scholarly journals An Efficient Primitive-Based Method to Recognize Online Sketched Symbols with Autocompletion

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Wei Deng ◽  
Lingda Wu ◽  
Yougen Zhang ◽  
Chao Yang
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Assignment Problem ◽  
Nearest Neighbor ◽  
Search Algorithm ◽  
Recognition Rate ◽  
The Other ◽  
Structural Method ◽  
Symbol Recognition ◽  
Input Symbol

We present a new structural method of sketched symbol recognition, which aims to recognize a hand-drawn symbol before it is fully completed. It is invariant to scale, stroke number, and order. We also present two novel descriptors to represent the spatial distribution between two primitives. One is invariant to rotation and the other is not. Then a symbol is represented as a set of descriptors. The distance between the input symbol and the template one is calculated based on the assignment problem. Moreover, a fast nearest neighbor (NN) search algorithm is proposed for recognition. The method achieves a satisfactory recognition rate in real time.

scholarly journals Display Behavior and Spatial Distribution of the Red-Headed Manakin in the Atlantic Forest of Brazil

The Condor ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 106 (2) ◽  
pp. 320-335 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivandy N. Castro-Astor ◽  
Maria Alice S. Alves ◽  
Roberto B. Cavalcanti
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Atlantic Forest ◽  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Nearest Neighbor ◽  
Average Distance ◽  
The Other ◽  
Dispersion Pattern ◽  
Mata Atlântica ◽  
Display Behavior ◽  
Mata Atlantica

AbstractWe studied the display behavior and spatial distribution of the Red-headed Manakin (Pipra rubrocapilla, Pipridae) in the Atlantic Forest of the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. The average distance between display sites was 72.5 ± 34.1 m (n = 11, range = 34.0–157.0 m). The study area included one 13-site lek and two solitary display sites. All sites of the same lek were within earshot of at least one other site. Males occupied the same display sites between years. The dispersion pattern of males is typical of exploded or dispersed leks. Males were more likely to interact with their nearest neighbor than with males from more distant display sites. Red-headed Manakin lekking behavior is remarkably complex, including 11 display elements, two of them not found in other members of the P. erythrocephala clade, nine vocalizations, and one mechanical sound previously undescribed in the Red-headed Manakin. The males performed both solitary displays and coordinated displays with other males on both their own display sites and on those of the other males. Most of the time, two definitive-plumaged males displayed together. The displays, vocalizations, and mechanical sound recorded in this study contribute to our understanding of the evolution of display behavior in manakins, mainly to the members of the P. erythrocephala clade.Despliegue de Cortejo y Distribución Espacial de Pipra rubrocapilla en la Mata Atlántica de BrasilResumen. Estudiamos el despliegue de cortejo y la distribución espacial de Pipra rubrocapilla (Pipridae) en el área de la Mata Atlántica del Estado de Río de Janeiro, Brasil. La distancia promedio entre los lugares de cortejo fue de 72.5 ± 34.1 m (n = 11, rango = 34.0–157.0). El área de estudio incluyó un lek con 13 lugares de cortejo y dos lugares de cortejo aislados. Desde un lugar de cortejo en un lek se podía oir la vocalización del vecino más próximo. Los machos ocuparon los mismos lugares de cortejo durante años, y presentaron la distribución espacial típica de los leks dispersos. Observamos más interacciones entre los machos de los lugares de cortejo más próximos. El despliegue de cortejo de P. rubrocapilla es muy complejo, incluyendo 11 elementos de cortejo (dos de ellos no descritos para otras especies del clado P. erythrocephala), nueve vocalizaciones y un sonido mecá nico, que hasta el momento, no había sido registrado para P. rubrocapilla. Los machos ejecutan despliegues de cortejo solitarios y despligues coordinados con otros machos en sus lugares de cortejo y en los de otros machos. La mayoría de las veces, el despliegue de cortejo es praticado por dos machos adultos. El despliegue de cortejo, las vocalizaciones y el sonido mecánico registrados en este estudio contribuyen al entendimiento de la evolución del despliegue de cortejo en los pípridos, principalmente en las especies que conforman el clado de P. erythrocephala.

Spatial Interpolators for Intra-Frame Resampling of SAR Videos: A Comparative Study Using Real-Time HD, Medical and Radar Data

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 144-196 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad R. Khosravi ◽  
Sadegh Samadi ◽  
Reza Mohseni
Keyword(s):  
Computational Complexity ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Video Compression ◽  
Nearest Neighbor ◽  
Radar Data ◽  
Edge Preservation ◽  
Edge Information ◽  
Video Codecs ◽  
Comparative Results ◽  
Interesting Area

Background: Real-time video coding is a very interesting area of research with extensive applications into remote sensing and medical imaging. Many research works and multimedia standards for this purpose have been developed. Some processing ideas in the area are focused on second-step (additional) compression of videos coded by existing standards like MPEG 4.14. Materials and Methods: In this article, an evaluation of some techniques with different complexity orders for video compression problem is performed. All compared techniques are based on interpolation algorithms in spatial domain. In details, the acquired data is according to four different interpolators in terms of computational complexity including fixed weights quartered interpolation (FWQI) technique, Nearest Neighbor (NN), Bi-Linear (BL) and Cubic Cnvolution (CC) interpolators. They are used for the compression of some HD color videos in real-time applications, real frames of video synthetic aperture radar (video SAR or ViSAR) and a high resolution medical sample. Results: Comparative results are also described for three different metrics including two reference- based Quality Assessment (QA) measures and an edge preservation factor to achieve a general perception of various dimensions of the mentioned problem. Conclusion: Comparisons show that there is a decidable trade-off among video codecs in terms of more similarity to a reference, preserving high frequency edge information and having low computational complexity.

A Pandemic of Violence? The Impact of COVID-19 on Conflict

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara M.T. Polo
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Armed Conflict ◽  
Event Data ◽  
Social Unrest ◽  
Johns Hopkins University ◽  
The World ◽  
Political Advantage ◽  
The Impact

AbstractThis article examines the impact and repercussions of the COVID-19 pandemic on patterns of armed conflict around the world. It argues that there are two main ways in which the pandemic is likely to fuel, rather than mitigate, conflict and engender further violence in conflict-prone countries: (1) the exacerbating effect of COVID-19 on the underlying root causes of conflict and (2) the exploitation of the crisis by governments and non-state actors who have used the coronavirus to gain political advantage and territorial control. The article uses data collected in real-time by the Armed Conflict Location & Event Data Project (ACLED) and the Johns Hopkins University to illustrate the unfolding and spatial distribution of conflict events before and during the pandemic and combine this with three brief case studies of Afghanistan, Nigeria, and Libya. Descriptive evidence shows how levels of violence have remained unabated or even escalated during the first five months of the pandemic and how COVID-19-related social unrest has spread beyond conflict-affected countries.

scholarly journals Clustering of cancer data based on Stiefel manifold for multiple views

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Tian ◽  
Jianping Zhao ◽  
Chunhou Zheng
Keyword(s):  
Optimization Problem ◽  
Nearest Neighbor ◽  
Search Algorithm ◽  
Stiefel Manifold ◽  
Omics Data ◽  
K Nearest Neighbor ◽  
Cancer Data ◽  
Clustering Problem ◽  
Multiple Datasets ◽  
Cluster Class

Abstract Background In recent years, various sequencing techniques have been used to collect biomedical omics datasets. It is usually possible to obtain multiple types of omics data from a single patient sample. Clustering of omics data plays an indispensable role in biological and medical research, and it is helpful to reveal data structures from multiple collections. Nevertheless, clustering of omics data consists of many challenges. The primary challenges in omics data analysis come from high dimension of data and small size of sample. Therefore, it is difficult to find a suitable integration method for structural analysis of multiple datasets. Results In this paper, a multi-view clustering based on Stiefel manifold method (MCSM) is proposed. The MCSM method comprises three core steps. Firstly, we established a binary optimization model for the simultaneous clustering problem. Secondly, we solved the optimization problem by linear search algorithm based on Stiefel manifold. Finally, we integrated the clustering results obtained from three omics by using k-nearest neighbor method. We applied this approach to four cancer datasets on TCGA. The result shows that our method is superior to several state-of-art methods, which depends on the hypothesis that the underlying omics cluster class is the same. Conclusion Particularly, our approach has better performance than compared approaches when the underlying clusters are inconsistent. For patients with different subtypes, both consistent and differential clusters can be identified at the same time.

scholarly journals Evaluating Latency in Multiprocessing Embedded Systems for the Smart Grid

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (11) ◽  
pp. 3322
Author(s):  
Sara Alonso ◽  
Jesús Lázaro ◽  
Jaime Jiménez ◽  
Unai Bidarte ◽  
Leire Muguira
Keyword(s):  
Operating System ◽  
Smart Grid ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Processing System ◽  
The Other ◽  
Programmable Logic ◽  
Detailed Characterization ◽  
Timing Constraint ◽  
Time Part

Smart grid endpoints need to use two environments within a processing system (PS), one with a Linux-type operating system (OS) using the Arm Cortex-A53 cores for management tasks, and the other with a standalone execution or a real-time OS using the Arm Cortex-R5 cores. The Xen hypervisor and the OpenAMP framework allow this, but they may introduce a delay in the system, and some messages in the smart grid need a latency lower than 3 ms. In this paper, the Linux thread latencies are characterized by the Cyclictest tool. It is shown that when Xen hypervisor is used, this scenario is not suitable for the smart grid as it does not meet the 3 ms timing constraint. Then, standalone execution as the real-time part is evaluated, measuring the delay to handle an interrupt created in programmable logic (PL). The standalone application was run in A53 and R5 cores, with Xen hypervisor and OpenAMP framework. These scenarios all met the 3 ms constraint. The main contribution of the present work is the detailed characterization of each real-time execution, in order to facilitate selecting the most suitable one for each application.

scholarly journals Traceable Air Baggage Handling System Based on RFID Tags in the Airport

2008 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 106-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ting Zhang ◽  
Yuanxin Ouyang ◽  
Yang He
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Recognition Rate ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Object Identification ◽  
Rfid Tags ◽  
Handling System ◽  
International Airport ◽  
Management Efficiency ◽  
Baggage Handling

The RFID is not only a feasible, novel, and cost-effective candidate for daily object identification but it is also considered as a significant tool to provide traceable visibility along different stages of the aviation supply chain. In the air baggage handing application, the RFID tags are used to enhance the ability for baggage tracking, dispatching and conveyance so as to improve the management efficiency and the users’ satisfaction. We surveyed current related work and introduce the IATA RP1740c protocol used for the standard to recognize the baggage tags. One distributed aviation baggage traceable application is designed based on the RFID networks. We describe the RFID-based baggage tracking experiment in the BCIA (Beijing Capital International Airport). In this experiment the tags are sealed in the printed baggage label and the RFID readers are fixed in the certain interested positions of the BHS in the Terminal 2. We measure the accurate recognition rate and monitor the baggage’s real-time situation on the monitor’s screen. Through the analysis of the measured results within two months we emphasize the advantage of the adoption of RFID tags in this high noisy BHS environment. The economical benefits achieved by the extensive deployment of RFID in the baggage handing system are also outlined.

PROBING AWAY SIDE JET MODIFICATION WITH THREE PARTICLE CORRELATIONS

2007 ◽  
Vol 16 (07n08) ◽  
pp. 1982-1987
Author(s):  
◽  
N. N. AJITANAND
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Correlation Functions ◽  
Theoretical Models ◽  
The Other ◽  
Experimental Investigations ◽  
Powerful Method ◽  
Particle Correlation ◽  
Low Viscosity ◽  
Jet Modification ◽  
Rhic Data

Recent experimental investigations have focussed on the abnormal spatial distribution of away side jet fragments as signals of significant medium induced effects. A variety of theoretical models including recent string-theory based efforts have supported the notion of Mach Cone like effects in the low viscosity QGP fluid. However, the presence of significant flow fields may deflect the fragmentation direction producing a significantly differing type of jet topology from that of the Mach cone. Three particle correlation functions constitute a powerful method whereby the predominance of one or the other type of mechanism can be differentiated. In this work the use of such an approach will be demonstrated via simulations and the results of its application to RHIC data will be presented.

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