scholarly journals Theoretical and Experimental Optical Evaluation and Comparison of Symmetric 2D CPC and V-Trough Collector for Photovoltaic Applications

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Damasen Ikwaba Paul
Keyword(s):  
Simulation Analysis ◽  
Optical Efficiency ◽  
Compound Parabolic Concentrator ◽  
Pv Module ◽  
Photovoltaic Applications ◽  
Ray Trace ◽  
Simulation Results ◽  
Solar Energy Flux ◽  
Isolated Cell ◽  
Outdoor Experiments

This paper presents theoretical and experimental optical evaluation and comparison of symmetric Compound Parabolic Concentrator (CPC) and V-trough collector. For direct optical properties comparison, both concentrators were deliberately designed to have the same geometrical concentration ratio (1.96), aperture area, absorber area, and maximum concentrator length. The theoretical optical evaluation of the CPC and V-trough collector was carried out using a ray-trace technique while the experimental optical efficiency and solar energy flux distributions were analysed using an isolated cell PV module method. Results by simulation analysis showed that for the CPC, the highest optical efficiency was 95% achieved in the interval range of 0° to ±20° whereas the highest outdoor experimental optical efficiency was 94% in the interval range of 0° to ±20°. For the V-tough collector, the highest optical efficiency for simulation and outdoor experiments was about 96% and 93%, respectively, both in the interval range of 0° to ±5°. Simulation results also showed that the CPC and V-trough exhibit higher variation in non-illumination intensity distributions over the PV module surface for larger incidence angles than lower incidence angles. On the other hand, the maximum power output for the cells with concentrators varied depending on the location of the cell in the PV module.

A Novel Lens-Walled Compound Parabolic Concentrator for Photovoltaic Applications

2012 ◽  
Vol 134 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuehong Su ◽  
Gang Pei ◽  
Saffa B. Riffat ◽  
Hulin Huang
Keyword(s):  
Concentration Ratio ◽  
Incidence Angle ◽  
Small Degree ◽  
Photovoltaic System ◽  
Acceptance Angle ◽  
Optical Efficiency ◽  
Concentrate Solar Radiation ◽  
Compound Parabolic Concentrator ◽  
Photovoltaic Applications ◽  
The Common

A compound parabolic concentrator (CPC) is a nonimaging concentrator that can concentrate solar radiation coming within its acceptance angle. A low concentration CPC photovoltaic system has the advantages of reduced Photovoltaics (PVs) cell size, increased efficiency and stationary operation. The acceptance angle of a CPC is associated with its geometrical concentration ratio, by which the size of PV cell could be reduced. Truncation is a way to increase the actual acceptance angle of a mirror CPC, but it also reduces the geometrical concentration ratio. On the other hand, a solid dielectric CPC can have a much larger acceptance angle, but it has a larger weight. To overcome these drawbacks, this study presents a novel lens-walled CPC that has a thin lens attached to the inside of a common mirror CPC or has the lens to be mirror coated on its outside surface. The shape of the lens is formed by rotating the parabolic curves of a CPC by a small degree internally around the top end points of the curves. The refraction of the lens allows the lens-walled CPC to concentrate light from wider incidence angle. The commercial optical analysis software PHOTOPIA is used to verify the principle of the presented lens-walled CPC and examine its optical performance against the common CPCs. As an example, the simulation is aimed to evaluate whether a lens-walled CPC with a geometrical concentration ratio of 4 has any advantage over a common CPC with a geometrical concentration ratio of 2.5 in terms of actual acceptance angle, optical efficiency and optical concentration ratio.

scholarly journals Analysis and comparison of optical performance and collectible solar energy between multi-sectioned compound parabolic concentrator (CPC) and restricted exit angle CPC

1970 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 457-471
Author(s):  
Damasen Ikwaba Paul
Keyword(s):  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Energy Flux ◽  
Flux Distribution ◽  
Simulation Analysis ◽  
Radiation Energy ◽  
Exit Angle ◽  
Optical Performance ◽  
Optical Efficiency ◽  
Angular Acceptance ◽  
Ray Trace

This study was conducted to analyse and compare the optical performance and collectible solar radiation energy of two different Compound Parabolic Concentrators (CPCs): multi-sectioned CPC (hereafter called M-CPC) and restricted exit angle CPC (hereafter called R-CPC) so as to ascertain the best CPC for photovoltaics applications. For easy comparison between M-CPC and R-CPC, a standard CPC (hereafter called S-CPC) was also designed. A detailed ray trace simulation analysis was undertaken to compare ray trace diagrams, angular acceptance, optical efficiency and energy flux distribution of the three CPCs. Results indicated that the angular acceptance and optical efficiency of the three CPCs were the same (100%) between 0º and 15º incidence angles, but significantly varied above 15º. On the other hand, solar radiation distribution on the solar cell was more uniform for the M-CPC than that of S-CPC and R-CPC. In terms of annual solar radiation collection, results indicated that both S-CPC and M-CPC collected approximately the same amount of energy (49,500 W/m2). Furthermore, the energy collected by S-CPC or M-CPC was higher than that collected by R-CPC by about 23%. Therefore, based on the energy flux distribution and collectible solar radiation energy, M-CPC is the best concentrator for photovoltaics applications. Keywords: Multi-sectioned CPC, restricted exit angle CPC, optical performance, collectible solar radiation energy

scholarly journals A New Approach for Design Optimization and Parametric Analysis of Symmetric Compound Parabolic Concentrator for Photovoltaic Applications

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 4606
Author(s):  
Faisal Masood ◽  
Perumal Nallagownden ◽  
Irraivan Elamvazuthi ◽  
Javed Akhter ◽  
Mohammad Azad Alam
Keyword(s):  
Parametric Analysis ◽  
Concentration Ratio ◽  
Synergistic Effects ◽  
Geometric Optimization ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Imaging Device ◽  
Compound Parabolic Concentrator ◽  
Photovoltaic Applications ◽  
Half Angle ◽  
The Impact

A compound parabolic concentrator (CPC) is a non-imaging device generally used in PV, thermal, or PV/thermal hybrid systems for the concentration of solar radiation on the target surface. This paper presents the geometric design, statistical modeling, parametric analysis, and geometric optimization of a two-dimensional low concentration symmetric compound parabolic concentrator for potential use in building-integrated and rooftop photovoltaic applications. The CPC was initially designed for a concentration ratio of “2×” and an acceptance half-angle of 30°. A MATLAB code was developed in house to provoke the CPC reflector’s profile. The height, aperture width, and concentration ratios were computed for different acceptance half-angles and receiver widths. The interdependence of optical concentration ratio and acceptance half-angle was demonstrated for a wide span of acceptance half-angles. The impact of the truncation ratio on the geometric parameters was investigated to identify the optimum truncation position. The profile of truncated CPC for different truncation positions was compared with full CPC. A detailed statistical analysis was performed to analyze the synergistic effects of independent design parameters on the responses using the response surface modeling approach. A set of optimized design parameters was obtained by establishing specified optimization criteria. A 50% truncated CPC with an acceptance half-angle of 21.58° and receiver width of 193.98 mm resulted in optimum geometric dimensions.

scholarly journals Design and Fabrication of Absorptive/Reflective Crossed CPC PV/T System

Designs ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 29
Author(s):  
Muhsin Aykapadathu ◽  
Mehdi Nazarinia ◽  
Nazmi Sellami
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Control ◽  
Solar Concentrator ◽  
Cnc Milling ◽  
Acceptance Angle ◽  
Optical Efficiency ◽  
Compound Parabolic Concentrator ◽  
Building Integrated Photovoltaic ◽  
New Generation ◽  
Experimental Rig ◽  
T System

A crossed compound parabolic concentrator (CCPC) is a non-imaging concentrator which is a modified form of a circular 3D compound parabolic concentrator (CPC) obtained by orthogonal intersection of two 2D CPCs that have an optical efficiency in line with that of 3D CPC. The present work is about the design and fabrication of a new generation of solar concentrator: the hybrid photovoltaic (PV)/thermal absorptive/reflective CCPC module. The module has a 4× CCPC structure truncated to have a concentration of 3.6× with a half acceptance angle of 30°. Furthermore, an experimental rig was also fabricated to test the performance of the module and its feasibility in real applications such as building-integrated photovoltaic (BIPV). 3D printing and Computer Numerical Control (CNC) milling technologies were utilized to manufacture the absorber and reflective parts of the module.

Simulation Analysis and Optimization of Lubricating Oil System

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiongxiao Wu ◽  
Jianjun Wang ◽  
Jingming Chen ◽  
Pengzheng Li
Keyword(s):  
Simulation Model ◽  
Simulation Analysis ◽  
Sudden Change ◽  
Pressure Change ◽  
Lubricating Oil ◽  
Maximum Pressure ◽  
Closing Time ◽  
Original Design ◽  
Relief Valve ◽  
Simulation Results

Abstract Based on the one-dimensional simulation model of lubricating oil system is established and analyzed by using FLOWMASTER software, this paper proposes a new method of optimizing lubricating oil system by PID technology. Ensure that the configuration requirements and control strategies of the relevant accessories of the simulation model are satisfied with the design requirements. Firstly, by simulating lubricating oil pressure fluctuation and lubricating oil flow distribution under Open/Close Valve in different opening and closing time, the optimal opening/closing time of Open/Close Valve is determined to be 0.2 s and 0.5 s respectively. Secondly, by writing the controller script file combined with a controller to realize automatic unloading relief valve simulation, determine the relief valve pressure regulating range of 0∼0.38 MPa, For precision of constant pressure valve of oil spill, the simulation results show that the average 10 m3/h flow caused by pressure changes of about 0.06 MPa. Under the flow sudden change signal of about 40 m3/h, the maximum pressure change is less than 0.1 MPa. Through the simulation results, it is found that most of the lubrication parts in the original design have the phenomenon of flow redundancy, which causes unnecessary pump power loss. The system is optimized by PID technology. By comparing the simulation results before and after optimization, it is found that the speed of constant displacement pump could be changed in time by PID controller, and the flow redundancy could be improved significantly, so the lubricating oil system could be lower consumption and achieve the purpose of optimization.

scholarly journals Research on Fault Diagnosis of Hydraulic System of Fast Erecting Device Based on Fuzzy Neural Network

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yangbing Zheng ◽  
Xiao Xue ◽  
Jisong Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Fault Diagnosis ◽  
Bp Neural Network ◽  
Hydraulic System ◽  
Fuzzy Neural Network ◽  
Simulation Analysis ◽  
Fuzzy Relation ◽  
Analysis Procedure ◽  
Fuzzy Neural ◽  
Simulation Results

In order to improve the fault diagnosis effectiveness of hydraulic system in erecting devices, the fuzzy neural neural network is applied to carry out fault diagnosis of hydraulic system. Firstly, the main faults of hydraulic system of erecting mechanism are summarized. The main faults of hydraulic system of erecting devices concludes abnormal noise, high temperature of hydraulic oil of hydraulic system, leakage of hydraulic system, low operating speed of hydraulic system, and the characteristics of different faults are analyzed. Secondly, basic theory of fuzzy neural network is studied, and the framework of fuzzy neural network is designed. The inputting layer, fuzzy layer, fuzzy relation layer, relationship layer after fuzzy operation and outputting layer of fuzzy neural network are designed, and the corresponding mathematical models are confirmed. The analysis procedure of fuzzy neural network is established. Thirdly, simulation analysis is carried out for a hydraulic system in erecting device, the BP neural network reaches convergence after 600 times iterations, and the fuzzy neural network reaches convergence after 400 times iterations, fuzzy neural network can obtain higher accuracy than BP neural network, and running time of fuzzy neural network is less than that of BP neural network, therefore, simulation results show that the fuzzy neural network can effectively improve the fault diagnosis efficiency and precision. Therefore, the fuzzy neural network is reliable for fault diagnosis of hydraulic system in erecting devices, which has higher fault diagnosis effect, which can provide the theory basis for healthy detection of hydraulic system in erecting devices.

scholarly journals Simulation Analysis of Magnetic Gradient Full-Tensor Measurement System

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Lei Xu ◽  
Ning Zhang ◽  
Liqing Fang ◽  
Huadong Chen ◽  
Pengfei Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Dipole ◽  
Measurement System ◽  
Measurement Accuracy ◽  
Simulation Analysis ◽  
Magnetic Gradient ◽  
Measurement Systems ◽  
Magnetometer Array ◽  
Array Structure ◽  
Simulation Results ◽  
Planar Measurement

The magnetic gradient full-tensor measurement system is diverse, and the magnetometer array structure is complex. Aimed at the problem, seven magnetic gradient full-tensor measurement system models are studied in detail. The full-tensor measurement theories of the tensor measurement arrays are analyzed. Under the same baseline distance, the magnetic dipole model is used to simulate the measurement system. Based on different measurement systems, the paper quantitatively compares and analyzes the error of the structure. A more optimized magnetic gradient full-tensor measurement system is suggested. The simulation results show that the measurement accuracy of the planar measurement system is slightly higher than that of the stereo measurement system. Among them, the cross-shaped and square measurement systems have relatively smaller structural errors and higher measurement accuracy.

scholarly journals SIMULATION ANALYSIS OF THE INFLUENCE OF GOVERNMENT MINIMUM EXPENDITURE AND WAGE EXPENDITURE IN THE SIMULTANEOUS INDUSTRIAL SECTOR MODEL OF DKI JAKARTA PROVINCE

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 96-107
Author(s):  
Freddy Wangke
Keyword(s):  
Minimum Wage ◽  
Least Squares Method ◽  
Simulation Analysis ◽  
Industrial Sector ◽  
Provincial Government ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Estimation Model ◽  
Simulation Results ◽  
The Government ◽  
Simultaneous Model

The purpose of the study was to determine the effect of increasing expenditure and increasing the minimum wage of the government in the simultaneous model of the industrial sector of DKI Jakarta province. The estimation model in the simultaneous model of the industrial sector of DKI province uses the 2 SLS (Two-Stage Least Squares) method. The simulation results of a 10% increase in the expenditure of the provincial government of DKI has resulted in an increase of investment of 4.72%, production growth of 0.19%, employment of 0.17%, an increase in production costs by 0.24%, and company profits increased by 0.10%. On the other hand, the simulation results of a 10% increase in the provincial minimum wage has resulted in a decrease in labor absorption by 0.55%, a decrease in production in the industrial sector has resulted in 0.21%, a decrease in investment by 0.07%, and a decrease in production costs by 0.04%.

Dynamic Simulation Analysis of the Crane Hoisting Process Based on Adams

2014 ◽  
Vol 940 ◽  
pp. 132-135 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi Fan Zhao ◽  
Ling Sha ◽  
Yi Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Simulation ◽  
Simulation Analysis ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Wire Rope ◽  
Dynamics Simulation ◽  
Dimensional Model ◽  
Analysis Model ◽  
Three Dimensional Model ◽  
Adams Software ◽  
Simulation Results

Established the dynamics simulation analysis model of crane hoisting mechanism based on the theory of dynamics in Adams software, and then through the three dimensional model of lifting mechanism dynamics entities, the constraints, load, drive can be added, the motion law can be defined to simulation analysis the change of the force of wire rope, the change of displacement, velocity and acceleration of lifting weight in the lifting process. On the basis of the simulation results, it can make a great improvement for the structure of crane and provide a meaningful theoretical reference for the hoisting machinery innovation design.

Preliminary simulation analysis of the temperature fluctuation effect on Taiji-1 Laser interferometer

2021 ◽  
pp. 2140003
Author(s):  
Xiaoqin Deng ◽  
Ran Yang ◽  
Yu Niu ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Temperature Fluctuation ◽  
Laser Interferometer ◽  
Simulation Analysis ◽  
Optical Path Difference ◽  
Path Difference ◽  
Optical Simulation ◽  
The Finite Element Method ◽  
Fluctuation Noise ◽  
Fluctuation Amplitude ◽  
Simulation Results

Space-borne gravitational wave detection imposes a demanding requirement on the sensitivity of the laser interferometer. Among all disturbances that affect the measurement accuracy of the laser interferometer, temperature fluctuations contribute significantly. In this paper, the structure model and the interference path design of Taiji-1 laser interferometer have been used to conduct a preliminary simulation analysis of the temperature fluctuation noise through the finite element method. The temperature, the displacement and the optical path difference fluctuations have been obtained and theoretically analyzed. The preliminary simulation results are consistent with the theoretical analysis, which shows that the thermal–structural–optical simulation scheme adopted in this paper is reasonable. With the preliminary simulation results and the actual temperature control of Taiji-1 laser interferometer, we estimate that in Taiji-1 laser interferometer system, the temperature fluctuation is below the order of mK, the node displacement is within [Formula: see text][Formula: see text]pm, and the interference arm length difference fluctuation amplitude of the laser interferometer is also within [Formula: see text][Formula: see text]pm.

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