scholarly journals Rapid Identification and Verification of Indirubin-Containing Medicinal Plants

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhigang Hu ◽  
Yuan Tu ◽  
Ye Xia ◽  
Peipei Cheng ◽  
Wei Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Dna Barcode ◽  
Rapid Identification ◽  
Genetic Distances ◽  
Its2 Region ◽  
Myelocytic Leukemia ◽  
Natural Treatment ◽  
Polygonum Tinctorium ◽  
Close Relatives

Indirubin, one of the key components of medicinal plants includingIsatis tinctoria, Polygonum tinctorium, andStrobilanthes cusia, possesses great medicinal efficacy in the treatment of chronic myelocytic leukemia (CML). Due to misidentification and similar name, materials containing indirubin and their close relatives frequently fall prey to adulteration. In this study, we selected an internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS2) for distinguishing these indirubin-containing species from five of their usual adulterants, after assessing identification efficiency ofmatK, rbcL, psbA-trnH, and ITS2 among these species. The results of genetic distances and neighbor-joining (NJ) phylogenetic tree indicated that ITS2 region is a powerful DNA barcode to accurately identify these indirubin-containing species and discriminate them from their adulterants. Additionally, high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was used to verify indirubin in different organs of the above species. The results showed that indirubin had been detected in the leaves ofIs. tinctoria, P. tinctorium, S. cusia, and Indigo Naturalis (made from their mixture), but not in their roots, or in the leaves of their adulterants. Therefore, this study provides a novel and rapid method to identify and verify indirubin-containing medicinal plants for effective natural treatment of CML.

scholarly journals Molecular identification and evolutionary relationships between the subspecies of Musa by DNA barcodes

BMC Genomics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Dhivya ◽  
S. Ashutosh ◽  
I. Gowtham ◽  
V. Baskar ◽  
A. Baala Harini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Barcode ◽  
Evolutionary Relationship ◽  
Genetic Distances ◽  
Its2 Region ◽  
Potential Candidate ◽  
Dna Barcodes ◽  
Somaclonal Variations ◽  
Distance Methods ◽  
Significant Divergence ◽  
Comprehensive Study

Abstract Background The banana (Musa sp., AAA) genome is constantly increasing due to high-frequency of somaclonal variations. Due to its large diversity, a conventional numerical and morphological based taxonomic identification of banana cultivars is laborious, difficult and often leads to subject of disagreements. Results Hence, in the present study, we used universal DNA barcode ITS2 region to identify and to find the genetic relationship between the cultivars and varieties of banana. Herein, a total of 16 banana cultivars were PCR amplified using ITS2 primer pair. In addition, 321 sequences which were retrieved from GenBank, USA, were used in this study. The sequences were then aligned using Clustal W and genetic distances were computed using MEGA V5.1. The study showed significant divergence between the intra- and inter-specific genetic distances in ITS2 region. BLAST1 and Distance methods proved that ITS2 DNA barcode region successfully identified and distinguished the cultivar and varieties of banana. Conclusion Thus, from the results of the present study, it is clear that ITS2 is not only an efficient DNA barcode to identify the banana species but also a potential candidate for enumerating the phylogenetic relationships between the subspecies and cultivars. This is the first comprehensive study to categorically distinguish the economically important banana subspecies and varieties using DNA barcodes and to understand its evolutionary relationship.

Identification of species in the Cladia aggregata group using DNA barcoding (Ascomycota: Lecanorales)

Phytotaxa ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 115 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
SITTIPORN PARNMEN ◽  
STEVEN D. LEAVITT ◽  
ACHARIYA RANGSIRUJI ◽  
H. THORSTEN LUMBSCH
Keyword(s):  
Species Delimitation ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Dna Barcode ◽  
Its Region ◽  
Interspecific Variation ◽  
Rapid Identification ◽  
Genetic Distances ◽  
Chemical Diversity ◽  
Putative Species ◽  
Lower Ratio

The DNA barcode approach is using a short genetic marker for rapid identification of a particular species. The internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region has been chosen as barcode marker for fungi. Here we tested the potential of ITS to identify distinct lineages in the Cladia aggregata complex, a group of lichenized fungi exhibiting remarkable morphological and chemical diversity. Our recent studies using multilocus DNA sequence data and coalescent-based species delimitation methods supported a 12 species delimitation scenario. In this study, we evaluated the ratio of the intra- and interspecific genetic distances of ITS in these 12 putative species. All 12 putative species showed a lower ratio of intraspecific variation than interspecific variation, supporting the hypothesis that these represent distinct lineages. Consequently, these lineages are here accepted at species level and three new species, viz. Cladia blanchonii Parnmen & Lumbsch, C. cryptica Parnmen & Lumbsch and C. tasmanica Parnmen & Lumbsch are described and the new combinations Cladia gorgonea (Eschw.) Parnmen & Lumbsch, C. neocaledonica (Räs.) Parnmen & Lumbsch, and C. terebrata (Laurer) Parnmen & Lumbsch proposed.

scholarly journals Molecular identification and evolutionary relationships between the subspecies of Musa by DNA barcodes

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dhivya Selvaraj ◽  
Ashutosh I ◽  
Gowtham I ◽  
Baskar V ◽  
Baala harini A ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Barcode ◽  
Evolutionary Relationship ◽  
Genetic Distances ◽  
Its2 Region ◽  
Potential Candidate ◽  
Dna Barcodes ◽  
Musa Sp ◽  
Somaclonal Variations ◽  
Distance Methods ◽  
Significant Divergence

Abstract Background: The banana ( Musa sp., AAA ) genome is constantly increasing due to high frequency somaclonal variations. Due to its large diversity, a conventional numerical and morphological based taxonomic identification of banana cultivars is laborious, difficult, and often is a subject of disagreements. Results: In study, we used ITS2 region to identify and determine the genetic relationship between the cultivars and varieties of banana. Herein, a total of 16 banana cultivars were PCR amplified using ITS2 region. In addition, 321 sequences were retrieved from GenBank, USA, and used for the study. The sequences were aligned using Clustal W and genetic distances computed using MEGA V5.1. The significant divergence between the intra- and -specific genetic distances of ITS2 region was observed and the presence of a DNA barcoding gap was obvious. Based on BLAST1 and Distance methods, the results proved that ITS2 region can be successfully identified and distinguished for the cultivar and varieties of banana. Secondly, in this study, ITS2 revealed the relations between the cultivar and varieties of banana. Conclusion: Thus, from this study, it is clear that ITS2 is not only an efficient DNA barcode to identify the banana species but also a potential candidate to study phylogenetic relationships between subspecies and cultivars. This is the first comprehensive study to categorically distinguish the economically important banana sub-species and varieties using DNA barcodes and to understand its evolutionary relationship

High Performance Thin Layer Chromatography (HPTLC) for the Investigation of Medicinal Plants

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alper Gökbulut
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Separation Efficiency ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Herbal Remedies ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Powerful Analytical Tool ◽  
Quantitative Examination ◽  
Data Acquisition And Processing ◽  
Layer Chromatography

Background: Chromatographic techniques such as TLC basically and, HPLC, GC, HPTLC equipped with various detectors are most frequently used for the qualitative and quantitative examination of herbals. Method: An overview of the recent literature concerning the usage of HPTLC for the analysis of medicinal plants has been reviewed. Results: During the last decade/s, HPTLC, a modern, sophisticated and automatized TLC technique with better and advanced separation efficiency, detection limit, data acquisition and processing, has been used for the analysis of herbal materials and preparations since the rapid development of technology in chromatography world. HPTLC with various detectors is a powerful analytical tool especially for the phytochemical applications such as herbal drug quantification and fingerprint analysis. Conclusion: In this review, a latest perspective has been established and some of the previous studies were summarized for the usage of HPTLC in the analysis of herbal remedies, dietary supplements and nutraceuticals.

scholarly journals Biosystematic Study on Some Egyptian Species of Astragalus L. (Fabaceae)

Agriculture ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 125
Author(s):  
Monier M. Abd El-Ghani ◽  
Ashraf S. A. El-Sayed ◽  
Ahmed Moubarak ◽  
Rabab Rashad ◽  
Hala Nosier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Relationships ◽  
Dna Barcode ◽  
Plant Morphology ◽  
Its Region ◽  
Its2 Region ◽  
Whole Plant ◽  
Three Samples ◽  
Two Samples ◽  
Region 10 ◽  
Unique Banding Pattern

Astragalus L. is one of the largest angiosperm complex genera that belongs to the family Fabaceae, subfamily Papilionoideae or Faboideae under the subtribe Astragalinae of the tribe Galegeae. The current study includes the whole plant morphology, DNA barcode (ITS2), and molecular marker (SCoT). Ten taxa representing four species of Astragalus were collected from different localities in Egypt during the period from February 2018 to May 2019. Morphologically, identification and classification of collected Astragalus plants occurred by utilizing the light microscope, regarding the taxonomic revisions of the reference collected Astragalus specimens in other Egyptian Herbaria. For molecular validation, ten SCoT primers were used in this study, producing a unique banding pattern to differentiate between ten samples of Astragalus taxa which generated 212 DNA fragments with an average of 12.2 bands per 10 Astragalus samples, with 8 to 37 fragments per primer. The 212 fragments amplified were distributed as 2 monomorphic bands, 27 polymorphic without unique bands, 183 unique bands (210 Polymorphic with unique bands), and ITS2 gene sequence was showed as the optimal barcode for identifying Astragalus L. using BLAST searched on NCBI database, and afterward, analyzing the chromatogram for ITS region, 10 samples have been identified as two samples representing A. hauarensis, four samples representing A. sieberi, three samples representing A. spinosus and one sample representing A. vogelii. Based on the ITS barcode, A. hauarensis RMG1, A. hauarensis RMG2, A. sieberi RMG1, A. sieberi RMG2, A. sieberi RMG3, A. sieberi RMG4, A. spinosus RMG1, A. spinosus RMG2, A. spinosus RMG3, A. vogelii RMG were deposited into GenBank with accession # MT367587.1, MT367591.1, MT367593.1, MT367585.1, MT367586.1, MT367588.1, MT160347.1, MT367590.1, MT367589.1, MT367592.1, respectively. These results indicated the efficiency of SCoT markers and ITS2 region in identifying and determining genetic relationships between Astragalus species.

scholarly journals Metabolomics for Biomarker Discovery: Key Signatory Metabolic Profiles for the Identification and Discrimination of Oat Cultivars

Metabolites ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 165
Author(s):  
Chanel J. Pretorius ◽  
Fidele Tugizimana ◽  
Paul A. Steenkamp ◽  
Lizelle A. Piater ◽  
Ian A. Dubery
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Biomarker Discovery ◽  
Cultivar Identification ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Rapid Identification ◽  
Maturity Stage ◽  
Metabolic Profiles ◽  
High Definition ◽  
Metabolic Markers ◽  
Leaves And Roots

The first step in crop introduction—or breeding programmes—requires cultivar identification and characterisation. Rapid identification methods would therefore greatly improve registration, breeding, seed, trade and inspection processes. Metabolomics has proven to be indispensable in interrogating cellular biochemistry and phenotyping. Furthermore, metabolic fingerprints are chemical maps that can provide detailed insights into the molecular composition of a biological system under consideration. Here, metabolomics was applied to unravel differential metabolic profiles of various oat (Avena sativa) cultivars (Magnifico, Dunnart, Pallinup, Overberg and SWK001) and to identify signatory biomarkers for cultivar identification. The respective cultivars were grown under controlled conditions up to the 3-week maturity stage, and leaves and roots were harvested for each cultivar. Metabolites were extracted using 80% methanol, and extracts were analysed on an ultra-high performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC) system coupled to a quadrupole time-of-flight (qTOF) high-definition mass spectrometer analytical platform. The generated data were processed and analysed using multivariate statistical methods. Principal component analysis (PCA) models were computed for both leaf and root data, with PCA score plots indicating cultivar-related clustering of the samples and pointing to underlying differential metabolic profiles of these cultivars. Further multivariate analyses were performed to profile differential signatory markers, which included carboxylic acids, amino acids, fatty acids, phenolic compounds (hydroxycinnamic and hydroxybenzoic acids, and associated derivatives) and flavonoids, among the respective cultivars. Based on the key signatory metabolic markers, the cultivars were successfully distinguished from one another in profiles derived from both leaves and roots. The study demonstrates that metabolomics can be used as a rapid phenotyping tool for cultivar differentiation.

scholarly journals Molecular Detection of Filamentous Fungi in Formalin-Fixed Paraffin-Embedded Specimens in Invasive Fungal Wound Infections Is Feasible with High Specificity

2019 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anuradha Ganesan ◽  
Justin Wells ◽  
Faraz Shaikh ◽  
Philip Peterson ◽  
William Bradley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Filamentous Fungi ◽  
Rapid Identification ◽  
Lower Sensitivity ◽  
Its2 Region ◽  
Fungal Culture ◽  
Wound Infections ◽  
Formalin Fixed Paraffin ◽  
Formalin Fixed Paraffin Embedded ◽  
Panfungal Pcr ◽  
Formalin Fixed

ABSTRACT Trauma-related invasive fungal wound infections (IFIs) are associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Early identification and treatment are critical. Traditional identification methods (e.g., fungal cultures and histopathology) can be delayed and insensitive. We assessed a PCR-based sequencing assay for rapid identification of filamentous fungi in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) specimens obtained from combat casualties injured in Afghanistan. Blinded FFPE specimens from cases (specimens positive on histopathology) and controls (specimens negative on histopathology) were submitted for evaluation with a panfungal PCR. The internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS2) region of the fungal ribosomal repeat was amplified and sequenced. The PCR results were compared with findings from histopathology and/or culture. If injury sites contributed multiple specimens, findings for the site were collapsed to the site level. We included 64 case subjects (contributing 95 sites) and 102 controls (contributing 118 sites). Compared to histopathology, panfungal PCR was specific (99%), but not as sensitive (63%); however, sensitivity improved to 83% in specimens from sites with angioinvasion. Panfungal PCR identified fungi of the order Mucorales in 33 of 44 sites with angioinvasion (75%), whereas fungal culture was positive in 20 of 44 sites (45%). Saksenaea spp. were the dominant fungi identified by PCR in specimens from angioinvasion sites (57%). Panfungal PCR is specific, albeit with lower sensitivity, and performs better at identifying fungi of the order Mucorales than culture. DNA sequencing offers significant promise for the rapid identification of fungal infection in trauma-related injuries, leading to more timely and accurate diagnoses.

scholarly journals Identification of medicinal plant Schisandra chinensis using a potential DNA barcode ITS2

2013 ◽  
Vol 82 (4) ◽  
pp. 283-288 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xian-kuan Li ◽  
Bing Wang ◽  
Rong-chun Han ◽  
Yan-chao Zheng ◽  
Hai-bo Yin Yin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Barcode ◽  
Population Level ◽  
Species Level ◽  
Its2 Region ◽  
Schisandra Chinensis ◽  
Success Rates ◽  
Wild Populations ◽  
Efficient Tool ◽  
Different Populations ◽  
Cultivated Populations

To test whether the internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS2) region is an effective marker for using in authenticating of the <em>Schisandra chinensis</em> at the species and population levels, separately. And the results showed that the wild populations had higher percentage of individuals that had substitution of C→A at site 86-bp than the cultivated populations. At sites 10-bp, 37-bp, 42-bp and 235-bp, these bases of the <em>Schisandra sphenanthera</em> samples differed from that of <em>S. chinensis</em>. Two species showed higher levels of inter-specific divergence than intra-specific divergence within ITS2 sequences. However, 24 populations did not demonstrate much difference as inter-specific and intra-specific divergences were concerned. Both <em>S. chinensis</em> and <em>S. sphenanthera</em> showed monophyly at species level, yet the samples of different populations shown polyphyly at population level. ITS2 performed well when using BLAST1 method. ITS2 obtained 100% identification success rates at the species level for <em>S. chinensis</em>, with no ambiguous identification at the genus level for ITS2 alone. The ITS2 region could be used to identify <em>S. chinensis</em> and <em>S. sphenanthera</em> in the “Chinese Pharmacopoeia”. And it could also correctly distinguish 100% of species and 100% of genera from the 193 sequences of <em>S. chinensis</em>. Hence, the ITS2 is a powerful and efficient tool for species identification of <em>S. chinensis</em>.

scholarly journals Application of the ITS2 Region for Barcoding Medicinal Plants of Selaginellaceae in Pteridophyta

PLoS ONE ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. e67818 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Gu ◽  
Jingyuan Song ◽  
Yuan Cao ◽  
Qingwen Sun ◽  
Hui Yao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Its2 Region

Development of reverse phase-high performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) method for determination of selected antihypertensive active flavonoids (rutin, myricetin, quercetin, and kaempferol) in medicinal plants found in Botswana

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Katso Binang ◽  
David T. Takuwa
Keyword(s):  
High Performance Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Zingiber Officinale ◽  
Hplc Method ◽  
Reverse Phase ◽  
Rp Hplc ◽  
Lippia Javanica

Abstract The aim of the study was to develop a rapid, efficient, and cheap chromatographic method for determining four selected antihypertensive active flavonoid compounds in medicinal plants in Botswana. The determination of rutin, quercetin, and kaempferol in selected medicinal plants was conducted in less than 6 min using the developed reverse phase-high performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) method with a 2.7 µm Ascentis C18 express column (150 × 4.60 mm i.d) at 340, 360, and 368 nm detection wavelengths and mobile phase of methanol and 0.068% of formic acid solution in isocratic elution. Validation results showed good selectivity, linearity (r 2 > 0.99), high percentage recoveries (90.2–104.7%), and precision (% RSD < 2) for n = 3, confirming suitability of the method for determination of the investigated flavonoids in Zingiber officinale (ginger). Application of the developed RP-HPLC method was performed in selected medicinal plants (Lippia javanica ) (mosukujane), Myrothanmus flabellious (galalatshwene), and Elephantorrhiza elephantina (mositsana) used to manage hypertension by herbalists in Botswana. M. flabellious a very commonly used plant for managing hypertension was found to contain highest amounts of rutin and myricetin, whereas nothing was detected for E. elephantina.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document