scholarly journals Alkaline Phosphatase in Stem Cells

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kateřina Štefková ◽  
Jiřina Procházková ◽  
Jiří Pacherník
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Embryonic Stem ◽  
Stem Cell Marker ◽  
Developmental Studies ◽  
Alkaline Phosphatases ◽  
Potential Significance ◽  
Living Organisms ◽  
Almost All

Alkaline phosphatase is an enzyme commonly expressed in almost all living organisms. In humans and other mammals, determinations of the expression and activity of alkaline phosphatase have frequently been used for cell determination in developmental studies and/or within clinical trials. Alkaline phosphatase also seems to be one of the key markers in the identification of pluripotent embryonic stem as well as related cells. However, alkaline phosphatases exist in some isoenzymes and isoforms, which have tissue specific expressions and functions. Here, the role of alkaline phosphatase as a stem cell marker is discussed in detail. First, we briefly summarize contemporary knowledge of mammalian alkaline phosphatases in general. Second, we focus on the known facts of its role in and potential significance for the identification of stem cells.

scholarly journals THE ROLE OF SUBSTRATE STIFFNESS IN MAINTAINING PLURIPOTENCY OF EMBRYONIC STEM CELLS IN VITRO CULTURE

2021 ◽  
Vol 67 (3) ◽  
pp. 27-34
Author(s):  
D.I. Bilko ◽  
◽  
Y.B. Chaikovsky ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Embryonic Stem Cells ◽  
In Vitro Culture ◽  
Embryonic Stem ◽  
Embryoid Bodies ◽  
Polyacrylamide Gel ◽  
Substrate Stiffness

Murine embryonic stem cells (ESCm) cultured in vitro in the presence of LIF (leukemia inhibitory factor) maintain pluripotency. However, when LIF is removed from the media, an active differentiation into various specialized somatic cells is observed. The aim of the study was to determine the role of substrate stiffness in maintaining of pluripotency of embryonic stem cells in vitro culture. To this aim, we used the method of culturing pluripotent stem cells in vitro, the method of “hanging drop”, the determination of the Young’s modulus for polyacrylamide gel of different hardness, the immunocytochemical alkaline phosphatase (AP) streptavidin-biotin method, microscopy. By culturing ESCm on a soft, medium and hard density polyacrylamide gel as a substrate (0.8, 4.0, 8.0 кPа), we found that on a soft gel ESCm differentiation does not occur even in the absence of LIF. ESCm cultured on a soft substrate continue to show signs of pluripotency, namely, create round compact colonies with high alkaline phosphatase activity and form embryoid bodies (EB), the efficiency of which (87.5 ± 3.2 per 100 cells seeded) did not decrease even after LIF withdrawal. In the absence of LIF, ESCs cultured on a hard base showed a low level of EB formation (23.5 ± 2.24). The results of our observations demonstrate that the process of EB formation may be influenced not only by a composition of nutrient medium, but also by complex interaction between the physical forces of the matrix and the mechanical properties of 3D cell aggregates. The model is considered as a tool to study early events in embryogenesis in the search of conditions for effective culture of progenitor cells and differentiated cells for transplantation.

scholarly journals The role of nucleotide excision repair in protecting embryonic stem cells from genotoxic effects of UV-induced DNA damage

1999 ◽  
Vol 27 (16) ◽  
pp. 3276-3282 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. P. H. Van Sloun ◽  
J. G. Jansen ◽  
G. Weeda ◽  
L. H. F. Mullenders ◽  
A. A. van Zeeland ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Dna Damage ◽  
Embryonic Stem Cells ◽  
Nucleotide Excision Repair ◽  
Excision Repair ◽  
Embryonic Stem ◽  
Genotoxic Effects ◽  
Nucleotide Excision

scholarly journals Modulation of Differentiation of Embryonic Stem Cells by Polypyrrole: The Impact on Neurogenesis

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 501
Author(s):  
Kateřina Skopalová ◽  
Katarzyna Anna Radaszkiewicz ◽  
Věra Kašpárková ◽  
Jaroslav Stejskal ◽  
Patrycja Bober ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Embryonic Stem Cells ◽  
Embryonic Stem ◽  
Stem Cell Differentiation ◽  
Active Role ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
Conducting Materials ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Erk Kinase

The active role of biomaterials in the regeneration of tissues and their ability to modulate the behavior of stem cells in terms of their differentiation is highly advantageous. Here, polypyrrole, as a representantive of electro-conducting materials, is found to modulate the behavior of embryonic stem cells. Concretely, the aqueous extracts of polypyrrole induce neurogenesis within embryonic bodies formed from embryonic stem cells. This finding ledto an effort to determine the physiological cascade which is responsible for this effect. The polypyrrole modulates signaling pathways of Akt and ERK kinase through their phosphorylation. These effects are related to the presence of low-molecular-weight compounds present in aqueous polypyrrole extracts, determined by mass spectroscopy. The results show that consequences related to the modulation of stem cell differentiation must also be taken into account when polypyrrole is considered as a biomaterial.

The role of microRNAs in embryonic stem cells: A proteomics approach

2014 ◽  
Vol 237 (2) ◽  
pp. e8
Author(s):  
P. Gyambibi-Barnett ◽  
X. Yin ◽  
Y. Chung ◽  
A. Zampetaki ◽  
M. Mayr
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Embryonic Stem Cells ◽  
Embryonic Stem ◽  
Proteomics Approach

scholarly journals Cell Adhesion and Spreading Affect Adipogenesis from Embryonic Stem Cells: The Role of Calreticulin

Stem Cells ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 27 (9) ◽  
pp. 2092-2102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eva Szabo ◽  
Tianshu Feng ◽  
Ewa Dziak ◽  
Michal Opas
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Cell Adhesion ◽  
Embryonic Stem Cells ◽  
Embryonic Stem

scholarly journals Stimulatory Role of Glycated Fetal Bovine Serum Along with Iron on In Vitro Production of Insulin by Differentiated Mouse Embryonic Stem Cells

2011 ◽  
Vol 57 (4) ◽  
pp. 356-361
Author(s):  
Ikuo Nishigaki ◽  
Gowri Rangasamy Gunassekaran ◽  
Panjan Nagappan Venkatesan ◽  
Mandupal Chaco Sabu ◽  
Sabu Priya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Embryonic Stem Cells ◽  
Bovine Serum ◽  
Fetal Bovine Serum ◽  
Embryonic Stem ◽  
In Vitro Production ◽  
Fetal Bovine ◽  
Vitro Production

scholarly journals 236. Role of P53 on T Lymphopoiesis from Human Embryonic Stem Cells

2016 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
pp. S92-S93
Author(s):  
Hiroshi Kohara ◽  
Jiyuan Liao ◽  
Shohei Miyamoto ◽  
Yoko Nagai ◽  
Tomotoshi Marumoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Embryonic Stem Cells ◽  
Human Embryonic Stem Cells ◽  
Embryonic Stem ◽  
T Lymphopoiesis
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