scholarly journals Analysis of the Blasting Compaction on Gravel Soil

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qingwen Li ◽  
Yuan Li ◽  
Gautam Dasgupta ◽  
Dongping Song ◽  
Lan Qiao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Field Data ◽  
3D Model ◽  
Composite Foundation ◽  
Coupled Analysis ◽  
Construction Time ◽  
Soil Thickness ◽  
Construction Methods ◽  
Gravel Soil ◽  
Traditional Construction ◽  
Surrounding Soil

The settlement control is critical for the safety of road based on high filled embankment. The traditional construction methods have the characteristic with less soil thickness compacted at a time. There are many advantages to compact the gravel soil with blasting. The cavity in soil is formed by blasting and its fillings to form a composite foundation for the embankment. The field data show this composite foundation can meet the requirement of loading and settlement control with less construction time. In geotechnical blasting, the high temperature due to blasting will swell the material around, so its worthy to do the coupled analysis with thermal mechanics (TM) and blasting compaction in the high filled embankment. In this paper, a 3D model is built with FLAC3D to simulate a single hole to predict the range and degree of thermal propagation. Then, the thermal strains got from the model are used to estimate the displacement of surrounding soil to predict the degree of compaction and optimize the distribution of blast holes in plan.

Construction-Scale 3D Printing: Shape Stability of Fresh Printing Concrete

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Kazemian ◽  
Xiao Yuan ◽  
Ryan Meier ◽  
Evan Cochran ◽  
Behrokh Khoshnevis
Keyword(s):  
Architectural Design ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Construction Process ◽  
Construction Time ◽  
Shape Stability ◽  
3D Objects ◽  
Construction Methods ◽  
Heat Application ◽  
Traditional Construction ◽  
Design Freedom

Building 3D objects in sequential layers is a technique employed by rapid manufacturing processes and allows great design freedom in manufacturing. Scaling up such automated additive fabrication from building small industrial parts to constructing buildings has been challenging for researchers during the recent years. Compared to the traditional construction methods, numerous advantages are offered by a well-developed layer based automated construction process, including architectural design freedom, lower construction cost, superior construction speed, and higher degree of customization. Concrete has been recognized as most viable option as the material to be used with such a process. However, there are several main challenges that yet have to be solved. Obtaining a mixture with high shape stability in the fresh state is among these challenges. Ideally, non-stop printing of successive layers is desired in building a structure, so the total construction time is minimized. In this paper, an experimental investigation of the shape stability of freshly printed concrete layers using a small-scale linear concrete printing setup with remote control capability is outlined. First, longer stoppage time between successive layers is examined to determine the effects on the deformations of fresh printing concrete. Then, heat application is proposed and studied as a measure to improve the shape stability of freshly printed concrete without adding any delay to the construction process. Furthermore, a one-story building is considered and the influence of each scenario on the total construction time is discussed.

Step by Step Calculation and Application of Multi-Type-Pile Composite Foundation

2012 ◽  
Vol 170-173 ◽  
pp. 252-255
Author(s):  
Xiao Hui Mao ◽  
Qiang Yue
Keyword(s):  
Bearing Capacity ◽  
Load Transfer ◽  
Composite Foundation ◽  
Frame Structure ◽  
Single Type ◽  
High Rise ◽  
Construction Methods ◽  
Rigid Pile ◽  
Capacity Improvement ◽  
Gravel Pile

The flexible pile and the rigid pile, the gravel pile and CFG pile are arranged in a group as compound piles, which utilize their merits and avoid their shortcomings. Based on the study of the existing calculation methods for the bearing capacity of multi-pile composite foundation, the working behavior of loaded multi-pile composite foundation and the general influence of different construction methods to the bearing capacity of the soil are considered. The coefficient of the bearing capacity exertion of master piles, the coefficient of the bearing capacity exertion of minor piles, the coefficient of the bearing capacity exertion of the soil between piles and the coefficient of the bearing capacity improvement of the soil are introduced. The new step-by-step calculation method for the bearing capacity of multi-pile composite foundation is put forward. Through designed a high-rise frame structure with multi-type-pile composite foundation, the results show that the multi-type-pile composite foundation is more whole and possess stronger capacity of load transfer compared with single-type-pile composite foundation. It can satisfy the requirements of load bearing capacity and deformation under special foundation conditions.

scholarly journals Prefabricated Futures: Adaptable and productive construction methods for New Zealand dwellings

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Mitchell Holden
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Scale Model ◽  
Package Design ◽  
Home Owner ◽  
Construction Methods ◽  
Physical Scale ◽  
Scale Models ◽  
Building Information ◽  
Roof Panel ◽  
Traditional Construction

<p>The traditional construction method of the New Zealand home has remained largely unchanged over the last century. These housing solutions that have supported our nation no longer suffice and the ‘young home owner’ is becoming a distant dream. New Zealand needs homes, and fast. Specialised trades create fragmentation in construction. This results in inefficient processes that divide the stages of constructing a home. What lacks in these instances is accessibility to design. Architects tend to focus on one-off, bespoke builds, whilst transportable home companies create generic, minimum spec designs. It can be argued that current prefabricated solutions are not complete, requiring sub-trades and work onsite that causes delays and construction related setbacks.  Investigation into a key historic precedent has driven this research. This demonstrates that attempts have been made to change the housing model in New Zealand with some success. The precedent aligns with past notions in considering core parts of the home as products. This can create efficiencies in construction. The current demand for housing provides the perfect opportunity to reboot the method in which we build.  This thesis questions how offsite panel assemblies can create a complete prefabricated housing product and improve construction efficiencies. This will still offer architectural choice.  BIM (Building Information Modelling) and parameter driven design are used as a vehicle to demonstrate how more efficient, more collaborative and more controlled design approaches can be developed in order to create a complete construction package.  Design-led research involving constant scale model testing and development led to my prefabricated wall panel design. Named the LapLock panel, I have developed a complete wall, floor and roof panel product system. Designed to be fully fabricated from structure to claddings and services in factory. This produces ruthless efficiencies onsite. The work utilises BIM in the form of Revit and takes advantage of parameter driven families to allow for fast manipulation and output of drawings for panels. A constant conversation between analogue and digital tools (in the form of physical scale models and Revit) strengthened the understandings of the limitations throughout the research.  This thesis offers a new way of considering how New Zealand builds homes. By introducing adaptable and efficient panels that are complete on arrival to site, the Laplock solution provides accessible architectural choice to clients. This future-proofs the construction of the New Zealand home.</p>

scholarly journals Sustainable Concepts of Traditional Sanskrit Theatre:the Harippad Subrahmanya Swami Temple, Alleppy.

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4S2) ◽  
pp. 835-841
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Critical Appraisal ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Architectural Heritage ◽  
Construction Methods ◽  
New Concepts ◽  
Technical Innovations ◽  
Sustainable Conservation ◽  
Traditional Construction ◽  
The Temple

Traditionally built structures have withstood the onslaught of time and weather conditions for thousands of years due to their dexterity in construction and design. Their unique structures and designs have opened up a new genre of architectural discipline. Over the years, globalization and man’s quest for innovative designs and materials have revolutionized the conceptual and architectural practices, which have resulted in the gradual degradation and destruction. The paradigm shift has resulted in losing not only the traditional architectural heritage but also the sustainable practices associated with it. Therefore, it is time we developed new approaches with regard to the design and construction of Koothambalams. Such a step will indeed open up new grounds for technical innovations and critical appraisal of traditional practices and designs. There is a lot more technical knowhow involved in these structures than meets the eye. The paper is an attempt to explore the traditional architectural practices and sustainable concepts of the Koothambalam of Sree Subramanya temple theatre, Harippad, Alleppy. The Koothambalam not only depicts the tangible realization of age old architectural secrets, but also serves as a meeting place for the community to socialize and experience ancient performing artforms. Within the premise of the temple, there are numerous ancient structures of which Koothambalam is meant for performing cultural and traditional artforms. The proposed research involves an appraisal and listing of the best architectural practices used in the construction of the Koothambalam. Special attention is also given to verify the energy efficient parameters and their contributions to sustainability as laid down by GRIHA. The study will be instrumental in formulating new concepts for sustainable conservation and green concepts for reviving and maintain traditional construction methods which could eventually give rise to new cultural studio space for the contemporary society

scholarly journals Determination of the Effect of Green Roofs on Indoor Temperature by the Use of Simulation in a Tropical Landscape

2020 ◽  
pp. 12-28
Author(s):  
D. Nyame-Tawiah ◽  
L. Attuah ◽  
C. Koranteng
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Comfort ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Study Design ◽  
Soil Depth ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Green Roofs ◽  
Simulation Design ◽  
Indoor Temperature ◽  
Soil Thickness ◽  
Construction Methods

Aims: To use a simulation base exploration to carry out 6 scenarios of green roof construction methods to determine the most efficient in improving indoor thermal comfort. Study Design: Simulation Design was used as the study design. Place and Duration of Study: The study was conducted at the Department of Horticulture – Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology located at Kumasi-Ghana between 2016 and 2019. Methodology: A simulation experimental setup was done to run for 1 year to cover the two seasons in Ghana. Version 5.0.2 Design Builder and Energy Plus 5.8 was used to work on 6 scenarios using leaf area indexes (LAI) of 2 and 5 as well as soil depth (thickness) of (70-150 mm), 200 mm, 300 mm and 500 mm. Also a real life experiment was done at the Department of Horticulture by constructing 9 test cells and using treatments such as Portulaca grandiflora and Setcreasea purpurea to validate the results for the simulation. The time setup for the simulation was from 12.00 am to 11.59 pm. Results: A leaf area indexes (LAI) of 5 and soil depth of 70 mm-150 mm recorded the lowest simulated temperature ranging from 26.26°C to 29.30°C for scenario one. For scenario two, a leaf area indexes (LAI) of 5 and a soil depth of 200mm recorded the lowest significantly (P≤0.05) indoor temperature in August (26.20°C) and the highest (29.26°C) in March. In February, June and August, significant differences (P≤0.05) were achieved by leaf area indexes (LAI) 5 and soil thickness 500 mm for scenario three. January, March to July indicated significant differences (P≤0.05) between the treatments leaf area indexes (LAI) 2 and soil thickness 300 mm and leaf area indexes (LAI) 5 and soil depth of 300 mm recorded 26.32°C to 29.33°C for August and March respectively for scenario four. A soil depth of 500 mm and leaf area indexes (LAI) of 2 gave significantly (P≤0.05) low temperatures indoors all year (26.27 to 29.32°C) for scenario five and in August leaf area indexes (LAI) 5 and soil thickness of 500 mm recorded the least temperature all year for scenario six. Conclusion: From the exploration, a soil depth of 70 mm – 150 mm and a LAI of 5, LAI of 5 and soil depth of 200 mm and LAI of 2 and soil depth of 500 mm achieved the lowest temperature and performed better in terms of temperature reduction which will lead to thermal comfort of occupants.

Bubbled Roller Compacted Concrete Dam: an idea of a hollow dam

2022 ◽  
pp. 1-25
Author(s):  
Ezzeldin K. Mohamed ◽  
Eehab Khalail
Keyword(s):  
Bearing Capacity ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Heat Of Hydration ◽  
Gravity Dams ◽  
Construction Time ◽  
Concrete Dam ◽  
Roller Compacted Concrete ◽  
Construction Methods ◽  
Roller Compacted Concrete Dam ◽  
Dam Stability

Roller compacted concrete is widely known for its relatively low cost and short construction time. RCC gravity dams require high foundation (rock) bearing capacity. Research has been carried out which proposes to rationalise the amount of material in the dam by creating inner voids, in the shape of bubbles. As a key requirement, the introduced bubbles should not affect the dam stability and safety. The bubbles will reduce the self-weight of the dam and minimise the required rock bearing capacity. A system of pipes connecting the bubbles ensures drainage of the bubbles. The proposed dam would save about 12% of the required concrete volume. Different construction methods were studied and the best alternative is the use of precast hollow boxes. This decreases RCC placement in the dam by 32.5%. The objective is to speed the construction process and minimise the risk of the heat of hydration.

Settlement Analysis of Foundation Base on Finite Element Method

2012 ◽  
Vol 204-208 ◽  
pp. 670-673
Author(s):  
Xiao Song ◽  
Hui Zhang ◽  
Guang Sheng Xu
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element Method ◽  
Finite Element ◽  
Constitutive Model ◽  
Contact Element ◽  
Composite Foundation ◽  
Elastic Plastic ◽  
Finite Element Software ◽  
Foundation Base ◽  
Settlement Analysis ◽  
Surrounding Soil

Composite foundation influence parameters were discussed based on Drucker-prager elastic-plastic constitutive model in this paper. Contact element was adopted to simulate the interaction between pile and surrounding soil. Finite element software-ANSYS was applied to study and analyze the distribution and deformation of foundation.

scholarly journals One Note for Fractionation and Increase for Mixed-Level Designs When the Levels Are Not Multiple

Mathematics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (13) ◽  
pp. 1455
Author(s):  
Yaquelin Verenice Pantoja-Pacheco ◽  
Armando Javier Ríos-Lira ◽  
José Antonio Vázquez-López ◽  
José Alfredo Jiménez-García ◽  
Martha Laura Asato-España ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computational Cost ◽  
Specialized Software ◽  
Construction Methods ◽  
Computer Equipment ◽  
Qualitative Factors ◽  
Traditional Construction

Mixed-level designs have a wide application in the fields of medicine, science, and agriculture, being very useful for experiments where there are both, quantitative, and qualitative factors. Traditional construction methods often make use of complex programing specialized software and powerful computer equipment. This article is focused on a subgroup of these designs in which none of the factor levels are multiples of each other, which we have called pure asymmetrical arrays. For this subgroup we present two algorithms of zero computational cost: the first with capacity to build fractions of a desired size; and the second, a strategy to increase these fractions with M additional new runs determined by the experimenter; this is an advantage over the folding methods presented in the literature in which at least half of the initial runs are required. In both algorithms, the constructed fractions are comparable to those showed in the literature as the best in terms of balance and orthogonality.

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