scholarly journals Research on the Preparation and Mechanism of the Organic Montmorillonite and Its Application in Drilling Fluid

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaolong Wang ◽  
Baolin Liu ◽  
Peizhi Yu
Keyword(s):  
Organic Cation ◽  
Interlayer Space ◽  
Drilling Fluid ◽  
Basal Spacing ◽  
Water Molecules ◽  
Structure Property ◽  
Fluid System ◽  
Organic Clay ◽  
Chloride Monohydrate ◽  
Large Rate Constant

The study focused on the relation of structure, property, and application of composite prepared by organic cation intercalated montmorillonite (Mt). Herein a new kind of green and steady ionic liquid, 1-hexadecyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride monohydrate (C12mimCl), was chosen as the intercalated agent. This study used molecular dynamics (MD) modeling to examine the interlayer microstructures of montmorillonite intercalated with C12mimCl. The C12mimCl intercalation was relatively fast with a large rate constant. The process was affected by the initial concentration of the solution; the basal spacing increased to 2.08 nm after intercalation. The coordination of electrostatic interaction and hydrogen bonding expelled water molecules out of the clay gallery and bound the layer together, which led to the dehydration of clay. The intercalation of C12minCl into Mt interlayer space affected rheology of the system and improved various properties. This organic clay composite was environmentally friendly and could be used in drilling fluid system. These models provided insights into the prediction of synthesized organic cationic-clay microstructure and guidelines for relevant engineering applications.

Structure of Water Saturated CTMA-Montmorillonite Hybrid: Molecular Dynamics Simulation Investigation

2011 ◽  
Vol 233-235 ◽  
pp. 1872-1877 ◽  
Author(s):  
Run Liang Zhu ◽  
Thomas V. Shapley ◽  
Marco Molinari ◽  
Ge Fei ◽  
Stephen C. Parker
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Dynamics ◽  
Interlayer Space ◽  
Md Simulations ◽  
Dynamics Simulation ◽  
Basal Spacing ◽  
Water Molecules ◽  
Surface Oxygen ◽  
Hydrogen Atoms ◽  
Structure Of Water ◽  
Water Saturated

Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations have been used to investigate the interlayer structure of water saturated organoclays. The basal spacing values of cetyltrimethylammonium (CTMA) intercalated montmorillonite (CTMA-Mont) in dry and water saturated states were detected using XRD. Then the results were compared with simulation results of dry CTMA-Mont. The MD simulations show that the CTMA cations form layer structures on siloxane surface and aggregate in the interlayer space. Water molecules can access part of the siloxane surface and form H-bonds with surface oxygen atoms by donating one or two of the hydrogen atoms. Thus, the water molecules close to the surface have a preferred orientation with the dipole pointing towards the surface, while in the interlayer space, the water molecules aggregate to form large clusters. The H-bonds between surface oxygen and water molecules are shown to be slightly weaker than those between water molecules. Although water molecules within interlayer space can form strong H-bonds as in bulk water the number of H-bond for each water molecule is reduced. Our results indicate that MD simulations represent a useful tool for exploring the microstructure of water saturated organoclays.

Restricted Rotational Motion of InterlayerWaterMolecules in Vanadium Pentoxide Hydrate, V2O5·n D2O, as Studied by Deuterium NMR

2002 ◽  
Vol 57 (6-7) ◽  
pp. 419-424 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sadamu Takeda ◽  
Yuko Gotoh ◽  
Goro Maruta ◽  
Shuichi Takahara ◽  
Shigeharu Kittaka
Keyword(s):  
Double Layer ◽  
Vanadium Pentoxide ◽  
Rotational Motion ◽  
Interlayer Space ◽  
Layer Structure ◽  
Bond Distance ◽  
Adsorbed Water ◽  
Deuterium Nmr ◽  
Water Molecules ◽  
Layer Structures

The rotational behavior of the interlayer water molecules of deuterated vanadium pentoxide hydrate, V2O5.nD2O, was studied by solid-state deuterium NMR for the mono- and double-layer structures of the adsorbed water molecules. The rotational motion was anisotropic even at 355 K for both the mono- and double-layer structures. The 180° flipping motion about the C2-symmetry axis of the water molecule and the rotation around the figure axis, which makes an angle Ɵ with the C2-axis, occurred with the activation energy of (34±4) and (49±6) kJmol-1, respectively. The activation energies were almost independent of the mono- and double-layer structures of the water molecules, but the angle Ɵ made by the two axes varied from 33° for the monolayer to 25° for the double-layer at 230 K. The angle started to decrease above 250 K (e. g. the angle was 17 at 355 K for the double-layer structure). The results indicate that the average orientation of the water molecules in the two dimensional interlayer space depends on the layer structure and on the temperature. From the deuterium NMR spectrum at 130 K, the quadrupole coupling constant e2Qq/h = 240 kHz and the asymmetry parameter η= 0.12 were deduced. These values indicate the average hydrogen bond distance R(O H) = 2.0 Å for the D2O molecules in the 2D-interlayer space

The Application of PEM Drilling Fluid System in Environmentally Sensitivity Area

2001 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xu Shaocheng ◽  
Xiaojian Jin ◽  
Li Zili ◽  
Xinjing Xiang
Keyword(s):  
Drilling Fluid ◽  
Fluid System

Application of Benzotriazole Corrosion Inhibitor in Synthetic-Based Drilling Fluid and its Overall Impact in Improving Drilling Fluid Functionality

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhao Xionghu ◽  
Saviour Bassey Egwu ◽  
Deng Jingen ◽  
Miao Liujie
Keyword(s):  
Corrosion Rate ◽  
Corrosion Inhibitor ◽  
Coefficient Of Friction ◽  
Hot Rolling ◽  
Drilling Fluid ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Fluid Loss ◽  
Fluid Composition ◽  
Fluid System ◽  
Before And After

Abstract The effect of corrosion inhibitor Benzotriazole on synthetic-based mud system was studied. Rheological performance of the benzotriazole enhanced synthetic-based fluid system was studied and compared against the base mud. To study its effect on dynamic wellbore conditions, different drilling fluid compositions were placed in a hot rolling oven for 16 hours at temperatures 150 °C and 170°C and the effect of temperature on mud properties were studied. Tests carried out include rheological test (before and after hot rolling), filtrate pH, lubricity test, and fluid loss test. The corrosion penetration rate was studied using the weight loss method. Based on experiment results, the synthetic-based mud system which comprised of benzotriazole displayed a reduction in coefficient of friction up to 95.93%. At ambient condition, optimal ratio of mineral oil:benzotriazole (M:B) which gives best lubricity performance on synthetic-based mud system is 80:20. This leads to improved corrosion inhibition and lubricity of the synthetic-based fluid by reducing the coefficient of friction up to 90.13%. Increased temperature led to further decrease in coefficient of friction with a % torque reduction of 95.93 displayed by the 80:20 ratio M:B mud composition at 170 °C. Significant alterations of the mud composition rheological and fluid loss parameters before and after exposure to high temperature in hot rolling oven were not observed. pH values were maintained ≥7 at the dynamic conditions highlighting solubility of the formulated fluid composition and absence of contaminants which can pose significant threats to the rates of corrosion in drill pipes. Increasing the concentration of Benzotriazole led to a reduction in corrosion rate. However, as the temperature effect increased, the corrosion rate elevated. Based on results from this investigation, it was concluded that Benzotriazole can be applied as a corrosion inhibitor in a synthetic-based drilling fluid system as an alternative corrosion inhibitor without significant alteration of the base mud properties. Benefits of this will be the optimization of extended reach well drilling operations due to excellent lubricity performance, corrosion rate reduction, compatibility with HPHT wellbore condition and fluid loss control.

scholarly journals 2-Thioureido-1H-benzimidazol-3-ium chloride monohydrate

2014 ◽  
Vol 70 (5) ◽  
pp. o553-o553
Author(s):  
C. N. Sundaresan ◽  
Dheeraj Kumar Singh ◽  
Jagadeesh Babu Nanubolu
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Bonds ◽  
Title Compound ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Ring System ◽  
Water Molecules ◽  
Compound C ◽  
Dimensional Network ◽  
Centroid Distance ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Chloride Monohydrate

In the title compound, C8H9N4S+·Cl−·H2O, the cation is approximately planar, with a dihedral angle of 7.71 (8)° between the mean planes of the benzoimidazole ring system and the thiourea unit. In the crystal, cations, anions and water molecules of crystallization are linked by O—H...Cl, N—H...O, N—H...Cl and N—H...S hydrogen bonds into a three-dimensional network. π–π stacking is observed between the benzene and imidazole rings of neighbouring molecules, the centroid–centroid distance being 3.5774 (11) Å.

New Chemical Package Produces an Improved Shale Inhibitive Water-Based Drilling Fluid System

1987 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.A. Wingrave ◽  
E. Kubena ◽  
C.F. Douty ◽  
D.L. Whitfill ◽  
D.P. Cords
Keyword(s):  
Drilling Fluid ◽  
Fluid System ◽  
Water Based

Organosilicon Drilling Fluid System for HT Deep Gas Wells

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuxue Sun ◽  
Yanfen Zhang ◽  
Jingyuan Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Drilling Fluid ◽  
Gas Wells ◽  
Fluid System

[N,N′-Bis(diphenylphosphino)pyridine-2,6-diamine-κ3 P,N 1,P′]chloropalladium(II) chloride monohydrate 1,2-dichloroethane solvate

2006 ◽  
Vol 62 (5) ◽  
pp. m1106-m1108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julia Wiedermann ◽  
David Benito-Garagorri ◽  
Karl Kirchner ◽  
Kurt Mereiter
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Bonds ◽  
Title Compound ◽  
Weak Interactions ◽  
Water Molecules ◽  
Square Planar ◽  
Chloride Monohydrate

The title compound, [PdCl(C29H25N3P2)]Cl·H2O·C2H4Cl2, contains a cationic pincer-type PNP complex with Pd in a square-planar coordination. The complexes form dimers which are π–π stacked via their pyridine rings and linked into chains via hydrogen bonds via four-membered rings of two chloride anions and two water molecules. Pairs of 1,2-dichloroethane molecules are entrapped in pockets of the structure and show weak interactions with palladium.

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