scholarly journals Electrophysiological Correlates of Long-TermSoto ZenMeditation

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henrique Adam Pasquini ◽  
Guaraci Ken Tanaka ◽  
Luis Fernando Hindi Basile ◽  
Bruna Velasques ◽  
Mirna Delposo Lozano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power Spectra ◽  
Power Ratio ◽  
Meditation Practice ◽  
Relative Power ◽  
Power Increase ◽  
Beta Power ◽  
Soto Zen ◽  
Slow Potentials ◽  
Beta Frequency

This study aimed to verify the electrophysiological correlates of the changes in long-term regular meditators. We use modern techniques of high-resolution electroencephalography applied to slow potentials, power spectra, and potencies related to the events. To obtain encephalographic records, we use an assembly of 128 channels in 31 subjects (17Soto ZenBuddhist meditators). The motivation of this study was to determine whether the induced beta power would present an increase in meditators as well as a decrease in induced theta/beta ratio in absolute and relative values. However, opposite to what we expected, no significant change was found in the beta frequency. In contrast, the main findings of the study were correlations between the frequency of weekly meditation practice and the increased theta induced relative power, increase of induced power ratio (ratio theta/beta), and increase of the ratio of induced relative powers (theta/beta ratio) during our task that featured an “adapted meditation,” suggesting that the meditative state of “mindfulness” is much more related to the permittivity of “distractions” by the meditators, with a deliberate reduction of attention.

scholarly journals Machine-Learning Assisted Optimisation of Free-Parameters of a Dual-Input Power Amplifier for Wideband Applications

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (8) ◽  
pp. 2831
Author(s):  
Teng Wang ◽  
Wantao Li ◽  
Roberto Quaglia ◽  
Pere L. Gilabert
Keyword(s):  
Power Amplifier ◽  
Power Efficiency ◽  
Average Power ◽  
Long Term Evolution ◽  
Input Power ◽  
Global Optimisation ◽  
Power Ratio ◽  
Term Evolution ◽  
Free Parameters

This paper presents an auto-tuning approach for dual-input power amplifiers using a combination of global optimisation search algorithms and adaptive linearisation in the optimisation of a multiple-input power amplifier. The objective is to exploit the extra degrees of freedom provided by dual-input topologies to enhance the power efficiency figures along wide signal bandwidths and high peak-to-average power ratio values, while being compliant with the linearity requirements. By using heuristic search global optimisation algorithms, such as the simulated annealing or the adaptive Lipschitz Optimisation, it is possible to find the best parameter configuration for PA biasing, signal calibration, and digital predistortion linearisation to help mitigating the inherent trade-off between linearity and power efficiency. Experimental results using a load-modulated balanced amplifier as device-under-test showed that after properly tuning the selected free-parameters it was possible to maximise the power efficiency when considering long-term evolution signals with different bandwidths. For example, a carrier aggregated a long-term evolution signal with up to 200 MHz instantaneous bandwidth and a peak-to-average power ratio greater than 10 dB, and was amplified with a mean output power around 33 dBm and 22.2% of mean power efficiency while meeting the in-band (error vector magnitude lower than 1%) and out-of-band (adjacent channel leakage ratio lower than −45 dBc) linearity requirements.

Studying the effect of Heartfulness Meditation on Brain Activity

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pallavi Gupta ◽  
Jahnavi Mundluru ◽  
Arth Patel ◽  
Shankar Pathmakanthan
Keyword(s):  
Problem Solving ◽  
Creative Thinking ◽  
Brain Activity ◽  
Cognitive Task ◽  
Thinking Skills ◽  
Cognitive Tasks ◽  
Logical Thinking ◽  
Meditation Practice ◽  
Guided Relaxation

Long-term meditation practice is increasingly recognized for its health benefits. Heartfulness meditation represents a quickly growing set of practices that is largely unstudied. Heartfulness is unique in that it is a meditation practice that focuses on the Heart. It helps individuals to connect to themselves and find inner peace. In order to deepen ones’ meditation, the element of Yogic Energy (‘pranahuti’) is used as an aid during meditation. The purpose of this study was to determine whether consistent EEG effects of Heartfulness meditation be observed in sixty experienced Heartfulness meditators, each of whom attended 6 testing sessions. In each session, participants performed three conditions: a set of cognitive tasks, Heartfulness guided relaxation, and Heartfulness Meditation. Participants during the cognitive portion were required to answer questions that tested their logical thinking (Cognitive Reflective Test) and creative thinking skills. (Random Associative Test) The order of condition was randomly counter balanced across six sessions. It was hypothesized that Heartfulness meditation would bring increased alpha (8-12Hz) brain activity during meditation and better cognitive task scores in sessions where the tasks followed meditation. Heartfulness meditation produces a significant decrease in brain activity (as indexed by higher levels of alpha during the early stages of meditation. As the meditation progressed deep meditative state (as indexed by higher levels of delta) were observed until the end of the condition.  This lead to the conclusion that Heartfulness Meditation produces a state that is clearly distinguishable from effortful problem solving. 

The Future of Order

2020 ◽  
pp. 228-244
Author(s):  
Kyle M. Lascurettes
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
International Relations ◽  
The United States ◽  
International Order ◽  
First Century ◽  
Relative Power ◽  
The Future ◽  
Twenty First Century ◽  
Near Term

Chapter 9 (“The Future of Order”) reviews the empirical findings of the book and discusses their implications for the study of international relations. It then leverages these findings to address the two most important questions for international order in the twenty-first century: In the near term, what changes to the existing liberal order will the United States advocate as it continues to decline in relative power? And in the long term, what is its projected hegemonic successor, China, likely to do with the existing order when it finds itself in a position to fundamentally recast its underlying principles?

scholarly journals Olfactory Stimulation Effect of Aldehydes, Nonanal, and Decanal on the Human Electroencephalographic Activity, According to Nostril Variation

Biomedicines ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Minju Kim ◽  
Kandhasamy Sowndhararajan ◽  
Hae Jin Choi ◽  
Se Jin Park ◽  
Songmun Kim
Keyword(s):  
Olfactory System ◽  
Power Spectra ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Eeg Power Spectra ◽  
Beta Power ◽  
Eeg Changes ◽  
Electroencephalographic Activity ◽  
Healthy Participants ◽  
Human Nose ◽  
Better Than

Fragrances play a pivotal role in humans’ psychological and physiological functions through the olfactory system. Aldehydes are important organic compounds with a variety of fragrance notes. Particularly, nonanal (C9) and decanal (C10) aldehydes are important natural fragrant components used to enhance floral, as well as citrus notes in perfumery products. In general, each nostril of the human nose is tuned to smell certain odor molecules better than others due to slight turbinate swelling between the nostrils. Hence, the objective of the present investigation was aimed to evaluate the influence of binasal and uninasal inhalations of C9 and C10 aldehydes on human electroencephalographic (EEG) activity. Twenty healthy participants (10 males and 10 females) participated in this study. The EEG readings were recorded from 8 electrodes (QEEG-8 system) according to the International 10-20 System. The results revealed that C10 exposure exhibited significantly different EEG changes, during binasal and uninasal inhalations. In different brain regions, C10 odor markedly decreased the absolute alpha and absolute beta power spectra. In regards to C9 odor, significant changes of EEG power spectra were noticed only during binasal inhalation. In addition, C10 mainly produced changes at the left parietal site (P3) than other brain sites. In conclusion, the variations in EEG activities of C9 and C10 aldehydes might be owing to their characteristic fragrance quality, as well as the influence of nostril differences.

EEG theta and beta power spectra in adolescents with ADHD versus adolescents with ASD + ADHD

2014 ◽  
Vol 24 (8) ◽  
pp. 873-886 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Bink ◽  
G. J. M. van Boxtel ◽  
A. Popma ◽  
I. L. Bongers ◽  
A. J. M. Denissen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power Spectra ◽  
Beta Power ◽  
Adolescents With Asd

Effects of long-term meditation practice on attentional biases towards emotional faces: An eye-tracking study

2014 ◽  
Vol 29 (5) ◽  
pp. 807-815 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. V. Pavlov ◽  
V. V. Korenyok ◽  
N. V. Reva ◽  
A. V. Tumyalis ◽  
K. V. Loktev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Eye Tracking ◽  
Attentional Biases ◽  
Meditation Practice ◽  
Emotional Faces

scholarly journals Acute Ischemic Stroke Brainwave Classification Using Relative Power Ratio Cluster Analysis

2013 ◽  
Vol 97 ◽  
pp. 546-552 ◽  
Author(s):  
W.R.W. Omar ◽  
M.N. Taib ◽  
R. Jailani ◽  
N. Fuad ◽  
R.M. Isa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Acute Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Power Ratio ◽  
Relative Power

Topographic Electroencephalographic Study with Power Ratio Index Mapping in Patients with Malignant Brain Tumors

Neurosurgery ◽  
1985 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 613-619 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ken Nagata ◽  
Cordell E. Gross ◽  
Glenn W. Kindt ◽  
J. Michael Geier ◽  
Geoffrey R. Adey
Keyword(s):  
Brain Tumors ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Power Ratio ◽  
Malignant Brain Tumors ◽  
Power Spectral ◽  
Beta Power ◽  
Index Mapping ◽  
Low Frequency Power ◽  
Frequency Power

Abstract A variant of electroencephalogram (EEG) power spectral mapping called power ratio index (PRI) mapping was used to monitor 15 patients with malignant brain tumors. This index is generated by dividing the low frequency (delta, theta) power by the high frequency (alpha, beta) power. Because the nonparoxysmal effect of a brain tumor on the EEG is reflected as a relative loss of high frequency power and a gain in low frequency power, utilization of the PRI has the effect of placing the epicenter of the “power dysfunction” coincident with the epicenter of the tumor.

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