scholarly journals Spinal Cord Hemisection Facilitates Aromatic L-Amino Acid Decarboxylase Cells to Produce Serotonin in the Subchronic but Not the Chronic Phase

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bushra Azam ◽  
Jacob Wienecke ◽  
Dennis Bo Jensen ◽  
Aleena Azam ◽  
Mengliang Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Chronic Phase ◽  
Acid Decarboxylase ◽  
Partial Loss ◽  
Adult Rats ◽  
Amino Acid Decarboxylase ◽  
Thoracic Level ◽  
Plastic Changes ◽  
Spinal Cord Hemisection

Neuromodulators, such as serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT) and noradrenalin, play an essential role in regulating the motor and sensory functions in the spinal cord. We have previously shown that in the rat spinal cord the activity of aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase (AADC) cells to produce 5-HT from its precursor (5-hydroxytryptophan, 5-HTP) is dramatically increased following complete spinal cord transection. In this study, we investigated whether a partial loss of 5-HT innervation could similarly increase AADC activity. Adult rats with spinal cord hemisected at thoracic level (T11/T12) were used with a postoperation interval at 5 days or 60 days. Using immunohistochemistry, first, we observed a significant reduction in the density of 5-HT-immunoreactive fibers in the spinal cord below the lesion on the injured side for both groups. Second, we found that the AADC cells were similarly expressed on both injured and uninjured sides in both groups. Third, increased production of 5-HT in AADC cells following 5-HTP was seen in 5-day but not in 60-day postinjury group. These results suggest that plastic changes of the 5-HT system might happen primarily in the subchronic phase and for longer period its function could be compensated by plastic changes of other intrinsic and/or supraspinal modulation systems.

scholarly journals Spinal Cord Injury Enables Aromatic L-Amino Acid Decarboxylase Cells to Synthesize Monoamines

2014 ◽  
Vol 34 (36) ◽  
pp. 11984-12000 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Wienecke ◽  
L.-Q. Ren ◽  
H. Hultborn ◽  
M. Chen ◽  
M. Moller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Acid Decarboxylase ◽  
Amino Acid Decarboxylase ◽  
Cord Injury

scholarly journals Heterogenic Distribution of Aromatic L-Amino Acid Decarboxylase Neurons in the Rat Spinal Cord

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li-Qun Ren ◽  
Meng Chen ◽  
Hans Hultborn ◽  
Sen Guo ◽  
Yifan Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Acid Decarboxylase ◽  
Rat Spinal Cord ◽  
Amino Acid Decarboxylase

Production of Dopamine by Aromatic l-Amino Acid Decarboxylase Cells after Spinal Cord Injury

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (12) ◽  
pp. 1150-1160 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li-Qun Ren ◽  
Jacob Wienecke ◽  
Hans Hultborn ◽  
Mengliang Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Acid Decarboxylase ◽  
Amino Acid Decarboxylase ◽  
Cord Injury

scholarly journals Aromatic L-amino Acid Decarboxylase (AADC) deficiency: results from an Italian modified Delphi consensus

2021 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlo Fusco ◽  
◽  
Vincenzo Leuzzi ◽  
Pasquale Striano ◽  
Roberta Battini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Diagnostic Delay ◽  
Steering Committee ◽  
Outcome Data ◽  
Diagnosis And Treatment ◽  
Acid Decarboxylase ◽  
Delphi Consensus ◽  
Amino Acid Decarboxylase ◽  
Modified Delphi ◽  
Number Of Patients

Abstract Background Aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase (AADC) deficiency is a rare and underdiagnosed neurometabolic disorder resulting in a complex neurological and non-neurological phenotype, posing diagnostic challenges resulting in diagnostic delay. Due to the low number of patients, gathering high-quality scientific evidence on diagnosis and treatment is difficult. Additionally, based on the estimated prevalence, the number of undiagnosed patients is likely to be high. Methods Italian experts in AADC deficiency formed a steering committee to engage clinicians in a modified Delphi consensus to promote discussion, and support research, dissemination and awareness on this disorder. Five experts in the field elaborated six main topics, each subdivided into 4 statements and invited 13 clinicians to give their anonymous feedback. Results 100% of the statements were answered and a consensus was reached at the first round. This enabled the steering committee to acknowledge high rates of agreement between experts on clinical presentation, phenotypes, diagnostic work-up and treatment strategies. A research gap was identified in the lack of standardized cognitive and motor outcome data. The need for setting up an Italian working group and a patients’ association, together with the dissemination of knowledge inside and outside scientific societies in multiple medical disciplines were recognized as critical lines of intervention. Conclusions The panel expressed consensus with high rates of agreement on a series of statements paving the way to disseminate clear messages concerning disease presentation, diagnosis and treatment and strategic interventions to disseminate knowledge at different levels. Future lines of research were also identified.

Changes in serotonin contents in brain affect metabolic heat production of rabbits in cold

1978 ◽  
Vol 235 (1) ◽  
pp. R41-R47
Author(s):  
M. T. Lin ◽  
I. H. Pang ◽  
S. I. Chern ◽  
W. Y. Chia
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Heat Loss ◽  
Acid Decarboxylase ◽  
Evaporative Heat Loss ◽  
Decarboxylase Inhibitor ◽  
Ambient Temperatures ◽  
Amino Acid Decarboxylase ◽  
Metabolic Heat ◽  
Normal Limits

Elevating serotonin (5-HT) contents in brain with 5-hydroxytryptophan (5-HTP) reduced rectal temperature (Tre) in rabbits after peripheral decarboxylase inhibition with the aromatic-L-amino-acid decarboxylase inhibitor R04-4602 at two ambient temperatures (Ta), 2 and 22 degrees C. The hypothermia was brought about by both an increase in respiratory evaporative heat loss (Eres) and a decrease in metabolic rate (MR) in the cold. At a Ta of 22 degrees C, the hypothermia was achieved solely due to an increase in heat loss. Depleting brain contents of 5-HT with intraventricular, 5,7-dihydroxytryptamine (5,7-DHT) produced an increased Eres and ear blood flow even at Ta of 2 degrees C. Also, MR increased at all but the Ta of 32 degrees C. However, depleting the central and peripheral contents of 5-HT with p-chlorophenylalanine (pCPA) produced lower MR accompanied by lower Eres in the cold compared to the untreated control. Both groups of pCPA-treated and 5,7-DHT-treated animals maintained their Tre within normal limits. The data suggest that changes in 5-HT content in brain affects the MR of rabbits in the cold. Elevating brain content of 5-HT tends to depress the MR response to cold, while depleting brain content of 5-HT tends to enhance the MR response to cold.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document