scholarly journals Daily Physical Activity Assessed by a Triaxial Accelerometer Is Beneficially Associated with Waist Circumference, Serum Triglycerides, and Insulin Resistance in Japanese Patients with Prediabetes or Untreated Early Type 2 Diabetes

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hidetaka Hamasaki ◽  
Mitsuhiko Noda ◽  
Sumie Moriyama ◽  
Reo Yoshikawa ◽  
Hisayuki Katsuyama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Physical Activity Level ◽  
Daily Physical Activity ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Metabolic Risk ◽  
Triaxial Accelerometer ◽  
Serum Triglycerides

Aim. To investigate the association between daily physical activity and metabolic risk factors in Japanese adults with prediabetes or untreated early type 2 diabetes (T2D).Methods. Daily physical activity level was measured using a triaxial accelerometer. We assessed correlations between physical activity level and waist circumference, blood pressure, fasting levels of plasma glucose, serum triglycerides, and insulin and homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance (HOMA-IR).Results. A total of 80 patients were studied. After adjustment for age and body mass index, in all subjects, physical activity level was negatively associated with waist circumference (β=-0.124,P=0.018) and fasting serum triglycerides (β=-0.239,P=0.035), insulin (β=-0.224,P=0.022). In men, physical activity level was negatively associated with systolic blood pressure (β=-0.351,P=0.044), fasting plasma glucose (β=-0.369,P=0.025) and insulin (β=-0.362,P=0.012), and HOMA-IR (β=-0.371,P=0.011). No significant associations were found between physical activity level and metabolic risk factors in women.Conclusion. Objectively measured daily physical activity is beneficially associated with waist circumference, serum triglycerides, and insulin resistance in individuals with prediabetes or untreated early T2D. (This trial is registered withUMIN000015774.)

Genetic analysis of daily physical activity using a mouse chromosome substitution strain

2009 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
He S. Yang ◽  
Martha H. Vitaterna ◽  
Aaron D. Laposky ◽  
Kazuhiro Shimomura ◽  
Fred W. Turek
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Physical Activity Level ◽  
Wheel Running ◽  
Daily Physical Activity ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Constant Darkness ◽  
Circadian Period ◽  
Chromosome 13 ◽  
Running Activity ◽  
Wheel Running Activity

There is considerable evidence for a genetic basis underlying individual differences in spontaneous physical activity in humans and animals. Previous publications indicate that the physical activity level and pattern vary among inbred strains of mice and identified a genomic region on chromosome 13 as quantitative trait loci (QTL) for physical activity. To confirm and further characterize the role of chromosome 13 in regulating daily physical activity level and pattern, we conducted a comprehensive phenotypic study in the chromosome 13 substitution strain (CSS-13) in which the individual chromosome 13 from the A/J strain was substituted into an otherwise complete C57BL/6J (B6) genome. The B6 and A/J parental strains exhibited pronounced differences in daily physical activity, sleep-wake structure, circadian period and body weight. Here we report that a single A/J chromosome 13 in the context of a B6 genetic background conferred a profound reduction in both total cage activity and wheel-running activity under a 14:10-h light-dark cycle, as well as in constant darkness, compared with B6 controls. Additionally, CSS-13 mice differed from B6 controls in the diurnal distribution of activity and the day-to-day variability in activity onset. We further performed a linkage analysis and mapped a significant QTL on chromosome 13 regulating the daily wheel running activity level in mice. Taken together, our findings indicate a QTL on chromosome 13 with dramatic and specific effects on daily voluntary physical activity, but not on circadian period, sleep, or other aspects of activity that are different between B6 and A/J strains.

Daily Physical Activity Level in Male Inbred Mouse Strains

2004 ◽  
Vol 36 (Supplement) ◽  
pp. S260
Author(s):  
Meredith G. Daves ◽  
Michael J. Turner ◽  
Steven R. Kleeberger ◽  
J Timothy Lightfoot
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Physical Activity Level ◽  
Inbred Mouse ◽  
Daily Physical Activity ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Mouse Strains ◽  
Inbred Mouse Strains

scholarly journals Clinical Measures of Physical Fitness Predict Insulin Resistance in People at Risk for Diabetes

2008 ◽  
Vol 88 (11) ◽  
pp. 1355-1364 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chiao-Nan Chen ◽  
Lee-Ming Chuang ◽  
Ying-Tai Wu
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
At Risk ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Clinical Measures

Background and Purpose Physical inactivity has been well documented as a risk factor for type 2 diabetes. Previous studies measured the level of physical activity either with questionnaires or with direct measurements of maximum oxygen uptake. However, questionnaires are patient-report measures, and methods for obtaining direct maximum oxygen uptake measurements often are not available clinically. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether clinical measurement of health-related physical fitness with a simple test battery can predict insulin resistance, a precursor of type 2 diabetes, in people at risk for diabetes. Subjects and Methods A total of 151 volunteers with at least one diabetes risk factor (overweight, hypertension, dyslipidemia, family history, impaired glucose tolerance, gestational diabetes, or delivering a baby weighing more than 4.0 kg) were recruited. Insulin resistance (as determined with the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance [HOMA-IR]), physical fitness (including body composition, as determined with the body mass index and waist circumference), muscle strength (handgrip strength [force-generating capacity]), muscle endurance (sit-up test), flexibility (sit-and-reach test), and cardiorespiratory endurance (step test) were measured, and a physical activity questionnaire was administered. Backward regression analysis was used to build the prediction models for insulin resistance from components of physical fitness and physical activity. Results Body mass index, muscle strength, and cardiorespiratory fitness predicted HOMA-IR in men (adjusted R2=.264). In women, age, waist circumference, and cardiorespiratory fitness were the predictors of HOMA-IR (adjusted R2=.438). Discussion and Conclusion Clinical measures of physical fitness can predict insulin resistance in people at risk for diabetes. The findings support the validity of clinical measures of physical fitness for predicting insulin resistance in people at risk for diabetes.

scholarly journals Positive reinforcement by general practitioners is associated with greater physical activity in adults with type 2 diabetes

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. e000701
Author(s):  
Ralph Geerling ◽  
Jessica L Browne ◽  
Elizabeth Holmes-Truscott ◽  
John Furler ◽  
Jane Speight ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
General Practitioners ◽  
Physical Activity Level ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Patient Interactions ◽  
Recommended Physical Activity

ObjectiveIn a sample of adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), the aim of this study was to examine whether self-reported physical activity level is associated with recall of specific physical activity-related interactions used by general practitioners (GP).Research design and methodsAdults with T2DM completed an online survey reporting physical activity behaviors and recall of 14 GP–patient interactions about physical activity, mapped onto discrete behavior change techniques (BCT). Stepped logistical regression examined associations between recommended physical activity (≥600 MET-min/week) and GP–patient interactions, controlling for body mass index, diabetes-related comorbidities, depressive symptoms and self-efficacy.ResultsIn total, 381 respondents (55% men, mean±SD age: 62±10 years and T2DM duration 8±8 years) provided complete data. Most (73%) reported receiving ‘general advice’, while interactions related to goal setting, monitoring, and relapse prevention were least commonly reported (all <20%). Self-reported achievement of the recommended physical activity level was significantly associated with recall of GP interactions involving praise for ‘efforts to be active’ (OR 2.1; 95% CI 1.24 to 3.53), ‘lost weight’ (OR 1.81; 95% CI 1.05 to 3.12) or lowering ‘glucose levels as a result of being active’ (OR 1.75; 95% CI 1.03 to 2.96).ConclusionsFindings suggest GPs can be somewhat effective in promoting physical activity with simple, positive, reinforcing messages/interactions. Future research to develop and evaluate very brief primary care BCT-based physical activity interventions is needed.

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