scholarly journals Acupuncture to Treat Sleep Disorders in Postmenopausal Women: A Systematic Review

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. G. Bezerra ◽  
G. N. Pires ◽  
M. L. Andersen ◽  
S. Tufik ◽  
H. Hachul
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Disorders ◽  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Compliance Rate ◽  
Target Population ◽  
Risk Of Bias ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Final Sample ◽  
Bibliographic Search

Sleep disorders are commonly observed among postmenopausal women, with negative effects on their quality of life. The search for complementary therapies for sleep disorders during postmenopausal period is of high importance, and acupuncture stands out as an appropriate possibility. The present review intended to systematically evaluate the available literature, compiling studies that have employed acupuncture as treatment to sleep disorders in postmenopausal women. A bibliographic search was performed in PubMed/Medline and Scopus. Articles which had acupuncture as intervention, sleep related measurements as outcomes, and postmenopausal women as target population were included and evaluated according to the Cochrane risk of bias tool and to the STRICTA guidelines. Out of 89 search results, 12 articles composed our final sample. A high heterogeneity was observed among these articles, which prevented us from performing a meta-analysis. Selected articles did not present high risk of bias and had a satisfactory compliance rate with STRICTA guidelines. In general, these studies presented improvements in sleep-related variables. Despite the overall positive effects, acupuncture still cannot be stated as a reliable treatment for sleep-related complaints, not due to inefficacy, but rather limited evidence. Nevertheless, results are promising and new comprehensive and controlled studies in the field are encouraged.

scholarly journals Effects of school-based physical activity on mathematics performance in children: a systematic review

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Sneck ◽  
H. Viholainen ◽  
H. Syväoja ◽  
A. Kankaapää ◽  
H. Hakonen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Mathematics Performance ◽  
Risk Of Bias ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Systematic Analysis ◽  
Health And Wellbeing ◽  
School Based ◽  
School Day ◽  
Negative Effect

Abstract Background The benefits of physical activity (PA) on children’s health and wellbeing are well established. However, the benefits of PA on academic performance and particularly on mathematics performance warrant systematic analysis. Mathematics is one of the core subjects in school education globally. Methods We systematically searched, analysed and synthesized the literature on the effects of school-based PA interventions on mathematics performance in children aged 4–16. A total of 29 studies consisting of randomised trials and other interventions with control groups were identified through a systematic search, and 11 of them provided sufficient data and appropriate design for a meta-analysis. Results Of the 29 studies involving 11,264 participants, positive overall effects of a PA intervention on mathematics performance were found in 13 studies (45%) and neutral overall effects in 15 studies (52%). Only one study reported a significant negative result for a subgroup of children in the first half of the intervention. In a risk-of-bias assessment, 12 studies had low, 17 moderate, and none had a high risk of bias. The meta-analysis of 11 studies suggested an overall small positive effect (ES = 0.23) of the interventions. Only one study in the meta-analysis indicated a negative effect in one of the intervention groups. Conclusions Adding PA to the school day may enhance children’s mathematics performance or has no negative effects on performance. Several types of PA interventions can be recommended to be added to the school day.

Bone Density and Clinical Periodontal Attachment in Postmenopausal Women: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2017 ◽  
Vol 96 (3) ◽  
pp. 261-269 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.C. Penoni ◽  
T.K.S. Fidalgo ◽  
S.R. Torres ◽  
V.M. Varela ◽  
D. Masterson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Risk Of Bias ◽  
Qualitative Synthesis ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Clinical Attachment Loss ◽  
Attachment Loss ◽  
Meta Analyses ◽  
Periodontal Attachment

Osteoporosis is a systemic skeletal disease characterized by low bone mineral density (BMD) and has been considered a risk factor for periodontal disease. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to verify the scientific evidence for the association of periodontal attachment loss with low BMD in postmenopausal women. A systematic search of the literature was performed in databases until August 2016, in accordance with Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines. Eligibility criteria included studies that compared clinical attachment loss (CAL) between postmenopausal women with low and normal BMD. Studies using similar methodology, with lower and higher risk of bias, were pooled into 3 different meta-analyses to compare CAL among women with normal BMD, osteoporosis, and osteopenia. In the first meta-analysis, mean CAL was compared among groups. In the other 2 meta-analyses, the mean percentages of sites with CAL ≥4 mm and ≥6 mm were respectively compared among groups. From 792 unique citations, 26 articles were selected for the qualitative synthesis. Eleven of the studies were appraised as presenting low risk of bias, and the association between low BMD and CAL was observed in 10 of these studies. Thirteen cross-sectional articles were included in the meta-analysis for osteoporosis and 9 in the osteopenia analysis. Women with low BMD presented greater mean CAL than those with normal BMD (osteoporosis = 0.34 mm [95% confidence interval (CI), 0.20–0.49], P < 0.001; osteopenia = 0.07 mm [95% CI, 0.01–0.13], P = 0.02). Only studies with lower risk of bias were available for the analysis of CAL severity. Women with low BMD presented more severe attachment loss, represented as mean percentage of sites with CAL ≥4 mm (osteoporosis = 3.04 [95% CI, 1.23–4.85], P = 0.001; osteopenia = 1.74 [95% CI, 0.36–3.12], P = 0.01) and CAL ≥6 mm (osteoporosis = 5.07 [95% CI, 2.74–7.40], P < 0.001). This systematic review and meta-analysis indicates that postmenopausal women with osteoporosis or osteopenia may exhibit greater CAL compared with women with normal BMD.

scholarly journals Effect of yoga on sleep quality and insomnia in women with sleep problems: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weili Wang ◽  
Kuang-Huei Chen ◽  
Ying-Chieh Pan ◽  
Szu-Nian Yang ◽  
Yuan-Yu Chan
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Sleep Problems ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Risk Of Bias ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Serious Adverse Events ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Meta Analyses

Abstract Objectives To examine the effectiveness and safety of yoga for women with sleep problems by performing a systematic review and meta-analysis.Methods Medline/PubMed, Clincalkey, ScienceDirect, Embase, PsycINFO, and the Cochrane Library were searched throughout the month of June 2019. Randomized controlled trials comparing yoga groups with control groups in women with sleep problems were included. Two reviewers independently evaluated risk of bias by using the risk of bias tool suggested by the Cochrane Collaboration for programming and conducting systematic reviews and meta-analyses. The main outcome measure was sleep quality or the severity of insomnia, which was measured using subjective instruments, such as the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Insomnia severity index (ISI), or objective instruments, such as polysomnography, actigraphy, and safety of the intervention. For each outcome, standardized mean difference (SMD) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were determined. Results Nineteen studies including 1832 participants were included in this systematic review. Meta-analyses revealed positive effects of yoga using PSQI or ISI scores in 16 randomized control trials (RCTs) compared with the control group in improving sleep quality in women, PSQI (SMD = −0.54; 95% CI = −0.89 to −0.19 ; P = 0.003). However, three RCTs revealed no effects of yoga compared with the control group in reducing the severity of insomnia in women using ISI (SMD = −0.13; 95% CI = −0.74 to 0.48; P = 0.69). Seven RCTs revealed no evidence for effects of yoga compared with the control group in improving sleep quality for women with breast cancer using PSQI (SMD = −0.15 ; 95% CI = −0.31 to 0.01; P = 0.5). Four RCTs revealed no evidence for the effects of yoga compared with the control group in improving the sleep quality for peri-or postmenopausal women using PSQI (SMD = −0.31; 95% CI = −0.95 to 0.33; P = 0.34).Yoga was not associated with serious adverse events. Discussion This systematic review and meta-analysis found that yoga intervention in some groups of women was beneficial in managing sleep problems. Despite certain disadvantages in methodology in the included studies, yoga may be recommended as a complementary therapy to women.

scholarly journals Quantifying the Effects of Motivation on Listening Effort: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Carolan ◽  
Antje Heinrich ◽  
Kevin Munro ◽  
Rebecca Millman
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Perceived Competence ◽  
Risk Of Bias ◽  
Motivational Factors ◽  
Medium Effect ◽  
Listening Effort ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Individual Traits ◽  
Meta Analyses

Motivation influences the amount of listening effort (LE) exerted or experienced under challenging conditions, such as in high-noise environments. This systematic review and meta-analysis is the first to quantify the effects of motivation on LE. The review was pre-registered in PROSPERO, and performed in accordance with PRISMA guidelines. Eligible studies examined the influence of motivation or individual traits (related to motivation) on LE in adults. Motivational factors, coded as independent variables, included financial reward, evaluative threat, perceived competence, feedback and individual traits. LE outcomes were categorised as subjective, behavioural or physiological. The quality of evidence was assessed using an adaptation of the Cochrane Collaboration Risk of Bias Tool. Nested random-effects meta-analyses were performed to quantify and compare the influence of motivational factors across LE outcomes. After assessing 3532 records, 48 studies met the inclusion criteria and 43 were included in the meta-analyses. Risk of bias was high e.g. many studies lacked sample size justification. Motivational factors had a small-to-medium effect (mean Cohen’s d = 0.34, range: 0.11 – 0.72) on LE. When LE outcomes were considered collectively, an external manipulation of motivation (perceived competence) produced a larger mean effect size compared with individual traits. Some combinations of motivational factors and LE outcomes produced more robust effects than others, e.g. evaluative threat and subjective LE outcomes. Although wide prediction intervals and high risk of bias mean that significant positive effects cannot be guaranteed, these findings provide useful guidance on the selection of motivational factors and LE outcomes for future research.

Organisational cultures and the evoked effects of leader ability on employee creativity

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (3/4) ◽  
pp. 153-173
Author(s):  
Samuel Ogbeibu ◽  
Abdelhak Senadjki ◽  
James Gaskin
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Manufacturing Industry ◽  
Target Population ◽  
Competing Values Framework ◽  
Competing Values ◽  
Employee Creativity ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Organisational Cultures

PurposeThis study seeks to investigate how leader ability and diverse organisational cultures (OC) act to influence employee creativity in manufacturing organisations. By leveraging the multifaceted nature of the competing values framework (CVF), this study examines the growing deterioration of employee creativity through the lens of four OC quadrants within the Nigerian manufacturing industry and further investigates how distinct OCs and leader ability can aid to bolster employee creativity. The CVF is a model used to assess organisational cultures, irrespective of their industry, for the overarching purpose of improving organisational performance.Design/methodology/approachThe target population consists of employees of research and development (R&D) and information technology (IT) in the headquarters of 21 manufacturing organisations. Our useable sample consisted of 439 responses from the Nigerian manufacturing industry.FindingsResults indicated that leader ability and adhocracy OC have positive effects on employee creativity. Market and clan OC have negative effects on employee creativity. Likewise, leader ability dampens the effects of adhocracy OC on employee creativity and reinforces the market OC effect on employee creativity.Originality/valueThis study provides novel insights that challenges several controversial and contemporary postulations of extant research which theorise the OC–employee creativity relationships. By leveraging the construct of leader ability, unique contributions are also made to provoke congruence.

scholarly journals Effect of yoga on sleep quality and insomnia in women with sleep problems: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weili Wang ◽  
Kuang-Huei Chen ◽  
Ying-Chieh Pan ◽  
Szu-Nian Yang ◽  
Yuan-Yu Chan
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Sleep Problems ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Complementary Therapy ◽  
Risk Of Bias ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Meta Analyses

Abstract Objectives To examine the effectiveness and safety of yoga for women with sleep problems by performing a systematic review and meta-analysis.Methods Medline/PubMed, Clincalkey, ScienceDirect, Embase, PsycINFO, and the Cochrane Library were searched throughout the month of June 2019. Randomized controlled trials comparing yoga groups with control groups in women with sleep problems were included. Two reviewers independently evaluated risk of bias by using the risk of bias tool suggested by the Cochrane Collaboration for programming and conducting systematic reviews and meta-analyses. The main outcome measure was sleep qualityor the severity of insomnia, which was measured using subjective instruments, such as the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Insomnia severity index (ISI), or objective instruments, such as polysomnography, actigraphy, and safety of the intervention. For each outcome, standardized mean difference (SMD) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were determined.Results Nineteen studies including 1832 participants were included in this systematic review. Meta-analyses revealed positive effects of yoga using PSQI or ISI scores in 16 randomized control trials (RCTs) compared with the control group in improving sleep quality in women, PSQI (SMD = −0.54; 95% CI = −0.89 to −0.19 ; P = 0.003). However, three RCTs revealed no effects of yoga compared with the control group in reducing the severity of insomnia in women using ISI (SMD = −0.13; 95% CI = −0.74 to 0.48; P = 0.69). Seven RCTs revealed no evidence for effects of yoga compared with the control group in improving sleep quality for women with breast cancer using PSQI (SMD = −0.15 ; 95% CI = −0.31 to 0.01; P = 0.5). Four RCTs revealed no evidence for the effects of yoga compared with the control group in improving the sleep quality for peri-or postmenopausal women using PSQI (SMD = −0.31; 95% CI = −0.95 to 0.33; P = 0.34).Yoga was not associated with serious adverse events.Discussion This systematic review and meta-analysis found that yoga intervention in some groups of women was beneficial in managing sleep problems. Despite certain disadvantages in methodology in the included studies, yoga may be recommended as a complementary therapy to women.

scholarly journals The effect of yoga on sleep quality and insomnia in women with sleep problems: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weili Wang ◽  
Kuang-Huei Chen ◽  
Ying-Chieh Pan ◽  
Szu-Nian Yang ◽  
Yuan-Yu Chan
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Sleep Problems ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Risk Of Bias ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Serious Adverse Events ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Meta Analyses

Abstract Background: To examine the effectiveness and safety of yoga of women with sleep problems by performing a systematic review and meta-analysis. Methods: Medline/PubMed, ClinicalKey, ScienceDirect, Embase, PsycINFO, and the Cochrane Library were searched throughout the month of June, 2019. Randomized controlled trials comparing yoga groups with control groups in women with sleep problems were included. Two reviewers independently evaluated risk of bias by using the risk of bias tool suggested by the Cochrane Collaboration for programming and conducting systematic reviews and meta-analyses. The main outcome measure was sleep quality or the severity of insomnia, which was measured using subjective instruments, such as the Pittsburgh Sleep QualityIndex (PSQI),Insomnia Severity Index (ISI), or objective instruments such as polysomnography, actigraphy, and safety of the intervention. For each outcome, a standardized mean difference (SMD) and confidence intervals (CIs) of 95% were determined. Results: Nineteen studies in this systematic review included 1832 participants. The meta-analysis of the combined data conducted according to Comprehensive Meta-Analysis showed a significant improvement in sleep (SMD =−0.327, 95% CI=−0.506 to −0.148,P<0.001).Meta-analyses revealed positive effects of yoga using PSQI scores in 16 randomized control trials (RCTs), compared with the control group in improving sleep quality among women usingPSQI (SMD = −0.54; 95% CI = −0.89 to −0.19; P = 0.003). However, three RCTs revealed no effects of yoga compared to the control groupin reducing insomnia among women using ISI (SMD = −0.13; 95% CI = −0.74 to 0.48; P = 0.69).Yoga was not associated with any serious adverse events. Discussion: This systematic review and meta-analysis demonstrated that yoga intervention in women can be beneficial whencompared to non-active control conditions in term of managing sleep problems.The moderator analyses suggest that participants in the non-breast cancer subgroup and participants in the non-peri/postmenopausal subgroup were associated with greater benefits, with a direct correlation of total class time with quality of sleep among other related benefits.

scholarly journals Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Fear of COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Faxiang Luo ◽  
Reza Ghanei Gheshlagh ◽  
Sahar Dalvand ◽  
Sholeh Saedmoucheshi ◽  
Qingyun Li
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Sample Size ◽  
Observational Studies ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Target Population ◽  
Hospital Staff ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Meta Regression ◽  
Meta Regression Analysis

Background: Due to lack of preparedness of health systems, fast spread of the new virus, high mortality rates, and lack of a definite treatment, the outbreak of Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) led to high levels of fear and anxiety in different populations. In addition, isolation, mental disorders, and limitations in social interactions as a result of lockdown and travel ban increased the fear of the new coronavirus.Methods: International databases, including Scopus, PubMed, Web of Science, and Google scholar, were searched without any time limitation, and all observational studies published in English reporting the mean of fear of COVID-19 based on the Fear of COVID-19 scale (FCV-19S) were included in the analysis. Methodological quality was assessed using the Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) guidelines. Random effects model, subgroup analysis, and meta-regression analysis were used to analyze the data. Heterogeneity across studies was examined using Cochran's Q test and I2 statistic. All the statistical analyses were conducted using R software v4.0.3.Results: A total of 44 articles with a sample size of 52,462 were reviewed. A pooled mean of 18.57 was found for fear of COVID-19. The mean of fear of COVID-19 was higher in women than in men (20.67 vs. 18.21). The highest and lowest means of fear of COVID-19 had been found in Asia (18.36) and Australia (17.43) based on continent, and in hospital staff (19.51) and college students (17.95) based on target population, respectively. In addition, the highest and lowest means of fear of COVID-19 were related to items #1 and #3 of the scale, respectively. According to the results of meta-regression analysis, there was no significant association between the mean of fear of COVID-19 and sample size and participants' age. In addition, publication error was not significant (P = 0.721).Conclusion: The mean of fear of COVID-19 was high around the world; therefore, it seems necessary to pay more attention to the negative effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on mental health.

Do virtual reality games improve mobility skills and balance measurements in community-dwelling older adults? Systematic review and meta-analysis

2017 ◽  
Vol 31 (10) ◽  
pp. 1292-1304 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvia GR Neri ◽  
Jefferson R Cardoso ◽  
Lorena Cruz ◽  
Ricardo M Lima ◽  
Ricardo J de Oliveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Fear Of Falling ◽  
Random Sequence ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Risk Of Bias ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Clinical Effects ◽  
Large Variability ◽  
Positive Effects

Objective: To summarize evidence on the effectiveness of virtual reality games and conventional therapy or no-intervention for fall prevention in the elderly. Data sources: An electronic data search (last searched December 2016) was performed on 10 databases (Web of Science, EMBASE, PUBMED, CINAHL, LILACS, SPORTDiscus, Cochrane Library, Scopus, SciELO, PEDro) and retained only randomized controlled trials. Review method: Sample characteristics and intervention parameters were compared, focusing on clinical homogeneity of demographic characteristics, type/duration of interventions, outcomes (balance, reaction time, mobility, lower limb strength and fear of falling) and low risk of bias. Based on homogeneity, a meta-analysis was considered. Two independent reviewers assessed the risk of bias. Results: A total of 28 studies met the inclusion criteria and were appraised ( n: 1121 elderly participants). We found that virtual reality games presented positive effects on balance and fear of falling compared with no-intervention. Virtual reality games were also superior to conventional interventions for balance improvements and fear of falling. The six studies included in the meta-analysis demonstrated that virtual reality games significantly improved mobility and balance after 3–6 and 8–12 weeks of intervention when compared with no-intervention. The risk of bias revealed that less than one-third of the studies correctly described the random sequence generation and allocation concealment procedures. Conclusion: Our review suggests positive clinical effects of virtual reality games for balance and mobility improvements compared with no-treatment and conventional interventions. However, owing to the high risk of bias and large variability of intervention protocols, the evidence remains inconclusive and further research is warranted.

Promoting Sustainable Hotel Guest Behavior: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2017 ◽  
Vol 58 (4) ◽  
pp. 354-363 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudia Nisa ◽  
Celeste Varum ◽  
Anabela Botelho
Keyword(s):  
Social Norms ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Behavioral Strategies ◽  
Tourist Behavior ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Final Sample ◽  
Study Heterogeneity ◽  
Travel Services ◽  
Meta Analyses

Unsustainable patterns of tourist behavior produce a massive environmental burden. Nevertheless, it is unknown which behavioral strategies can be implemented to foster resource-efficient behavior in customers of leisure and travel services. This article aims to identify and summarize the evidence about the interventions which have been tested to promote sustainable hotel guest behavior. Electronic searches were performed in the main databases from inception to September 2016. Papers deemed eligible for inclusion were experimental field studies, reporting factual changes in guest behavior. The final sample was composed of nine papers comprising 13 studies in a total of 5,859 hotel stays. Results showed that all included interventions targeted towel reuse. Five different types of interventions were identified including environmental appeals, messages prompting commitment for conservation, donation to charity, social norms, and nudges. Only the last two forms of interventions (social norms: effect size [ES] = −0.25, 95% confidence interval [CI] = [−0.39, −0.12], p = .004 and nudges: ES = −0.43, 95% CI = [−0.72, −0.13], p = .009) showed significant positive effects in promoting towel reuse. Particularly regarding social norms, our work shows an effect weaker than reported in previous meta-analyses but consistent (low between-study heterogeneity) in producing modest increases in the levels of towel reuse.

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