scholarly journals Atomic Force Microscopy for Understanding Solvent Cointercalation into Graphite Electrode in Lithium Secondary Batteries

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yang-Soo Kim ◽  
Soon-Ki Jeong
Keyword(s):  
Atomic Force Microscopy ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Film Formation ◽  
Surface Film ◽  
Pyrolytic Graphite ◽  
Electrode Reaction ◽  
Lithium Secondary Batteries ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Atomic Force

The electrochemical processes occurring at the surface of a highly ordered pyrolytic graphite (HOPG) electrode were investigated byin situatomic force microscopy (AFM) to understand the solvent cointercalation involved in the formation of a surface film. AFM images were recorded under the conditions that AFM probe does not affect the electrode reaction. The AFM images show the morphological changes occurring at the electrode surface, indicating that two different types of reactions occurred in the film formation at the surface of the electrode. The formation of a blister structure was observed on the graphite surface, because of the decomposition of solvated lithium ions produced in the electrolyte solution and intercalation between the graphite layer and particulate materials. The solvent cointercalation reaction leading to the blister structure was more pronounced for the HOPG electrode with a higher value of mosaic spread.

The adsorption of progesterone onto mineral surfaces imaged with high-resolution atomic force microscopy

2008 ◽  
Vol 72 (1) ◽  
pp. 419-424
Author(s):  
B. Goritschnig ◽  
K. R. Hallam ◽  
T. McMaster ◽  
V. Ragnarsdottir
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Atomic Force Microscopy ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Uv Light ◽  
Pyrolytic Graphite ◽  
Ultra Violet ◽  
Mineral Surfaces ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Atomic Force

AbstractAtomic force microscopy (AFM) has been used to monitor the appearance and behaviour of the hormone progesterone on mineral surfaces, including mica and highly oriented pyrolytic graphite (HOPG). Different solvents have been used resulting in various features on the two substrates. After the application of 254 nm ultra-violet (UV) light, changes in structure of the adsorbed hormone have been observed. To understand the reactions at the progesterone-mica interface in aqueous solution, adsorption has been studied in situ with AFM.

In Situ Monitoring of Dispersion Film Formation Using Tapping-Mode Atomic Force Microscopy

2004 ◽  
Vol 838 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Li ◽  
Wenbin Liang ◽  
Steve Chum
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Atomic Force Microscopy ◽  
Film Formation ◽  
Formation Temperature ◽  
Tapping Mode ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Poly Ethylene ◽  
Mode Atomic Force Microscopy

ABSTRACTThe coalescence process of poly (ethylene-co-vinyl acetate) (EVA) and poly (ethylene-co-octene) (EO) dispersion particles was monitored in situ using tapping-mode atomic force microscopy (TMAFM) equipped with a miniature hot stage. This work describes the effect of particle size on the film formation temperature based on direct experimental observation, clarifying further the debate about particle size effect on minimum film formation temperature (MFFT). The results suggest that semicrystalline polyolefin particles have similar deformation temperature dependence. Smaller particles tend to deform faster than larger particles, which is attributed to their smaller mass. Furthermore, morphology changes and mechanical property development associated with the film formation process are also discussed. The TMAFM technique is shown to be very useful in gaining insight into the film formation mechanism, which will provide guidance in future practical applications with polyolefin dispersions.

scholarly journals Study of the charge transfer process in the polyaniline/graphite heterojunction by conductive atomic force microscopy

2020 ◽  
pp. 94-98
Author(s):  
N. A. Davletkildeev ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Atomic Force Microscopy ◽  
Oxidative Polymerization ◽  
Pyrolytic Graphite ◽  
Thin Layers ◽  
Conductive Atomic Force Microscopy ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Current Voltage ◽  
Current Voltage Characteristics

Thin layers of polyaniline on the surface of highly oriented pyrolytic graphite are obtained by in-situ chemical oxidative polymerization of aniline. The current-voltage characteristics of the tip/polyaniline/graphite contact, which have a form characteristic of tunnel contacts, have been measured by the method of conducting atomic force microscopy. By modeling the current-voltage characteristics using the Simmons model, the width of the potential barrier is determined, which for the investigated heterojunction is 0,5 nm

Effects of Dimethoxyethane as a Co-Solvent on Electrochemical Formation of a Surface Film on Graphite in an Ethylene Carbonate-Based Solution

2016 ◽  
Vol 705 ◽  
pp. 133-137
Author(s):  
Soon Ki Jeong
Keyword(s):  
Film Formation ◽  
Surface Film ◽  
Ethylene Carbonate ◽  
Pyrolytic Graphite ◽  
Reduction Peak ◽  
Potential Cycling ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Solvent Molecules ◽  
Pyrolytic Graphite Electrode

The electrochemical processes occurring at the surface of a highly ordered pyrolytic graphite electrode were investigated, to understand the effects of dimethoxyethane as a co-solvent on the formation of a surface film. In-situ electrochemical atomic force microscopy revealed that a thin film of ~5 nm thickness was formed on the graphite surface after the first potential cycling. There was no evidence of co-intercalation of the solvent molecules. The cyclic voltammetry analysis revealed that a irreversible reduction peak closely related to the film formation was present at ~1.7 V vs. Li+/Li.

In Operando Detection of the Physical Properties Change of the Interfacial Electrolyte during Li-Metal Electrode Reaction by Atomic Force Microscopy

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mitsunori Kitta
Keyword(s):  
Atomic Force Microscopy ◽  
Energy Dissipation ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Electrode Surface ◽  
Electrode Reaction ◽  
Metal Electrode ◽  
Ion Concentration ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Discharge Reaction

This manuscript propose the operando detection technique of the physical properties change of electrolyte during Li-metal battery operation.The physical properties of electrolyte solution such as viscosity (η) and mass densities (ρ) highly affect the feature of electrochemical Li-metal deposition on the Li-metal electrode surface. Therefore, the operando technique for detection these properties change near the electrode surface is highly needed to investigate the true reaction of Li-metal electrode. Here, this study proved that one of the atomic force microscopy based analysis, energy dissipation analysis of cantilever during force curve motion, was really promising for the direct investigation of that. The solution drag of electrolyte, which is controlled by the physical properties, is directly concern the energy dissipation of cantilever motion. In the experiment, increasing the energy dissipation was really observed during the Li-metal dissolution (discharge) reaction, understanding as the increment of η and ρ of electrolyte via increasing of Li-ion concentration. Further, the dissipation energy change was well synchronized to the charge-discharge reaction of Li-metal electrode.This study is the first report for direct observation of the physical properties change of electrolyte on Li-metal electrode reaction, and proposed technique should be widely interesting to the basic interfacial electrochemistry, fundamental researches of solid-liquid interface, as well as the battery researches.

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