scholarly journals Simultaneous Determination of Salicylic Acid, Jasmonic Acid, Methyl Salicylate, and Methyl Jasmonate fromUlmus pumilaLeaves by GC-MS

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhi-hong Huang ◽  
Zhi-li Wang ◽  
Bao-lin Shi ◽  
Dong Wei ◽  
Jian-xin Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salicylic Acid ◽  
Jasmonic Acid ◽  
Methyl Jasmonate ◽  
Methyl Salicylate ◽  
Acid Level ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Acid Methyl ◽  
Primary Secondary Amine ◽  
Jasmonic Acid Level

Salicylic acid, jasmonic acid, methyl salicylate, and methyl jasmonate are important phytohormones and defensive signaling compounds, so it is of great importance to determine their levels rapidly and accurately. The study usesUlmus pumilaleaves infected byTetraneura akinire Sasakiat different stages as materials; after extraction with 80% methanol and ethyl acetate and purification with primary secondary amine (PSA) and graphitized carbon blacks (GCB), the contents of signal compounds salicylic acid, jasmonic acid, methyl salicylate, and methyl jasmonate were determined by GC-MS. The results showed that the level of salicylic acid, jasmonic acid, methyl salicylate, and methyl jasmonate increased remarkably inU. pumilaonce infected byT. akinire Sasaki, but the maximums of these four compounds occurred at different times. Salicylic acid level reached the highest at the early stage, and jasmonic acid level went to the maximum in the middle stage; by contrast, change of content of methyl salicylate and methyl jasmonate was the quite opposite.

scholarly journals Eliciting Plant Defenses Through Herbivore-Induced Plant Volatiles’ Exposure in Sweet Peppers

2022 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chaymaa Riahi ◽  
Jhonn González-Rodríguez ◽  
Miquel Alonso-Valiente ◽  
Alberto Urbaneja ◽  
Meritxell Pérez-Hedo
Keyword(s):  
Salicylic Acid ◽  
Jasmonic Acid ◽  
Methyl Jasmonate ◽  
Plant Volatiles ◽  
Methyl Salicylate ◽  
Plant Defenses ◽  
Sweet Pepper ◽  
Induced Plant Volatiles ◽  
Herbivore Induced Plant Volatiles ◽  
Pepper Plants

Insect herbivory activates plant defense mechanisms and releases a blend of herbivore-induced plant volatiles (HIPVs). These volatile compounds may be involved in plant-plant communication and induce defense response in undamaged plants. In this work, we investigated whether the exposure of sweet pepper plants to HIPVs [(Z)-3-hexenol, (Z)-3-hexenyl acetate, (Z)-3-hexenyl propanoate, (Z)-3-hexenyl butanoate, hexyl butanoate, methyl salicylate and methyl jasmonate] activates the sweet pepper immune defense system. For this, healthy sweet pepper plants were individually exposed to the each of the above mentioned HIPVs over 48 h. The expression of jasmonic acid and salicylic acid related genes was quantified. Here, we show that all the tested volatiles induced plant defenses by upregulating the jasmonic acid and salicylic acid signaling pathway. Additionally, the response of Frankliniella occidentalis, a key sweet pepper pest, and Orius laevigatus, the main natural enemy of F. occidentalis, to HIPV-exposed sweet pepper plants were studied in a Y-tube olfactometer. Only plants exposed to (Z)-3-hexenyl propanoate and methyl salicylate repelled F. occidentalis whereas O. laevigatus showed a strong preference to plants exposed to (Z)-3-hexenol, (Z)-3-hexenyl propanoate, (Z)-3-hexenyl butanoate, methyl salicylate and methyl jasmonate. Our results show that HIPVs act as elicitors to sweet pepper plant defenses by enhancing defensive signaling pathways. We anticipate our results to be a starting point for integrating HIPVs-based approaches in sweet pepper pest management systems which may provide a sustainable strategy to manage insect pests in horticultural plants.

scholarly journals Plant Root Hair Growth in Response to Hormones

2018 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 278-281 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dejian ZHANG ◽  
Chunyan LIU ◽  
Yujie YANG ◽  
Qiangsheng WU ◽  
Yeyun LI
Keyword(s):  
Jasmonic Acid ◽  
Methyl Jasmonate ◽  
Root Hair ◽  
Hair Growth ◽  
Reverse Genetics ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Plant Root ◽  
Root Surface Area ◽  
Acid Methyl ◽  
Root Hair Growth

Plant root hair is tubular projections from the root epidermis. Its can increase root surface area, which is very important for nutrients and water uptake as well as interaction with soil microorganisms. In this short review, we discussed the effects of hormones (auxin, ethylene, jasmonic acid, methyl jasmonate, strigolactones, and brassinosteroids) on root hair growth. It was highlight the interaction between auxin and ethylene on root hair growth. Furthermore, the mechanisms of jasmonic acid, methyl jasmonate, strigolactone and brassinosteroids on root hair growth may through auxin or ethylene signaling pathway partly. In future, more genes relating to root hair growth needed clone and elucidate their roles, as well as undertaking reverse genetics and mutant complementation studies to add the current knowledge of the signaling networks, which are involved in root hair growth that regulated by hormones.

scholarly journals Enhanced production of valtrate in hairy root cultures of Valeriana jatamansi Jones by methyl jasmonate, jasmonic acid and salicylic acid elicitors

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 839-848
Author(s):  
Shuang ZHAO ◽  
Hong TANG
Keyword(s):  
Salicylic Acid ◽  
Jasmonic Acid ◽  
Methyl Jasmonate ◽  
Hairy Root ◽  
Hairy Roots ◽  
Hairy Root Cultures ◽  
Root Cultures ◽  
Potent Inducer ◽  
Valeriana Jatamansi ◽  
Pharmacologically Active

Valtrate is a pharmacologically active epoxyiridoid ester found in the roots and rhizomes of Valeriana jatamansi Jones. The plant produces only small amounts of this metabolite naturally, and so induction of hairy roots as well as elicitation can be useful to increase its commercial production. In this study, strain R1601 of Agrobacterium rhizogenes was used to induce hairy roots in V. jatamansi, and stable hairy root cultures of V. jatamansi were established successfully. The influence of three exogenous elicitors including methyl jasmonate (MJ), jasmonic acid (JA) and salicylic acid (SA) on valtrate production in the hairy root cultures of V. jatamansi was also investigated, and the 25-day-old hairy root cultures were treated with different concentrations of the elicitors at exposure time of 7 days. This present study showed that MJ (100 mg/L) highly promoted valtrate production at 7 days after elicitation, to a level of 3.63 times higher than that of non-elicited control. SA did not significantly increase the production of valtrate. This is the first-time study to assess the elicitation of hairy root cultures to promote valtrate biosynthesis in V. jatamansi and the resulting experiments demonstrated that MJ was indeed a potent inducer of valtrate biosynthesis.

scholarly journals Effect of Different Levels of Catalysts and Chemicals Primer on Content of Induced Callus Tissue of Cotyledon Leaves of Spilanthes Acmella Seedlings on Some Chemical Traits in Vitro

2021 ◽  
Vol 923 (1) ◽  
pp. 012010
Author(s):  
Ekhlas Meteab Ahmed Marir
Keyword(s):  
Salicylic Acid ◽  
Methyl Jasmonate ◽  
Casein Hydrolysate ◽  
Plant Tissues ◽  
Acid Methyl ◽  
Engineering Sciences ◽  
Spilanthes Acmella ◽  
Total Carbohydrates ◽  
Chemical Traits

Abstract This experiment was conducted in the Plant Tissue Culture Laboratory, College of Agricultural Engineering Sciences, University of Baghdad for the period from September/2018 to July 2019. The induced callus from the cotyledon leaves of seedlings of the Spilanthes acmella plant was used in order to know the effect of chemical catalysts and Starmedium was added to Glutamine (250, 300, 350) mgters on the chemical content. After 4 weeks of planting, the primary callus was planted at 150 mg in the nutrient medium supplemented with auxin,4-dichlorophenoxy acetic acid (2,4-D) 2.0 mg.L−1 and cytokinin Benzyl Adenine (BA) 0.5 mg.L−1 at constant concentrations in the first five medium, to which the catalyst was added salicylic acid at concentrations (25, 50, 75) μmol). The second medium was added to methyl jasmonate at concentrations (25, 50, 75 μmol) of the third medium was added to Casein hydrolysate at concentrations (25, 50, 75 μmol) of the fourth medium was added to Glutamine (250, 300, 350) mg. L−1. The results showed that the treatment of nutritional medium with high concentrations of stimulants and primer led to a significant increase in the content of plant tissues (the induced callus from the cotyledons) of total carbohydrates, the percentage of protein, the content of callus from the carotene pigment and content of proline, while the comparison treatment was the most effective in vegetable tissue contents of total carbohydrates and protein percentage and content of callus from the carotene pigment and proline, as well as this confirms that all treatments led to a positive and direct increase of chemical compounds content of plant tissues of chemical traits, especially in the treatment of Salicylic acid, methyl jasmonate, casein hydrolysate, glutamine, and phenylalanine (75 micromoles, 75 micromoles, 75 micromoles, 350 mg.L−1, 150 micromoles) respectively, were followed by the treatments of Salicylic acid, methyl jasmonate, casein hydrolysate, glutamine and phenylalanine (50 μmol, 50 μmol, 50 μmol, 300 mg.L−1, 100 μmol), respectively. The aim of this study is to know the effect of Salicylic acid, methyl jasmonate, casein hydrolysate, glutamine, and phenylalanine in the induction and differentiation of callus of cotyledon leaves cotyledon leaves of Spilanthes acmella seedlings on some chemical traits in vitro.

Jasmonic Acid and Environments Increase Steroidal Glycoalkaloid Biosynthesis in Solanum chacoense

HortScience ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 456b-456 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhenbang Chen ◽  
N. Jean Flickinger ◽  
A. Raymond Miller
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Arachidonic Acid ◽  
Jasmonic Acid ◽  
Methyl Jasmonate ◽  
Solanum Chacoense ◽  
Acid Methyl ◽  
Potato Beetle ◽  
Steroidal Glycoalkaloid ◽  
Different Levels

Steroidal glycoalkaloids in Solanum chacoense have been found to deter feeding by herbivores, especially to Colorado potato beetle. The steroidal glycoalkaloids of S. chacoense include solanine (chaconine), leptinines, and leptines, which yield solanidine, leptinidine, and acetylleptinidine, respectively, upon acid hydrolysis. To understand the regulation of their biosynthesis, tissue culture plants were grown on MS media containing jasmonic acid, methyl jasmonate, or arachidonic acid at different levels. After 1 month in culture, 100 μM jasmonic acid stimulated solanidine, leptinidine, and acetylleptinidine accumulation 3- to 10-fold compared to control. Methyl jasmonate at 100 μM also induced solanidine accumulation, but not leptinidine and acetylleptinidine. Arachidonic acid had no effect on solanidine, leptinidine, and acetylletptinidine levels. Furthermore, leptinidine and acetylleptinidine levels increased 5-fold and 100-fold, respectively, after plants were transferred from culture in vitro to soil; meanwhile, solanidine level decreased slightly. Solanidine, leptinidine and acetylleptinidine from plants in vitro showed no changes during the same period. Our results indicated that jasmonic acid and environmental factors play important roles in the biosynthesis of steroidal glycoalkaloids in S. chacoense.

Lipoxygenase in Caragana jubata responds to low temperature, abscisic acid, methyl jasmonate and salicylic acid

Gene ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 483 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 49-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pardeep Kumar Bhardwaj ◽  
Jagdeep Kaur ◽  
Ranbir Chander Sobti ◽  
Paramvir Singh Ahuja ◽  
Sanjay Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Salicylic Acid ◽  
Abscisic Acid ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Methyl Jasmonate ◽  
Acid Methyl
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