increased adiponectin levels may have a protective role in maintaining energy homeostasis during extreme malnourishment.

scholarly journals Correlation between Body Mass Index and Homa Index in Bariatric Patients

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-38
Author(s):  
Paula Dejeu ◽  
Viorel Dejeu ◽  
Dănuț Dejeu ◽  
Bembea Marius
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Bariatric Surgery ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
The Body ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Homa Index ◽  
Homeostasis Model Assessment ◽  
Bariatric Patients ◽  
Gastric By Pass

Abstract Background and aims: Overweight and obese individuals are prone to an insulin resistance status assessed in the present study by the HOMA index ("Homeostasis model assessment"). This prospective study assessed the body mass index (BMI) and the insulin resistance status (HOMA index) in obese patients after bariatric surgery (gastric sleeve, gastric by-pass). Material and Methods: The study included 48 patients who were assessed before the bariatric surgery and at 6 months thereafter. The assessment included the body mass index (BMI) and the HOMA index before meal. Results: There was a significant positive correlation between BMI and HOMA index, mostly between weight loss and improvement in insulin resistance status (rho = 0.308, p = 0.0335). Conclusions: BMI decreases significantly after bariatric surgery, which correlates positively with an improvement in insulin resistance status.

scholarly journals Circulating Irisin in Relation to Insulin Resistance and the Metabolic Syndrome

2013 ◽  
Vol 98 (12) ◽  
pp. 4899-4907 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyung Hee Park ◽  
Lesya Zaichenko ◽  
Mary Brinkoetter ◽  
Bindiya Thakkar ◽  
Ayse Sahin-Efe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Homeostasis Model Assessment ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Baseline Serum ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Increased Risk

Context: Irisin, a recently identified hormone, has been proposed to regulate energy homeostasis and obesity in mice. Whether irisin levels are associated with risk of the metabolic syndrome (MetS), cardiometabolic variables, and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk in humans remains unknown. Objective: Our objective was to assess the associations between baseline serum irisin levels and MetS, cardiometabolic variables, and CVD risk. Design, Setting, and Subjects: We conducted a comparative cross-sectional evaluation of baseline circulating levels of the novel hormone irisin and the established adipokine adiponectin with MetS, cardiometabolic variables, and CVD risk in a sample of 151 subjects. Results: Baseline irisin levels were significantly higher in subjects with MetS than in subjects without MetS. Irisin was associated negatively with adiponectin (r = −0.4, P < .001) and positively with body mass index (r = 0.22, P = .008), systolic (r = 0.17, P = .04) and diastolic (r = 0.27, P = .001) blood pressure, fasting glucose (r = 0.25, P = .002), triglycerides (r = 0.25, P = .003), and homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance (r = 0.33, P < .001). After adjustment for potential confounders, including body mass index, subjects in the highest tertile of irisin levels were more likely to have MetS (odds ratio [OR] = 9.44, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 2.66–33.44), elevated fasting blood glucose (OR = 5.80, 95% CI = 1.72–19.60), high triglycerides (OR = 3.89, 95% CI = 1.16–13.03), and low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (OR = 3.30, 95% CI = 1.18–9.20). Irisin was independently associated with homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance and general Framingham risk profile in multiple linear regression analyses after adjustment for confounders. Adiponectin demonstrated the expected associations with outcomes. Conclusions: Irisin is associated with increased risk of MetS, cardiometabolic variables, and CVD in humans, indicating either increased secretion by adipose/muscle tissue and/or a compensatory increase of irisin to overcome an underlying irisin resistance in these subjects.

scholarly journals Pigment epithelium-Derived Factor (PEDF) Varies with Body Composition and Insulin Resistance in Healthy Young People

2012 ◽  
Vol 97 (11) ◽  
pp. E2114-E2118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyle L. Sunderland ◽  
Jeanie B. Tryggestad ◽  
Joshua J. Wang ◽  
April M. Teague ◽  
Lauren V. Pratt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Pigment Epithelium ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Homeostasis Model Assessment ◽  
Pigment Epithelium Derived Factor ◽  
Males And Females

Context: Pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF) was recently implicated as a metabolic regulatory protein because plasma concentration was increased in obese or insulin resistant adults. To our knowledge, circulating PEDF values in children have not been reported. Because PEDF is a predictor of metabolic health in adults, it may have a similar impact on metabolic profiles in children. Objective: The objective of the study was to determine whether PEDF in normal-weight (NW) and overweight/obese (OW) children and young adults varies with age, sex, or body composition or is associated with clinical markers of metabolic disease. Setting: Volunteers were tested at the University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center. Participants: Ninety-one NW (8–30 yr old) and 105 OW (8–35 yr old) males and females participated in the study. Main Outcome Measures: Body composition, blood pressure, arterial compliance, fasting plasma PEDF, glucose, insulin, (used for homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance), triglycerides, cholesterol (total, low density lipoprotein, and high density lipoprotein), and C-reactive protein. Results: PEDF was 60% higher in the OW vs. NW participants but did not differ between males and females. PEDF was positively correlated with body mass, body mass index, fat and lean mass, fasting insulin, and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance in both the NW and OW groups. Multiple regression models revealed that fat and lean mass were significant predictors of circulating PEDF levels independent of age, sex, and body mass index category. Conclusions: Plasma PEDF is elevated in OW youth and is positively associated with insulin resistance. These findings suggest that PEDF may play a role in the development of cardiometabolic dysfunction in youth.

scholarly journals TRI-PONDERAL MASS INDEX IS USEFUL FOR SCREENING CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS WITH INSULIN RESISTANCE

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Felipe Silva Neves ◽  
Rafael de Oliveira Alvim ◽  
Divanei Zaniqueli ◽  
Virgilia Oliveira Pani ◽  
Caroline Resende Martins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Public Schools ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
The Body ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Homeostatic Model Assessment ◽  
Z Scores ◽  
Homeostatic Model

ABSTRACT Objective: To investigate whether tri-ponderal mass index and body mass index Z scores are equivalent for screening children and adolescents with insulin resistance. Methods: Cross-sectional study with 296 children and adolescents enrolled at public schools of Vitória, Espírito Santo, Brazil, aged eight to 14 years. The tri-ponderal mass index was calculated as the ratio between weight and height cubed. The body mass index was calculated as the ratio between weight and height squared. Insulin resistance was defined with the homeostatic model assessment (HOMA-IR). Results: The HOMA-IR was higher in the 4th quartile of body mass index Z scores and tri-ponderal mass index compared to 1st and 2nd quartiles for both girls and boys. The areas under the age-adjusted receiver operating characteristic curves were similar between the indices for girls (body mass index Z scores=0.756; tri-ponderal mass index=0.763) and boys (body mass index Z scores=0.831; tri-ponderal mass index=0.843). In addition, according to the simple linear regression analyses estimations, both body mass index Z scores and tri-ponderal mass index explained a significant fraction of the homeostatic model assessment variability for girls (body mass index Z scores: R2=0.269; tri-ponderal mass index: R2=0.289; p<0.001) and boys (body mass index Z scores: R2=0.175; tri-ponderal mass index: R2=0.210; p<0.001). Conclusions: The tri-ponderal mass index and body mass index Z scores were similar to discriminate children and adolescents with insulin resistance. It is noteworthy that the use of tri-ponderal mass index is clearly advantageous, because it can be calculated with no concerns on adjustments for the age, a fact that makes it very applicable in the clinical practice.

scholarly journals Human-Specific Function of IL-10 in Adipose Tissue Linked to Insulin Resistance

2019 ◽  
Vol 104 (10) ◽  
pp. 4552-4562 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan R Acosta ◽  
Beatriz Tavira ◽  
Iyadh Douagi ◽  
Agné Kulyté ◽  
Peter Arner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Flow Cytometry ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Fat Cell ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Abstract Objective Although IL-10 is generally considered as an anti-inflammatory cytokine, it was recently shown to have detrimental effects on insulin sensitivity and fat cell metabolism in rodents. Whether this also pertains to human white adipose tissue (hWAT) is unclear. We therefore determined the main cellular source and effects of IL-10 on human adipocytes and hWAT-resident immune cells and its link to insulin resistance. Methods Associations between hWAT IL-10 production and metabolic parameters were investigated in 216 participants with large interindividual variations in body mass index and insulin sensitivity. Adipose cells expressing or secreting IL-10 and the cognate IL-10 receptor α (IL10RA) were identified by flow cytometry sorting. Effects on adipogenesis, lipolysis, and inflammatory/metabolic gene expression were measured in two human primary adipocyte models. Secretion of inflammatory cytokines was investigated in cultures of IL-10–treated hWAT macrophages and leukocytes by Luminex analysis (Luminex Corp.). Results IL-10 gene expression and protein secretion in hWAT correlated positively with body mass index (BMI) and homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). Gene expression analyses in mature fat cells and flow cytometry–sorted hWAT-resident adipocyte progenitors, macrophages, and leukocytes demonstrated that the expression of IL-10 and the IL10RA were significantly enriched in proinflammatory M1 macrophages. In contrast to murine data, functional studies showed that recombinant IL-10 had no effect on adipocyte phenotype. In hWAT-derived macrophages and leukocytes, it induced an anti-inflammatory profile. Conclusion In hWAT, IL-10 is upregulated in proinflammatory macrophages of obese and insulin-resistant persons. However, in contrast to findings in mice, IL-10 does not directly affect human adipocyte function.

scholarly journals Distribution of Adiponectin, Leptin, and Metabolic Correlates of Insulin Resistance: A Longitudinal Study in British Children; 1: Prepuberty (EarlyBird 15)

2008 ◽  
Vol 54 (8) ◽  
pp. 1298-1306 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael J Murphy ◽  
Jo Hosking ◽  
Brad S Metcalf ◽  
Linda D Voss ◽  
Alison N Jeffery ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Sex Hormone Binding Globulin ◽  
Childhood And Adolescence ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
British Children

Abstract Background: The emergence of type 2 diabetes in young populations has mirrored a rising prevalence of obesity and insulin resistance during childhood and adolescence. At the same time, the role of adipokines as links between obesity and insulin resistance is becoming more appreciated. We sought to establish age- and sex-specific distributions of metabolic correlates of insulin resistance in healthy prepubertal children. Methods: We collected fasting blood samples from a contemporary cohort of 307 British children at ages 5, 6, 7, and 8 years and measured insulin, glucose, triglycerides, total and HDL cholesterol, urate, glycohemoglobin, sex hormone–binding globulin (SHBG), leptin, and adiponectin. We used homeostasis model assessment (HOMA 2) to estimate insulin sensitivity (HOMA-%S) and β-cell function (HOMA-%B). Anthropometric measures included body mass index. Results: Body mass index increased from age 5 to 8 years (P &lt; 0.001). HOMA-%B decreased (P &lt; 0.001) and HOMA-%S increased (P &lt; 0.05), but glucose also increased (P &lt; 0.001) whereas glycohemoglobin decreased (P &lt; 0.001). Consistent with the rise in insulin sensitivity, HDL cholesterol increased (P &lt; 0.001) and triglycerides decreased (NS), whereas adiponectin decreased (P = 0.02). The patterns were similar in boys and girls, although girls were less insulin sensitive throughout. Accordingly, triglycerides tended to be higher in the girls, and HDL cholesterol and SHBG lower. Conclusions: The metabolic disturbances associated with insulin resistance appear to be more advanced in girls. Markers of metabolic health improve in both sexes from 5 to 8 years, despite rising adiposity.

Magnesium intake, insulin resistance and markers of endothelial function among women

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Narges Ghorbani Bavani ◽  
Parvane Saneei ◽  
Ammar Hassanzadeh Keshteli ◽  
Ahmadreza Yazdannik ◽  
Ebrahim Falahi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Endothelial Dysfunction ◽  
Endothelial Function ◽  
Adhesion Molecule ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Intercellular Adhesion Molecule ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Serum Concentrations ◽  
Homeostasis Model Assessment

Abstract Objective: We investigated the association of dietary Mg intake with insulin resistance and markers of endothelial function among Iranian women. Design: A cross-sectional study. Setting: Usual dietary intakes were assessed using a validated FFQ. Dietary Mg intake was calculated by summing up the amount of Mg in all foods. A fasting blood sample was taken to measure serum concentrations of glycemic indices (fasting plasma glucose and insulin) and endothelial function markers (E-selectin, soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (sICAM-1) and soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule-1). Insulin resistance and sensitivity were estimated using the Homeostasis Model Assessment-Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR), Homeostasis Model Assessment β-cell function (HOMA-β) and quantitative insulin sensitivity check index (QUICKI). Participants: Iranian female nurses (n 345) selected by a multistage cluster random sampling method. Results: The Mg intake across energy-adjusted quartiles was 205 (se 7), 221·4 (se 8), 254·3 (se 7) and 355·2 (se 9) mg/d, respectively. After adjustments for potential confounders, QUICKI level was significantly different across quartiles of Mg intake (Q1: 0·34 (se 0·02), Q2: 0·36 (se 0·01), Q3: 0·40 (se 0·01), and Q4: 0·39 (se 0·02), P = 0·02); however, this association disappeared after considering markers of endothelial function, indicating that this relation might be mediated through endothelial dysfunction. After controlling for all potential confounders, Mg intake was inversely, but not significantly, associated with serum concentrations of sICAM (Q1: 239 (se 17), Q2: 214 (se 12), Q3: 196 (se 12), and Q4: 195 (se 17), P = 0·29). There was no other significant association between dietary Mg intake and other indicators of glucose homoeostasis or endothelial markers. Conclusions: Higher dietary Mg intake was associated with better insulin sensitivity in Iranian females. This linkage was mediated through reduced endothelial dysfunction.

scholarly journals Plasma resistin, adiponectin and leptin levels in lean and obese subjects: correlations with insulin resistance

2003 ◽  
Vol 149 (4) ◽  
pp. 331-335 ◽  
Author(s):  
JV Silha ◽  
M Krsek ◽  
JV Skrha ◽  
P Sucharda ◽  
BL Nyomba ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Fasting Insulin ◽  
Homeostasis Model Assessment ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Obese Subjects ◽  
The Relationship

OBJECTIVE: Adipose tIssue regulates insulin sensitivity via the circulating adipocytokines, leptin, resistin and adiponectin. The objective of this study was to compare the levels of resistin, adiponectin and leptin in lean and obese subjects and determine the relationship between circulating adipocytokines and insulin resistance. METHODS: We examined plasma levels of resistin, adiponectin and leptin in 17 lean subjects with a mean body mass index (BMI) of approximately 23 and 34 non-diabetic obese individuals with a mean BMI approximately 33. Insulin resistance was assessed using the homeostasis model assessment ratio (HOMA-R) formula derived from fasting insulin and glucose levels. RESULTS: Resistin levels were not significantly different between the two groups but were significantly higher in women compared with men, 35.4+/-6.5 (s.e.) vs 15.4+/-2.9 microg/L, P<0.01. Resistin did not correlate with BMI but did significantly correlate with HOMA-R, P<0.01, and this correlation remained significant after adjustment for gender and BMI. Adiponectin levels were significantly lower in obese compared with lean subjects, P<0.005, and higher in women, P<0.001, but showed no significant correlation with HOMA-R. Leptin levels were significantly higher in obese subjects and women and correlated with HOMA-R and resistin. DISCUSSION: In this small group of patients we demonstrated that insulin resistance correlated most strongly with leptin levels. A significant correlation between resistin levels and insulin resistance was also observed. Although a similar trend was apparent for adiponectin, the correlation with insulin resistance did not achieve statistical significance.

Analysis of candidate genes in Polish families with obesity

2004 ◽  
Vol 42 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Malgorzata Malczewska-Malec ◽  
Iwona Wybranska ◽  
Iwona Leszczynska-Golabek ◽  
Lukasz Partyka ◽  
Jadwiga Hartwich ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Tolerance Test ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Sensitivity Index ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome

AbstractThis study analyzes the relationship between risk factors related to overweight/obesity, insulin resistance, lipid tolerance, hypertension, endothelial function and genetic polymorphisms associated with: i) appetite regulation (leptin, melanocortin-3-receptor (MCR-3), dopamine receptor 2 (D2R)); ii) adipocyte differentiation and insulin sensitivity (peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γThe 122 members of 40 obese Caucasian families from southern Poland participated in the study. The genotypes were analyzed by restriction fragment length polymorphism-polymerase chain reaction (RFLP-PCR) or by direct sequencing. Phenotypes related to obesity (body mass index (BMI), fat/lean body mass composition, waist-to-hip ratio (WHR)), fasting lipids, glucose, leptin and insulin, as well as insulin during oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) (4 points within 2 hours) and during oral lipid tolerance test (OLTT) (5 points within 8 hours) were assessed. The insulin sensitivity indexes: homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance, whole body insulin sensitivity index, hepatic insulin sensitivity and early secretory response to an oral glucose load (HOMA-IR, ISI-COMP, ISI-HOMA and DELTA) were calculated.The single gene mutations such as CWe conclude that the polymorphisms we investigated were weakly correlated with obesity but significantly modified the risk factors of the metabolic syndrome.

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