scholarly journals Occupational Performance and Affective Symptoms for Patients with Depression Disorder

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Åsa Daremo ◽  
Anette Kjellberg ◽  
Lena Haglund
Keyword(s):  
Rating Scale ◽  
Longitudinal Design ◽  
Extended Period ◽  
Occupational Performance ◽  
Self Assessment ◽  
Assessment Interview ◽  
Affective Symptoms ◽  
Data Collections ◽  
Depression Disorder ◽  
Collection Methods

The aim of this study was to describe recovering over time in occupational performance and in affective symptoms for patients with depression disorder by using different assessments and methods for collecting data. A longitudinal design with data collections on repeated occasions was used. The Occupational Circumstances Assessment Interview and Rating Scale and Occupational Self-Assessment were used for measuring occupational performance, and for affective symptoms, a Comprehensive Psychopathological Rating Scale Self-Assessment was used. Fourteen patients with depression disorder were included in the study. The result indicates that affective symptoms improve earlier than occupational performance. Furthermore, self-assessment seems to reflect more improvement to the patient than interview-based assessment. Different kinds of assessment and different kinds of data collection methods seem to facilitate the understanding of the patients recovering. In addition habituation was the most important item for the patients to manage. One implication for practice is that patients may need an extended period of treatment supporting occupational performance.

Rater variation in pragmatic assessment: The impact of the linguistic background on peer-assessment and self-assessment

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-85
Author(s):  
Sunni L. Sonnenburg-Winkler ◽  
Zohreh R. Eslami ◽  
Ali Derakhshan
Keyword(s):  
English Language Learners ◽  
Speech Acts ◽  
English Language ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Peer Assessment ◽  
Self Assessment ◽  
Native Languages ◽  
Social Rules ◽  
Language Background ◽  
The Impact

AbstractThe present study investigates variability among raters from different linguistic backgrounds, who evaluated the pragmatic performance of English language learners with varying native languages (L1s) by using both self- and peer-assessments. To this end, written discourse completion task (WDCT) samples of requesting speech acts from 10 participants were collected. Thereafter, the participants were asked to assess their peers’ WDCTs before assessing their own samples using the same rating scale. The raters were further asked to provide an explanation for their rating decisions. Findings indicate that there may indeed be a link between a rater’s language background and their scoring patterns, although the results regarding peer- and self-assessment are mixed. There are both similarities and differences in the participants’ use of pragmatic norms and social rules in evaluating appropriateness.

Paired Comparisons or Sorting? Comparing Web-Based Methods for Collecting Similarity Data for Large Stimulus Sets for Destination Image Positioning

2016 ◽  
Vol 56 (4) ◽  
pp. 482-495
Author(s):  
Ilona Pezenka
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Destination Image ◽  
Alternative Methods ◽  
Paired Comparisons ◽  
Large Stimulus ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Perceptual Maps ◽  
Perceived Difficulty ◽  
Collection Methods

Destination image is among the most studied constructs in tourism research. Many researchers are still convinced that the rating scale method is the most accurate for assessing destination image. This study presents alternative methods of data collection, namely, free-sorting and reduced paired comparisons, and investigates their applicability in a Web-based environment. The study then subjects these data collection methods to empirical analysis and compares the judgment task’s effects on perceived difficulty, fatigue, and boredom, on data quality, and on perceptual maps derived with MDS. The findings demonstrate that these methods are more accurate whenever a large number of objects have to be judged, which is particularly the case for positioning and competitiveness studies.

Deinstitutionalisation for Long-Term Mental Illness: A 2-Year Clinical Evaluation

2000 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 476-483 ◽  
Author(s):  
Coletta Hobbs ◽  
Christopher Tennant ◽  
Alan Rosen ◽  
Lesley Newton ◽  
Helen M. Lapsley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Evaluation ◽  
Social Behaviour ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Longitudinal Design ◽  
Psychiatric Service ◽  
Clinical Effectiveness ◽  
Psychotic Symptoms ◽  
Service Support ◽  
Community Psychiatric Service

Objective: The closure of a long-stay psychiatric hospital in Sydney caused the transfer of an initial 40 very long-term patients to four community residences, each with 10 beds, for a continuing process of deinstitutionalisation. Community psychiatric service support and 24-h supervision were provided. This paper describes the residents' clinical progress which was assessed over a 2-year period. Method: This study employed a quasi-experimental longitudinal design. Evaluation commenced prior to discharge and continued for 2 years following community relocation using the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale, Life Skills Profile, Social Behaviour Scale, Montgomery Asberg Depression Rating Scale and Quality Of Life measures. Readmission, demographic, case history and medication data were also collected. Results: Of the 40 patients initially transferred to the community, seven required long-term readmission to hospital (either prior to or after amalgamation) and one patient died of medical causes. Additional patients transferred from the hospital to the community following the readmissions. Three of these additional patients had achieved a 2-year community tenure during the study period and were included in the clinical evaluation. The 35 residents in total who remained in the community for 2 years, demonstrated a significant improvement in psychotic symptoms, without significant change in the level of neuroleptic medication. Importantly, the 2 years of community living resulted in a significant increase in the residents' life satisfaction. There were no statistically significant changes in residents' living skills, depressive symptoms or social behaviour problems over the 2 years, indicative of the need for supervision and community service support following deinstitutionalisation. Over the 2-year period, some 37% of the residents required temporary readmission. Conclusion: This study demonstrates the clinical effectiveness of deinstitutionalisation, when planned within a mental health system with adequate community resources.

scholarly journals Shadowing as a Tool for Studying Political Elites

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 469-486 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer Bussell
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Extended Period ◽  
Observational Research ◽  
Daily Routine ◽  
Political Elites ◽  
Large Scale Data ◽  
Interview Guide ◽  
Larger Sample ◽  
Collection Methods

This article offers a description and discussion of “shadowing” as a data collection and analytic tool, highlighting potential research opportunities related to the direct observation of individuals—principally political elites—in their normal daily routine for an extended period of time, often between one day and one week. In contrast with large-scale data collection methods, including surveys, shadowing enables researchers to develop detailed observations of political behavior that are not limited by the availability of administrative data or the constraints of a questionnaire or an interview guide. Unlike more in-depth qualitative methods, such as ethnography, shadowing is scalable in a manner that allows for larger sample sizes and the potential for medium-N inference. I provide a detailed account of how to design and conduct a shadowing study, including sampling strategies, techniques for coding shadowing data, and processes for drawing inferences about the behavior of shadowed subjects, drawing on examples from a completed shadowing-based study. I also discuss ways to mitigate selection and observer biases, presenting results that suggest these can be no more pronounced when shadowing political elites than in other forms of observational research.

scholarly journals A Tablet-Computer-Based Tool to Facilitate Accurate Self-Assessments in Third- and Fourth-Graders

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 225
Author(s):  
Denise Villanyi ◽  
Romain Martin ◽  
Philipp Sonnleitner ◽  
Christina Siry ◽  
Antoine Fischbach
Keyword(s):  
Reading Comprehension ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Standardized Test ◽  
Fourth Graders ◽  
Tablet Computer ◽  
School Students ◽  
Self Assessment ◽  
Computer Based ◽  
Self Assessments

Although student self-assessment is positively related to achievement, skepticism about the accuracy of students’ self-assessments remains. A few studies have shown that even elementary school students are able to provide accurate self-assessments when certain conditions are met. We developed an innovative tablet-computer-based tool for capturing self-assessments of mathematics and reading comprehension. This tool integrates the conditions required for accurate self-assessment: (1) a non-competitive setting, (2) items formulated on the task level, and (3) limited reading and no verbalization required. The innovation consists of using illustrations and a language-reduced rating scale. The correlations between students’ self-assessment scores and their standardized test scores were moderate to large. Independent of their proficiency level, students’ confidence in completing a task decreased as task difficulty increased, but these findings were more consistent in mathematics than in reading comprehension. We conclude that third- and fourth-graders have the ability to provide accurate self-assessments of their competencies, particularly in mathematics, when provided with an adequate self-assessment tool.

scholarly journals Mothers with and without bipolar disorder and their infants: group differences in mother-infant interaction patterns at three months postpartum

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Teija M. S. Anke ◽  
Kari Slinning ◽  
Vibeke Moe ◽  
Cathrine Brunborg ◽  
Torill S. Siqveland ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Depressive Symptomatology ◽  
Group Differences ◽  
Maternal Behaviour ◽  
Interaction Patterns ◽  
Young Mania ◽  
Significant Group ◽  
Interaction Quality ◽  
Affective Symptoms

Abstract Background Women with bipolar disorder (BD) have a high risk of illness relapse postpartum. The risk coincides with the period when mother-infant interactions are evolving. We compared mother-infant interactions in dyads where the mothers have BD with dyads where the mothers have no mental disorder. The association between concurrent affective symptoms of BD mothers and interaction quality was investigated. Methods Twenty-six women with BD and 30 comparison women with infants were included. The Parent-Child Early Relational Assessment (PCERA) was used to assess maternal behaviour, infant behaviour and dyadic coordination in interactions at 3 months postpartum. The Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology and Young Mania Rating Scale were used to assess affective symptoms of BD mothers at the time of interaction. Results There were significant group differences with medium to large effect sizes (0.73–1.32) on five of six subscales within the three interactional domains. Most interactional concerns were identified in dyadic coordination. No significant associations were found between maternal symptom load and interaction quality within the BD sample. Forty-six percent of the BD mothers experienced a mood episode within 0–3 months postpartum. Conclusions The present study identified challenges for mothers with BD and their infants in “finding” each other in interaction at 3 months postpartum. If sustained, this interaction pattern may have a long-term impact on children’s development. We suggest interventions specifically focusing on sensitising and supporting mothers to read infants’ cues on a micro-level. This may help them to respond contingently and improve dyadic coordination and synchronicity.

scholarly journals The Montgomery and Åsberg Depression Rating Scale – self-assessment for use in adolescents: an evaluation of psychometric and diagnostic accuracy

2020 ◽  
Vol 74 (6) ◽  
pp. 415-422 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Ntini ◽  
S. Vadlin ◽  
S. Olofsdotter ◽  
M. Ramklint ◽  
K. W. Nilsson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Self Assessment

scholarly journals Assessing the Outcomes of an Animal-Assisted Intervention in a Paediatric Day Hospital: Perceptions of Children and Parents

Animals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 1788
Author(s):  
Adriana Ávila-Álvarez ◽  
Jerónimo Pardo-Vázquez ◽  
Iván De-Rosende-Celeiro ◽  
Rita Jácome-Feijoo ◽  
Gabriel Torres-Tobío
Keyword(s):  
Outpatient Care ◽  
Hospital Care ◽  
Emotional State ◽  
Longitudinal Design ◽  
Day Hospital ◽  
Positive Perception ◽  
Self Assessment ◽  
Children And Parents ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Animal Assisted Intervention

There is a growing interest in the use of animal-assisted intervention (AAI) as a non-pharmacological strategy to improve child welfare in hospitals. However, the efficacy of implementation of programmes based on activities with dogs in a paediatric day hospital is not known. An intra-subject quasi-experimental longitudinal design was used for the purpose of assessing the feasibility of such an intervention, as well as exploring the perceptions of its outcomes by children and parents/guardians. A total of 55 children in outpatient care at a paediatric day hospital participated in an AAI session. The application of this intervention was feasible. Self-assessment by the paediatric patients revealed a statistically significant improvement in their emotional state after the session, which was large in size. Parents confirmed this improvement in their child, perceiving significant changes in their mood, which were large in size. This study suggests that AAI is an effective approach when it comes to promoting the emotional welfare of children during their stay in hospital care environments. Participating in recreational occupations with dogs could contribute in a relevant and efficient way to the development of significant and gratifying experiences and to a more positive perception of healthcare centres on the part of children.

Effect of starch dietary regimen on treatment of premenstrual syndrome

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (S2) ◽  
pp. 1171-1171
Author(s):  
Z. Shahhosseini ◽  
K. Abedian ◽  
M. Danesh
Keyword(s):  
High School Students ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Brain Serotonin ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
School Students ◽  
Dietary Regimen ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
The North ◽  
Affective Symptoms ◽  
North Of Iran

IntroductionPremenstrual symptoms (PMS) are characterized by a set of behavioral, somatic, and affective symptoms of varying severity that occur during the 7–10 days before the onset of menstruation and subside after the beginning of the menstrual flow. Although the etiology of PMS is largely unknown, current evidence suggests that they may arise from a decrease in brain serotonin neurotransmission. Starch dietary regimen may increase brain serotonin.Materials and methodsIn this quasi-experimental study, we investigated associations between Starch dietary regimen and PMS in 14–19 years old high school students from October to January 2007 in Sari, the city in the North of Iran. 478 girls were selected for this trial. Participants were advised to consume a dietary regimen full of starch every 3 hours a day unless they were asleep. Symptoms were prospectively documented over 3 menstrual cycles with a daily rating scale that had 20 symptoms of PMS After 3 months data analysis was done.ResultsPMS score was 12.85 ± 8.01 prior to dietary regimen, and at the end of first, second and third month following dietary regimen were 11.03 ± 7.59, 12.47 ± 7.79 and 11.13 ± 6.71 respectively (p = 0000). Mood score was 15.8 ± 10.02 prior to dietary regimen, and at the end of first, second and third following dietary regimen were 12.61 ± 9.34, 13.06 ± 8.13 and 11.46 ± 7.09 respectively (p = 0000).ConclusionResults of this study revealed that carbohydrate-rich diet can improve PMS symptoms. Therefore, we recommended codified teaching programs via health care staffs to students about the beneficial effects of diet on relieving PMS.

The course of neuropsychiatric symptoms in nursing-home patients with dementia over a 53-month follow-up period

2013 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geir Selbæk ◽  
Knut Engedal ◽  
Jūratė Šaltytė Benth ◽  
Sverre Bergh
Keyword(s):  
Nursing Home ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Neuropsychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Clinical Dementia Rating ◽  
Severe Dementia ◽  
Persistent Symptoms ◽  
Nursing Home Patients ◽  
Affective Symptoms ◽  
Clinically Significant

ABSTRACTBackground:Neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS) are prevalent in nursing-home (NH) patients with dementia, but little is known about the long-term course of these symptoms.Methods:In this study, 931 NH patients with dementia took part in a prospective cohort study with four assessments over a 53-month follow-up period. NPS and level of dementia were assessed with the Neuropsychiatric Inventory scale and the Clinical Dementia Rating scale, respectively.Results:Mild, moderate, and severe dementia was present in 25%, 33%, and 42%, respectively. There was an increase in the severity of the dementia from the first to the fourth assessment. Agitation, irritability, disinhibition, and apathy were the most prevalent and persistent symptoms during the study period. The affective subsyndrome (depression and anxiety) became less severe, whereas the agitation subsyndrome (agitation/aggression, disinhibition, and irritability) and apathy increased in severity during the follow-up period. More severe dementia was associated with more severe agitation, psychosis, and apathy, but not more severe affective symptoms. Mild dementia was associated with an increase in the severity of psychosis, whereas moderate or severe dementia was associated with decreasing severity of psychosis over the follow-up period.Conclusion:Nearly all the patients experienced clinically significant NPS, but individual symptoms fluctuated. Affective symptoms became less severe, while agitation and apathy increased in severity. An increase in dementia severity was associated with an increase in the severity of agitation, psychosis, and apathy, but not affective symptoms. The results may have implications when planning evaluation, treatment, and the prevention of NPS in NH patients.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document