scholarly journals Calorie Labeling in a Rural Middle School Influences Food Selection: Findings from Community-Based Participatory Research

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monica Hunsberger ◽  
Paul McGinnis ◽  
Jamie Smith ◽  
Beth Ann Beamer ◽  
Jean O’Malley

Background.Calorie labeling at the point-of-purchase in chain restaurants has been shown to reduce energy intake.Objective.To investigate the impact of point-of-purchase calorie information at one rural middle school.Methods.With a community-based participatory research framework a mixed method approach was used to evaluate the impact of point-of-purchase calorie information. Students in grades 6–8, dining at the school cafeteria January and February 2010, participated for 17 school days each month; in January a menu was offered in the usual manner without calorie labels; the same menu was prepared in February with the addition of calorie labels at point-of-purchase. Gross calories served per student were measured each day allowing for matched comparison by menu. In March/April of 2010, 32 students who ate in the cafeteria 3 or more times per week were interviewed regarding their views on menu labeling.Results.Calorie consumption decreased by an average of 47 calories/day; fat intake reduced by 2.1 grams/day. Five main themes were consistent throughout the interviews.Conclusion.Point-of-purchase calorie labels can play a role in reducing the number of calories consumed by middle school age children at the lunch. The majority of students interviewed found the calorie labels helped them choose healthier food.

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 39-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jordan B Hearod ◽  
Marianna S Wetherill ◽  
Alicia L Salvatore ◽  
Valarie Blue Bird Jernigan

ABSTRACT We conducted a 2-phase systematic review of the literature to examine the nature and outcomes of health research using a community-based participatory research (CBPR) approach with AI communities to assess both the value and the impact of CBPR, identify gaps in knowledge, and guide recommendations for AI research agendas. Using PRISMA guidelines, we searched the peer-reviewed literature published from 1995 to 2016 and identified and reviewed 42 unique intervention studies. We identified and catalogued key study characteristics, and using the Reliability-Tested Guidelines for Assessing Participatory Research Projects, we quantified adherence to participatory research principles across its four domains. Finally, we examined any association between community participation score and health outcomes. The majority of studies (76.7%) used an observational study design with diabetes, cancer, substance abuse, and tobacco being the most common topics. Half of the articles reported an increase in knowledge as the primary outcome. Our findings suggest that a CBPR orientation yields improved community outcomes. However, we could not conclude that community participation was directly associated with an improvement in health outcomes.


2014 ◽  
Vol 41 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 1045-1063 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Muhammad ◽  
Nina Wallerstein ◽  
Andrew L. Sussman ◽  
Magdalena Avila ◽  
Lorenda Belone ◽  
...  

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
John G. Oetzel ◽  
Nina Wallerstein ◽  
Bonnie Duran ◽  
Shannon Sanchez-Youngman ◽  
Tung Nguyen ◽  
...  

Objectives. A key challenge in evaluating the impact of community-based participatory research (CBPR) is identifying what mechanisms and pathways are critical for health equity outcomes. Our purpose is to provide an empirical test of the CBPR conceptual model to address this challenge. Methods. A three-stage quantitative survey was completed: (1) 294 US CBPR projects with US federal funding were identified; (2) 200 principal investigators completed a questionnaire about project-level details; and (3) 450 community or academic partners and principal investigators completed a questionnaire about perceived contextual, process, and outcome variables. Seven in-depth qualitative case studies were conducted to explore elements of the model not captured in the survey; one is presented due to space limitations. Results. We demonstrated support for multiple mechanisms illustrated by the conceptual model using a latent structural equation model. Significant pathways were identified, showing the positive association of context with partnership structures and dynamics. Partnership structures and dynamics showed similar associations with partnership synergy and community involvement in research; both of these had positive associations with intermediate community changes and distal health outcomes. The case study complemented and extended understandings of the mechanisms of how partnerships can improve community conditions. Conclusions. The CBPR conceptual model is well suited to explain key relational and structural pathways for impact on health equity outcomes.


Author(s):  
Maria Mayan ◽  
Sanchia Lo ◽  
Merin Oleschuk ◽  
Anna Paucholo ◽  
Daley Laing

 Multi-sector collaborative partnerships hold much promise in tackling seemingly intractable and complex social issues. However, they often encounter many challenges in achieving their goals. Leadership can play an important role in reducing the impact of factors that threaten a multi-sector partnership’s success. Community-based participatory research (CBPR) partnerships are collaborative and, in many cases, multi-sectored. While there is a developing literature and practice on multi-sector, collaborative partnerships, leadership in CBPR is relatively unexplored, especially at various partnership stages (i.e., formation, implementation, maintenance, and accomplishment of goal). Through the method of focused ethnography, we explored the research question “How is leadership exercised during the formation stage of a CBPR partnership?” Eighteen partners (government, community, and university sectors) were interviewed about the leadership during the formation stage of their partnership, and data were qualitatively content-analyzed. Partners explained that leadership was exercised during the formation stage through (1) individual characteristics, (2) actions, and (3) as a collective. Our findings illustrate that CBPR leadership shares many of the characteristics of traditional leadership and adapts them to support the collaborative process of CBPR, leading to a collective form of leadership. These findings have implications for the study and practice of CBPR leadership.


2019 ◽  
Vol 46 (1_suppl) ◽  
pp. 19S-32S ◽  
Author(s):  
Nina Wallerstein ◽  
Michael Muhammad ◽  
Shannon Sanchez-Youngman ◽  
Patricia Rodriguez Espinosa ◽  
Magdalena Avila ◽  
...  

Community-based participatory research has a long-term commitment to principles of equity and justice with decades of research showcasing the added value of power-sharing and participatory involvement of community members for achieving health, community capacity, policy, and social justice outcomes. Missing, however, has been a clear articulation of how power operates within partnership practices and the impact of these practices on outcomes. The National Institutes of Health–funded Research for Improved Health study (2009-2013), having surveyed 200 partnerships, then conducted seven in-depth case studies to better understand which partnership practices can best build from community histories of organizing to address inequities. The diverse case studies represented multiple ethnic–racial and other marginalized populations, health issues, and urban and rural areas and regions. Cross-cutting analyses of the qualitative results focus on how oppressive and emancipatory forms of power operate within partnerships in response to oppressive conditions or emancipatory histories of advocacy within communities. The analysis of power was conducted within each of the four domains of the community-based participatory research conceptual model, starting from how contexts shape partnering processes to impact short-term intervention and research outputs, and contribute to outcomes. Similarities and differences in how partnerships leveraged and addressed their unique contexts and histories are presented, with both structural and relational practices that intentionally addressed power relations. These results demonstrate how community members draw from their resilience and strengths to combat histories of injustice and oppression, using partnership principles and practices toward multilevel outcomes that honor community knowledge and leadership, and seek shared power, policy, and community transformation changes, thereby advancing health equity.


Author(s):  
Daisuke Kato ◽  
Yuki Kataoka ◽  
Erfen Gustiawan Suwangto ◽  
Makoto Kaneko ◽  
Hideki Wakabayashi ◽  
...  

The objective of this study was to assess the impact of a 2010 community-based participatory research (CBPR) reporting guideline on the quality of reporting a CBPR on smoking cessation. We searched the MEDLINE, Embase, the Cochrane Central Register for Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), PsycINFO, and Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL) databases and included articles published up to December 2019 (PROSPERO: CRD42019111668). We assessed reporting quality using the 13-item checklist. Of the 80 articles identified, 42 (53%) were published after 2010. The overall reporting quality before and after 2010 was poor and did not differ significantly (mean difference: 0.66, 95% confidence interval [CI]: −0.21 to 1.53). The total reporting scores of the studies did not differ significantly according to the effect size of the intervention (beta coefficient: −2.86, 95% CI: −5.77 to 0.04). This study demonstrates the need to improve the quality of reporting CBPRs. We recommend that journal editors endorse the CBPR reporting guideline to encourage its use by more researchers.


2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (S1) ◽  
pp. 8-8
Author(s):  
Emily Zimmerman ◽  
Chanel Bea ◽  
Alicia Aroche ◽  
Alex Krist

OBJECTIVES/SPECIFIC AIMS: Engaging Richmond is a community-university partnership, made up of local residents and university faculty and staff that was established in 2011 with an NIH supplement to a Clinical and Translational Science Research Award at Virginia Commonwealth University (VCU). The primary aims of the supplement were to (1) to conduct community-based participatory research (CBPR) on the leading causes of health disparities perceived by the Richmond community and (2) to thereby highlight community needs and assets and build capacity for future community-engaged research (CEnR). The goal was to prepare a community-focused, community-prioritized, health equity report while building capacity, strengthening relationships, and discovering local barriers to CEnR, and therefore to stimulate, facilitate, and inform future CEnR at VCU. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: This is a case study exploring the impact of 1 community-university partnership on investigator-initiated research using historical and qualitative data. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: Although Engaging Richmond received only 12 months of support from the NIH supplement that provided its initial funding, the community-university partnership has worked continuously since its formation in 2011. This work has not only helped to build connections with the community and key stakeholders, it has also contributed substantially to the resources available to university faculty pursuing CEnR. Specifically, we find that Engaging Richmond has contributed to investigator initiated research in the following ways, either working as co-investigators or in a consultative capacity: consultation on proposal development (5 projects); assisted with instrument development (4 projects); participant recruitment (7 projects); data collection and analysis (6 projects); dissemination (5 projects). In addition to collaboration on projects, Engaging Richmond has increased institutional capacity for CEnR through its contributions to the Annual Community Engaged Institute at the university and the Center of Clinical and Translational Science’s Community Review Board (CRB). The CRB helps researchers work successfully in a community setting, enhance the research design, help to improve study implementation and assist with translation and dissemination of findings. DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF IMPACT: Although community-university partnerships have become much more common over the past several decades, there remains a gap in research evidence on the impact of these partnerships. In their 2004 review, Viswanathan et al. note that community-based participatory research studies infrequently document improved capacity of researchers and research organizations as an outcome, despite the expectation that such improvement will accrue through investment in CEnR. A more recent study assessing the range of community-university partnerships across a research university also noted the lack of processes in place to assess impacts (Holton et al., 2015). While assessments of CEnR impact on communities have become increasingly common as demand for evidence about the effectiveness of community-engaged partnerships has mounted, there does not appear to be a similar trend in assessing the impact of these efforts on faculty research and institutional capacity. By focusing on the impact of 1 community-university partnership that has been sustained for over 5 years, we highlight the ways in which having ongoing partnerships in place can support and strengthen investigator-initiated research, reflecting the flexible, “2-way approach” (Weerts and Sandmann, 2010) at the heart of CEnR.


2021 ◽  
pp. 237337992110411
Author(s):  
Duke D. Biber ◽  
Peter Stoepker ◽  
Sarah Gross ◽  
Jennifer Heidorn ◽  
Gina Brandenburg ◽  
...  

There has been a shift in higher education from traditional lecture-based learning to incorporating high-impact practices and experiential learning. These practices offer students an opportunity to engage in real-world settings that allow them to apply course content directly into practice. In order for high-impact practices to be effective, both program implementation and evaluation should be conducted collaboratively with community stakeholders, also known as community-based participatory research (CBPR). The Girls Empowering Movement (GEM) initiative, an out-of-school time physical activity program, is an example of CBPR in that it was developed by middle school girls, for middle school girls. The purpose of this article is to provide the framework used to recruit and train undergraduate students to collaboratively lead the GEM initiative in the southeastern United States. This article discusses how community partnerships were created, how specific content and curricular decisions were made to foster a unique learning experience, and how evaluation protocols were created to ensure undergraduate learning and community collaboration.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul N. McDaniel ◽  
Darlene Xiomara Rodriguez ◽  
Lara Smith-Sitton

From 2016 to 2018, an interdisciplinary community-engaged project incorporating community-based participatory research methodology, explored how the role of storytelling is integral for the transference of knowledge, history, and sense of purpose. The outcomes help us understand how the views of receiving communities change over time with respect to migrants through their own stories, thus impacting the work of immigrant-serving organizations, such as Georgia-based Welcoming America, a nonprofit committed to implementing a variety of initiatives to cultivate welcoming cities and welcoming regions. Our project gauges the impact of the 2018 publication, Green Card Youth Voices: Immigration Stories from an Atlanta High School.


2020 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pugie T. Chimberengwa ◽  
Mergan Naidoo

Background: Hypertension (HT) is a key contributor to cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). The improved management of HT in the community and primary care settings should be a priority for low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Improving the prevention and management of HT in primary care settings should also be a priority for developing countries. There is a need for more studies using community-based approaches that show the impact of these programmes on HT outcomes, which may motivate policymakers to invest in such approaches. The ward-based outreach team or village healthcare worker models were meant to provide such approaches, but many of these have become lower levels of curative care. We conducted a scoping review to examine how community-based participatory research (CBPR) was being used to improve HT management.Methods: Several electronic databases were searched, namely PubMed, MEDLINE, Google Scholar and Web of Science, generating 798 references. The publications were screened through several rounds. Data were extracted and imported into a Microsoft Excel spreadsheet, numerically summarised and qualitatively analysed.Results: Nine articles were included. These publications originated from the United States, Colombia, Canada, China, South Africa and Zimbabwe. Mixed methods, qualitative, randomised control trials and quasi-experimental studies were used to implement CBPR in the studies included. All the studies addressed complex health problems and inequities among the minorities utilising multiple stakeholder participation. Academic–community coalitions were formed, which enabled engagement and sharing of power equitably. As a result, there was acceptability and sustainability of interventions.Conclusion: A CBPR framework can be used to define the context, group dynamics, implementation and outcomes of HT. It is possible to apply CBPR in HT management to appropriately address health disparities while emphasising a community-driven approach. To achieve this, tailored health education platforms should be developed and implemented.


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