scholarly journals The Effects of Natural Weathering on Color Stability of Impregnated and Varnished Wood Materials

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Turkay Turkoglu ◽  
Ergun Baysal ◽  
Hilmi Toker
Keyword(s):  
Scots Pine ◽  
Color Change ◽  
Color Stability ◽  
The Other ◽  
Natural Weathering ◽  
Color Changes ◽  
Oriental Beech ◽  
Total Color Change ◽  
Dark Color ◽  
Copper Arsenate

The aim of this study was to investigate effects of natural weathering on color stability of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestrisL.) and Oriental beech (Fagus orientalisL.) impregnated with some chemicals [tanalith-E (TN-E), adolit-KD5 (AD-KD5), and chromated copper arsenate (CCA)] and then varnished [synthetic varnish (SV) and polyurethane varnish (PV)]. While applying varnish increased lightness, impregnation decreased lightness of the wood specimens before natural weathering. Natural weathering caused greenish, bluish, and dark color tones of the wood surface. Total color change was increased with increasing exposure times in natural weathering. Untreated (control) wood specimens exhibited higher color changes than the other wood specimens in all the stages of natural weathering. The total color changes of untreated Oriental beech specimens were less than untreated Scots pine specimens. The color stability of impregnated and varnished wood specimens gave better results than untreated and solely varnished wood specimens after natural weathering. The best color stability was obtained from both Oriental beech and Scots pine wood impregnated with TN-E before PV coating.

scholarly journals Color stability of esthetic coatings applied to nickel-titanium archwires

2017 ◽  
Vol 46 (5) ◽  
pp. 307-311
Author(s):  
Marcus Vinicius Neiva Nunes do REGO ◽  
Geórgia Wain Thi LAU ◽  
Yago Carneiro ARAÚJO ◽  
Rayssa Melo e SILVA
Keyword(s):  
Epoxy Resin ◽  
Color Change ◽  
Color Stability ◽  
Surface Characteristics ◽  
Nickel Titanium ◽  
Staining Solution ◽  
Color Changes ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Total Color Change ◽  
Coating Type

Abstract Introduction Color stability is an important feature to be considered when using esthetic coated archwires. Objective To evaluate color changes on the surface of esthetic nickel-titanium archwires coated with Teflon (Ortho Organizers, USA) or epoxy resin (Tecnident, Brazil) after immersion in staining solution. Material and method Twelve 20-mm-long wire segments were used for each type of coating, which were mounted as two test specimens with a width of 7 mm each. The buccal surface of the archwires was evaluated for fluorescence and color measurements both at baseline and after immersion in a staining solution for 21 days using the VITA Easyshade® Compact spectrophotometer (Model DEASYC220). Differences in total color change according to coating type were compared using an independent samples t-test (p<0.05). The surface characteristics of as-received coated archwires were assessed using scanning electron microscopy. Result Color changes were observed on the esthetic coatings, with a significant difference between the two brands analyzed. Surface analysis revealed flaws such as wear, pitting, elevations, lack of material, granulation, grooves, cracks, and lack of standardization in the coating process in all as-received archwires, but flaws were less evident in epoxy-resin coatings. Conclusion The two esthetic coatings did not show color stability, but Teflon coatings showed a more intense color change than epoxy-resin coatings.

scholarly journals Color stability of an artificially aged nanofilled composite resin post-cured with different techniques

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-58
Author(s):  
Lais Sampaio Souza ◽  
Tais Rocha Donato ◽  
Gabriela Alves Cerqueira ◽  
Andrea Nobrega Cavalcanti ◽  
Paula Mathias
Keyword(s):  
Composite Resin ◽  
Color Change ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Color Stability ◽  
Microwave Oven ◽  
Composite Resins ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Color Analysis ◽  
Color Changes ◽  
Total Color Change

Background. Post-cured composite resins exhibit improvements in physical and mechanical properties due to additional polymerization conversion. However, the post-curing techniques might influence the color stability of composite resin materials. Thus, this study evaluated the color stability of a nanofilled composite resin (Filtek Z350 XT - 3M ESPE) subjected to different post-curing techniques. Methods. Sixty samples (color A2) were randomly allocated to six experimental groups (n=10): G1: photoactivation (P) (control); G2: P + microwave oven with distilled water; G3: P + microwave oven without distilled water; G4: P + conventional oven; G5: P + dry-heat sterilizer; G6: P + steam autoclave. All the groups were stored in distilled water for 60 days and immersed daily in 5 mL of a coffee solution for 3 minutes. The color readings (CIEL*a*b* system) were performed at two different time intervals, initially and after 60 days, in a reflectance spectrophotometer (UV-2600; Shimadzu). The colorimetric readings were performed using the Color Analysis software (CIEL*a*b* system). Results. Group G6 exhibited significantly low values of total color change (ΔE=13.16). The control (ΔE=15.32) and G5 (ΔE=15.49) groups exhibited intermediate values, with no difference between them. In turn, the groups in which the resin was heated in a microwave (G2 ΔE=18.55 and G3 ΔE=19.45) exhibited the most significant color changes (one-way ANOVA and Tukey test, P≤0.05). Conclusion. Steam autoclave post-polymerization increased the color stability of the nanofilled resin subjected to artificial aging and coffee immersion.

scholarly journals Optimization of the effect of accelerated weathering conditions on wood surfaces via the Taguchi method

BioResources ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 1642-1653
Author(s):  
Rifat Kurt ◽  
Ahmet Can
Keyword(s):  
Taguchi Method ◽  
Scots Pine ◽  
Color Change ◽  
Accelerated Weathering ◽  
Color Changes ◽  
Uv Irradiance ◽  
Total Color Change ◽  
Uv Lamps ◽  
Wood Surfaces ◽  
Cutting Direction

This study investigated the effect of accelerated weathering conditions on total color changes on Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) and poplar (Populus x euroamericana) wood surfaces using the Taguchi method. The experiments, based on the L18 orthogonal array, were conducted separately for both tree species. The radial and tangential surfaces of wood specimens were subjected to an accelerated weathering process using 340 nm ultraviolet (UV) lamps and temperature conditions of 50 °C. The factors for the minimum color change were determined via the signal-to-noise (S/N) ratios of the four parameters thought to be effective on color change. These parameters were cutting direction (two levels), UV-irradiance, conditioning, and water (three levels each). The most important factor affecting the color change was then determined by analysis of variance (ANOVA) testing. The results showed that the maximum UV-irradiance (W/m2) had the largest effect on the total color change, while the cutting direction (radial and tangential) had the smallest effect. The factors that affected the total color change of the poplar and Scots pine wood specimens were the same. However, the analysis revealed that different application times had varying effects on the color change.

scholarly journals Effect of an Optical Whitening Toothpaste on Color Stability of Tooth-Colored Restorative Materials

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (01) ◽  
pp. 085-091
Author(s):  
Sedighe Sadat Hashemikamangar ◽  
Farnoosh Hoseinpour ◽  
Nazanin Kiomarsi ◽  
Mehrzad Gholampour Dehaki ◽  
Mohammad Javad Kharazifard
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Color Change ◽  
Color Stability ◽  
Composite Resins ◽  
Time Points ◽  
Color Changes ◽  
Honestly Significant Difference ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Resin Modified Glass Ionomer ◽  
Composite Samples

Abstract Objectives This study aimed to assess the effect of an optical whitening toothpaste on color stability of microhybrid, nanofilled, and microfilled composite resins and resin-modified glass ionomer (RMGI) cement in comparison of two other toothpastes. Materials and Methods In this experimental study, disc-shaped composite samples were fabricated. The samples were then polished using silicon carbide papers. Twenty-seven samples of each material were fabricated and subjected to colorimetry using a spectrophotometer. Each group of material was then divided into three subgroups for the application of conventional whitening and whitening containing blue covarine toothpastes. One operator brushed the samples with an electric soft toothbrush with circular motion twice a day, each time for 30 seconds. Colorimetry was performed at 0, 1, 7, 30, and 90 days. Statistical Analysis Two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), one-way ANOVA, and Tukey’s honestly significant difference (HSD) test were used for statistical analysis. Results The interaction effect of type of restorative material and time on ∆E was not significant at baseline or 1 day (p > 0.05). The effect of type of toothpaste on ∆E was not significant at baseline or 1 day (p = 0.78) but the effect of type of material was significant (p < 0.05). The toothpastes had significantly different effects on ∆E of Z250 at all time points (p < 0.05) except for ∆E0–30 (p = 0.106). The toothpastes had significantly different effects on ∆E of Z350 and Gradia at all time points (p < 0.05). The same was true for RMGI except for ∆E0–7 (p = 0.43) and ∆E0–90 (p = 0.52). The majority of color changes caused by toothpastes were not clinically perceivable (∆E < 3.3), except for ∆E0–90 by the whitening toothpaste (∆E = 9), ∆E0–90 by the conventional toothpaste for Z350 (∆E = 3.9), and ∆E0–1 by the whitening toothpaste for RMGI (∆E = 3.7). Conclusion The color change of all composite samples was not clinically perceivable (<3.3) at all time points, which shows that the tested toothpastes do not cause a significant change in color of composite materials.

scholarly journals Evaluation of color change in acrylic and bisacrylic resin resins in different solutions

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 76
Author(s):  
Mone Laiz Bortoli ◽  
Cristina Von Appen ◽  
Camila Longoni ◽  
Carmen Beatriz Borges Fortes ◽  
Jefferson Tomio Sanada
Keyword(s):  
Color Change ◽  
Color Stability ◽  
Acrylic Resin ◽  
Color Variation ◽  
Color Reading ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Color Changes ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Prosthesis Material ◽  
Chlorhexidine Solution

Aim: This work aimed to evaluate the color stability of an acrylic resin chemically activated (ARCA) using different handling techniques, and a bisacrylic resin when exposed to different pigmentation solutions.Material and Methods: Silicon matrixes were confectioned (10x10x3mm) to be used as specimens. The groups were designed as follows: Group Pot, Group Brush, Group Manufacturer and Group Bisacrylic (n=18). Each group was exposed to three different pigmentation solutions: distilled water, coke and chlorhexidine digluconate 0.12%. Three readings were performed for each specimen using a spectrophotometer, and the evaluations were carried out in three different time. After the color reading, three averages and the standard deviation of variation were performed after 24 hours (T1), 7 days (T2) and 14 days (T3). Data were submitted to the ANOVA and 2 criteria and Tukey (P<0.05) in the statistical software SSPS 18 for Macintosh (SPSS Inc., Chicago, USA).Results: When compared the solutions in each group of material, there was no statistically significant difference, except for T3, where the group Dencor Brush and Bisacrylic demonstrated higher color variation in all the solutions, even in the control group, and the values in Chlorhexidine higher than the other, showing greater instability after 14 days.Conclusions: With the results, bisacrylic resin used as provisory prosthesis material presents greater color instability than the ARCA, when submitted to different solutions. Bisacrylic resin and Dencor Brush present significantly visible color changes in chlorhexidine solution after 14 days. All the materials in coke solution present homogeneity in the color change after 7 days exposition to the solution, with no visible color change.

scholarly journals The effect of optical brightening toothpaste on the color stability of esthetic restorative materials

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (Suppl. 1) ◽  
pp. 81-85
Author(s):  
Firdevs Kahvecioğlu ◽  
Elçim Çoban ◽  
Hayriye Esra Ülker
Keyword(s):  
Color Change ◽  
Calculated Data ◽  
Color Stability ◽  
Color Changes ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Restorative Materials ◽  
Cherry Juice ◽  
Native Speakers Of English ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Post Hoc

Aim: The aim of this study is to evaluate the effects of whitening toothpaste applications on the color stability of different tooth-colored restorative materials (Fuji IX, GC Fuji II LC, Equia Forte, and Kerr Point 4)  Methodology: Standardized fourty disc-shaped specimens were prepared from esthetic restorative materials and polished. The baseline color values of each specimen were then measured using a spectrophotometer, according to the Commission Internationale de l'Eclairage L*, a*, and b* (CIELAB) color scale. Ten specimens from each group were then immersed in two different beverages (cherry juice and coke) for seven days. After immersion, the color value of each specimen was re-measured. Each sample was brushed with whitening toothpaste for 30 seconds using an electric toothbrush. The samples were kept in distilled water at room temperature and brushing continued twice a day for seven days. The color change value, Delta E (ΔE), was calculated. Data were analyzed by two-way ANOVA and post hoc Tukey's test. Results: When the results were evaluated, after the colored samples had been brushed with whitening toothpaste, a difference was found between the Delta E values according to the materials used (p<0.001), but no difference was found in relation to the beverages (p>0.001). When the values of the color changes were evaluated after the first brushing with whitening toothpaste and before the specimens were colored with drinks, a difference was observed in the Fuji II cola, Fuji II cherry, and Equia Forte cola groups (p<0.05). When the values of the color changes were evaluated for specimens in which brushing had been done twice a day for seven days with whitening toothpaste and before they were colored with drinks, a significant difference was observed in the Fuji II cherry and Equia Forte cola groups (p<0.05). Conclusion: Using Signal White Now whitening toothpaste for 2 min 2 times a day for seven days caused significant changes in the color of the restorative materials. The color change is dependent upon the type of restorative material that is used.   How to cite this article: Kahvecioğlu F, Çoban E, Ülker HE. The effect of optical brightening toothpaste on the color stability of esthetic restorative materials. Int Dent Res 2021;11(Suppl.1):80-4. https://doi.org/10.5577/intdentres.2021.vol11.suppl1.13   Linguistic Revision: The English in this manuscript has been checked by at least two professional editors, both native speakers of English.

scholarly journals Does the temperature of beverages affect the surface roughness, hardness, and color stability of a composite resin?

2013 ◽  
Vol 07 (02) ◽  
pp. 165-171 ◽  
Author(s):  
Duygu Tuncer ◽  
Emel Karaman ◽  
Esra Firat
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Composite Resin ◽  
Color Change ◽  
Artificial Saliva ◽  
Color Stability ◽  
The Other ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Baseline Values ◽  
Hardness Values ◽  
Properties Of Composites

ABSTRACT Objective: To investigate the effect of beverages′ temperature on the surface roughness, hardness, and color stability of a composite resin. Materials and Methods: Fifty specimens of the Filtek Z250 composite (3M ESPE, Dental Products, St.Paul, MN, USA) were prepared and initial roughness, microhardness, and color were measured. Then the specimens were randomly divided into five groups of 10 specimens each: Coffee at 70°C, coffee at 37°C, cola at 10°C, cola at 37°C, and artificial saliva (control). After the samples were subjected to 15 min × 3 cycles per day of exposure to the solutions for 30 days, the final measurements were recorded. Results: After immersion in beverages, the artificial saliva group showed hardness values higher than those of the other groups (P < 0.001) and the microhardness values were significantly different from the initial values in all groups except for the control group. Both cola groups showed roughness values higher than the baseline values (P < 0.05), while the other groups showed values similar to the baseline measurements. When ΔE measurements were examined, the 70°C coffee group showed the highest color change among all the groups (P < 0.05). Conclusion: High-temperature solutions caused alterations in certain properties of composites, such as increased color change, although they did not affect the hardness or roughness of the composite resin material tested.

scholarly journals Color Stability and Gloss of Esthetic Restorative Materials after Chemical Challenges

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eduardo Haruki Ozera ◽  
Fernanda Miori Pascon ◽  
Américo Bortolazzo Correr ◽  
Regina Maria Puppin-Rontani ◽  
Aline Rogéria de Castilho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Color Change ◽  
Artificial Saliva ◽  
Color Stability ◽  
Initial Surface ◽  
Resin Composites ◽  
Cranberry Juice ◽  
Color Changes ◽  
Restorative Materials ◽  
Post Hoc ◽  
Acidic Beverages

Abstract This study evaluated gloss and color changes of esthetic restorative materials subjected to different acidic beverages. Specimens of resin composites (Z350XT (Z350), IPS Empress Direct (ED), Charisma Diamond (CD)) were prepared and the initial surface gloss and color (ΔE) were measured (n=10). Then, the specimens were immersed in 4 mL of each of the different beverages (cranberry juice; Coca-Cola; coffee or artificial saliva) during 15 min, 3x/day for 14 days and new gloss and color readings were obtained. Color change was evaluated with the ΔE formula and gloss change values were obtained by the formula: (final gloss - initial gloss). Data was submitted to two-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s post hoc test (a=0.05). CD showed the lowest color change among resin composites. The highest ΔE values were obtained after immersion in coffee and cranberry juice. Coffee promoted the highest gloss change (worst gloss retention), followed by cranberry juice, Coca-cola and artificial saliva (p<0.05). The type of beverage significantly influenced the gloss of resin composites. Coca-cola reduced gloss of the three resin composites in a similar manner. Coffee affected the ED gloss more than that of Z350 and CD, while cranberry juice affected Z350 more than ED and CD. Saliva had a more pronounced effect on the gloss retention of CD than ED. The beverages used in this study influenced the optical surface properties of the composites studied.

scholarly journals Surface Quality Evaluation of Removable Thermoplastic Dental Appliances Related to Staining Beverages and Cleaning Agents

Polymers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 1736
Author(s):  
Liliana Porojan ◽  
Roxana-Diana Vasiliu ◽  
Sorin-Daniel Porojan ◽  
Mihaela-Ionela Bîrdeanu
Keyword(s):  
Surface Topography ◽  
Surface Quality ◽  
Color Change ◽  
Water Immersion ◽  
Marked Change ◽  
Color Stability ◽  
Black Tea ◽  
Sem Images ◽  
Color Changes ◽  
Cleaning Agents

(1) Background: Thermoplastic materials are not inert and subject to changes in the oral environment, which affect their surface quality. Color stability and topographic characteristics of clear thermoplastic appliances are critical considerations. The study aimed to evaluate the optical changes and surface topography of different thermoplastic materials related to staining beverages and cleaning agents. (2) Methods: Thermoplastic polyethylene terephthalate glycol (PET-G) material specimens were selected for the study: S (Duran, Scheu-Dental GmbH, Iserlohn, Germany), D (Biolon, Dreve Dentamid GmbH, Unna, Germany), and B (Crystal, Bio Art Dental Equipment, Sao Carlos, Brazil). Four different media were involved for immersion: coffee (C) and black tea (T) at 55 °C, Coca-Cola (K) at 5 °C, and distilled water (W) at 22 °C. As for cleaning, chemical options and mechanical brushing were selected (P-powder, T-tablets, and X-brushing). Color changes, and mean surface roughness were measured at 24 h, 48 h, and after 7 days. Statistical analysis was performed. After the testing period, atomic force microscopy (AFM) analyses and SEM images were registered in order to characterize the surface topography. (3) Results: Quantitative color change evaluations revealed a slight change in color after 24 h and an extremely marked change after 48 h, respective 7 days. Mean roughness values are kept below the clinically acceptable limit of 0.20 µm for all samples. Related to mean nanoroughness values Sa, and 3D evaluations of the surface quality, Biolon samples have demonstrated the most constant behavior, while Crystal samples are visibly influenced by water immersion. Related to the cleaning method, the topography of Duran samples was influenced by mechanical brushing. (4) Conclusions: Nanoscale investigations provided high accuracy and more realistic surface quality examinations of the examined samples compared to profilometry. Both SEM and AFM should be used for a more detailed description of the surface topography.

Effect of storage temperature on the microbial and color stability of banana purée with addition of vanillin or potassium sorbate / Efecto de la temperatura de almacenamiento en la estabilidad microbiológica y en el color del puré de plátano con la adición de vainillina o sorbato de potasio

1999 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
X. Castañón ◽  
A. Argaiz ◽  
A. López-Malo
Keyword(s):  
Activation Energy ◽  
Free Energy ◽  
Microbial Growth ◽  
Storage Temperature ◽  
Color Stability ◽  
The Other ◽  
Potassium Sorbate ◽  
Native Flora ◽  
Color Changes ◽  
Different Temperatures

The microbial and color changes during storage at different temperatures (15, 25 and 35 °C) of ba nana purée preserved by the combination of a blanching, reduced pH (3.4) and water activity ( aw, 0.97) and the addition of 1000 or 3000 ppm of vanillin (VA) or 1000 ppm potassium sorbate (PS) were evaluated and compared. The use of 3000 ppm VA or 1000 ppm PS inhibited for at least 60 days of storage the native flora of the banana purée at any of the temperatures studied. The addition of 1000 ppm VA was not enough to stop the microbial growth. However, at 15 °C the growth was delayed 16 days. In the presence of 3000 ppm VA or 1000 ppm PS the banana purée stored at 15, 25 and 35 °C presented several color changes that contributed to browning. The rate of browning was greater in samples with VA than in those formulated with PS, but the activation energy was 10% lower in the former systems. An analysis of the transition state parameters revealed that Gibbs free energy was similar, indicating that the mechanism of browning did not change in the presence of one antimicro bial or the other.

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