scholarly journals Design of Microwave Multibandpass Filters with Quasilumped Resonators

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dejan Miljanović ◽  
Milka Potrebić ◽  
Dejan V. Tošić
Keyword(s):  
Filter Design ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Design Procedure ◽  
Electric Circuit ◽  
Microwave Filters ◽  
Coupled Resonators ◽  
Circuit Element ◽  
Filter Structure ◽  
3D Em ◽  
Physical Dimensions

Design of RF and microwave filters has always been the challenging engineering field. Modern filter design techniques involve the use of the three-dimensional electromagnetic (3D EM) solvers for predicting filter behavior, yielding the most accurate filter characteristics. However, the 3D EM simulations are time consuming. In this paper, we propose electric-circuit models, instead of 3D EM models, suitable for design of RF and microwave filters with quasilumped coupled resonators. Using the diakoptic approach, the 3D filter structure is decomposed into domains that are modeled by electric networks. The coupling between these domains is modeled by capacitors and coupled inductors. Furthermore, we relate the circuit-element values to the physical dimensions of the 3D filter structure. We propose the filter design procedure that is based on the circuit models and fast circuit-level simulations, yielding the element values from which the physical dimensions can be obtained. The obtained dimensions should be slightly refined for achieving the desired filter characteristics. The mathematical problems encountered in the procedure are solved by numerical and symbolic computations. The procedure is exemplified by designing a triple-bandpass filter and validated by measurements on the fabricated filter. The simulation and experimental results are in good agreement.

Microwave Filter Design Optimized for Ceramic Multilayer Technique

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 (CICMT) ◽  
pp. 000199-000202
Author(s):  
Peter Uhlig ◽  
Juergen Kassner ◽  
Carsten Guenner ◽  
Elke Noack
Keyword(s):  
Filter Design ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Microwave Filters ◽  
Band Pass Filter ◽  
Pass Filter ◽  
Millimetre Wave ◽  
Filter Performance ◽  
Filter Synthesis ◽  
Microwave Engineering ◽  
Manufacturing Tolerances

Abstract Low Temperature Co-fired Ceramic (LTCC) is a proven packaging technology for microwave and millimetre-wave applications. Advanced low-loss material systems and improved manufacturing technology facilitate economic and highly reliable packaging solutions for automotive, telecom, medical and security applications. One of the virtues of LTCC is the option to integrate all kinds of components into the multilayer. Embedded passives include resistors, capacitors and inductors. Moving matching networks and filters into inner layers is further increasing density of integration. Microwave filters in LTCC can be used as an integral part of a larger package but also as single components mounted as drop-in or SMT. Ceramic multilayer technology allows for new filter concepts with three-dimensional routing and integration. Tolerances in material properties and manufacturing are challenges to be met with the design and production of microwave filters. Tape thickness, permittivity, shrinkage, registration of conductor pattern to via position, conductor width and thickness are some of the parameters that influence filter performance and reproducibility. This paper shall compare two different concepts for a 20 GHz band pass filter regarding their sensitivity to manufacturing tolerances. An optimized filter design shows improved robustness against manufacturing tolerances. This concept particularly reduces the sensitivity to registration tolerances of conductors and ground vias. A filter synthesis and simulation which takes into account systematic and random manufacturing effects takes out some of the guesswork of filter design and fabrication. It will also reduce the trial and error loops traditionally involved with this part of microwave engineering.

scholarly journals Compact microwave triple-mode bandpass filter in planar technology

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 217-228 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Plazinic ◽  
Milka Potrebic ◽  
Dejan Tosic ◽  
Milan Plazinic
Keyword(s):  
Common Ground ◽  
Filter Design ◽  
Ground Plane ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Center Frequency ◽  
Dielectric Layers ◽  
Filter Size ◽  
3D Em ◽  
Triple Mode ◽  
Mode Resonator

This paper introduces a novel microwave planar filter design using triple?mode resonator. In order to achieve the filter size reduction we use the multilayer technology. The structure consists of two dielectric layers separated by a common ground plane. The triple ? mode resonator consists of two dualmode resonators which are placed on different sides of dielectric layers. Electrical connection between the two resonators is realized by using a via-hole. We use the dual-mode resonator with the short circuited central stub. The filter is designed for the center frequency of 1 GHz. In order to reduce the simulation time for the filter design, we propose a new circuit model, because the circuitlevel simulations are significantly faster than three-dimensional electromagnetic (3D EM) simulations. The 3D filter structure is decomposed into domains and each of them is modeled by a microwave network. The results of the 3D EM simulation and circuit-level simulation are in good agreement.

scholarly journals Design and Optimization of Rectangular Waveguide Filter based on Direct Coupled Resonators

2017 ◽  
Vol 63 (4) ◽  
pp. 375-380 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehdi Damou ◽  
Keltouma Nouri ◽  
Mohammed Feham ◽  
Mohammed Chetioui
Keyword(s):  
Fourth Order ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Rectangular Waveguide ◽  
Design Procedure ◽  
Center Frequency ◽  
Coupled Resonators ◽  
High Frequency Structure Simulator ◽  
Filter Structure ◽  
Frequency Structure ◽  
Waveguide Filter

Abstract The waveguide filter structure is treated by two softwares (HFSS (High Frequency Structure Simulator) and CST (Computer Simulation Technology)). Numerical example is given in this article to demonstrate, step by step, the application of the approach to the design of resonator, direct coupled waveguide and microstrip filters based on electromagnetic (EM) simulations. For this design procedure, the filter structure is simulated by successively adding one resonator at a time. To continue the work illustrates how to design a fourth order coupled resonator based rectangular waveguide circuit in the traditional way. With a large number of variables, such tuning work consumes a lot of time and the convergence of the final result is not guaranteed. A fourth order X-band bandpass filter with a center frequency of 11 GHz and a fractional bandwidth FBW = 0,0273 is designed using this procedure and presented here as an example. The simulated results by CST are presented and compared withthe results simulated by a high-frequency structure simulator. Good agreement between the simulated HFSSand simulated results by CST is observed.

scholarly journals Robust H∞ Loop Shaping Controller Synthesis for SISO Systems by Complex Modular Functions

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 21
Author(s):  
Ahmad Taher Azar ◽  
Fernando E. Serrano ◽  
Nashwa Ahmad Kamal
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Closed Loop ◽  
Complex Analysis ◽  
Controller Design ◽  
Filter Design ◽  
Design Procedure ◽  
Elliptic Functions ◽  
Loop System ◽  
Closed Loop System ◽  
Loop Shaping

In this paper, a loop shaping controller design methodology for single input and a single output (SISO) system is proposed. The theoretical background for this approach is based on complex elliptic functions which allow a flexible design of a SISO controller considering that elliptic functions have a double periodicity. The gain and phase margins of the closed-loop system can be selected appropriately with this new loop shaping design procedure. The loop shaping design methodology consists of implementing suitable filters to obtain a desired frequency response of the closed-loop system by selecting appropriate poles and zeros by the Abel theorem that are fundamental in the theory of the elliptic functions. The elliptic function properties are implemented to facilitate the loop shaping controller design along with their fundamental background and contributions from the complex analysis that are very useful in the automatic control field. Finally, apart from the filter design, a PID controller loop shaping synthesis is proposed implementing a similar design procedure as the first part of this study.

scholarly journals Protocol for preparation of heterogeneous biological samples for 3D electron microscopy: a case study for insects

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexey A. Polilov ◽  
Anastasia A. Makarova ◽  
Song Pang ◽  
C. Shan Xu ◽  
Harald Hess
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Biological Samples ◽  
Focused Ion Beam ◽  
Ion Beam ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Entire Volume ◽  
Simple Protocol ◽  
3D Electron Microscopy ◽  
3D Em

AbstractModern morphological and structural studies are coming to a new level by incorporating the latest methods of three-dimensional electron microscopy (3D-EM). One of the key problems for the wide usage of these methods is posed by difficulties with sample preparation, since the methods work poorly with heterogeneous (consisting of tissues different in structure and in chemical composition) samples and require expensive equipment and usually much time. We have developed a simple protocol allows preparing heterogeneous biological samples suitable for 3D-EM in a laboratory that has a standard supply of equipment and reagents for electron microscopy. This protocol, combined with focused ion-beam scanning electron microscopy, makes it possible to study 3D ultrastructure of complex biological samples, e.g., whole insect heads, over their entire volume at the cellular and subcellular levels. The protocol provides new opportunities for many areas of study, including connectomics.

Macromolecular Structure Visualization Tools at NCMI

2000 ◽  
Vol 6 (S2) ◽  
pp. 282-283
Author(s):  
Matthew Dougherty ◽  
Wah Chiu
Keyword(s):  
Human Factors ◽  
3D Visualization ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Theoretical Models ◽  
Biological Research ◽  
Macromolecular Structure ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Visualization Tools ◽  
Types Of Information ◽  
3D Em

Sophisticated tools are needed to examine the results of cyro-microscopy. As the size and resolution of three dimensional macromolecular structures steadily improve, and the speed at with which they can be generated increases, researchers are finding they are inundated with larger datasets and at the same time are compelled to expediently evaluate these structures in unforeseen ways. Integration of EM data with other types of information is becoming necessary and routine; for example X-ray data, 3D EM reconstructions, and theoretical models, must be evaluated in concert to discount or propose hypothesis. To create such tools, the developer must take into account not only the empirical and theoretical possibilities, but also they must master the human factors and computational limits. During the last five years, the National Center for Macromolecular Imaging (NCMI) has progressed from a remedial 3D visualization capability to a collection of visualization tools allowing researchers to focus on the discovery phase of biological research.

Multi-Objective Optimization of a Microturbine Compact Recuperator

2008 ◽  
Vol 130 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Diego Micheli ◽  
Valentino Pediroda ◽  
Stefano Pieri
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Numerical Procedure ◽  
Design Procedure ◽  
Domain Size ◽  
Multidisciplinary Optimization ◽  
Computational Domain ◽  
Surface Geometry ◽  
Multi Objective ◽  
Flux Boundary Conditions

An automatic approach for the multi-objective shape optimization of microgas turbine heat exchangers is presented. According to the concept of multidisciplinary optimization, the methodology integrates a CAD parametric model of the heat transfer surfaces, a three-dimensional meshing tool, and a CFD solver, all managed by a design optimization platform. The repetitive pattern of the surface geometry has been exploited to reduce the computational domain size, and the constant flux boundary conditions have been imposed to better suit the real operative conditions. A new approach that couples cold and warm fluids in a periodic unitary cell is introduced. The effectiveness of the numerical procedure was verified comparing the numerical results with available literature data. The optimization objectives are maximizing the heat transfer rate and minimizing both friction factor and heat transfer surface. The paper presents the results of the optimization of a 50kWMGT recuperator. The design procedure can be effectively extended and applied to any industrial heat exchanger application.

Multi Mode Vibration Control and Broder Band Motion Control of Three Dimensional Shaking Table

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tsunehiro Wakasugi ◽  
Toru Watanabe ◽  
Kazuto Seto
Keyword(s):  
Vibration Control ◽  
Controller Design ◽  
Design Method ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Design Procedure ◽  
Equation System ◽  
State Equation ◽  
Shaking Table ◽  
Mode Vibration ◽  
And Control

This paper deals with a new system design method for motion and vibration control of a three-dimensional flexible shaking table. An integrated modeling and controller design procedure for flexible shaking table system is presented. An experimental three-dimensional shaking table is built. “Reduced-Order Physical Model” procedure is adopted. A state equation system model is composed and a feedback controller is designed by applying LQI control law to achieve simultaneous motion and vibration control. Adding a feedforward, two-degree-of-freedom control system is designed. Computer simulations and control experiments are carried out and the effectiveness of the presented procedure is investigated. The robustness of the system is also investigated.

scholarly journals Semi-Inverse Design of Compressor Cascades, Including Supersonic Inflow

1990 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Kirschner ◽  
H. Stoff
Keyword(s):  
Flow Field ◽  
Design Method ◽  
Axisymmetric Flow ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Design Procedure ◽  
Meridional Plane ◽  
Simple Method ◽  
Blade Loading ◽  
Through Flow ◽  
Blade Element

A cascade design-method is presented which complements the meridional through-flow design procedure of turbomachines. Starting from an axisymmetric flow field and the streamline geometry in the meridional plane this simple method produces a solution for the quasi three-dimensional flow field and the blade-element geometry on corresponding stream surfaces. In addition, it provides intra-blade data on loss and turning required for a consistent design and a convenient means of optimizing blade loading. The purpose of this paper is to describe the theoretical basis of the method and to illustrate its application in the design of transonic compressors.

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