scholarly journals The Measurement of Intraocular Biomarkers in Various Stages of Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy Using Multiplex xMAP Technology

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stepan Rusnak ◽  
Jindra Vrzalova ◽  
Marketa Sobotova ◽  
Lenka Hecova ◽  
Renata Ricarova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor Beta ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor ◽  
Neovascular Glaucoma ◽  
Clinical Severity ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Group Number ◽  
Xmap Technology

Purpose. To determine the intraocular levels of growth factors and cytokines in patients with various degrees of severity of proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) using multiplex xMAP technology.Methods. A prospective cohort study of 61 eyes from 56 patients who were divided into 3 groups based on the severity of PDR. Patients in group number 1 are those who presented PDR with no need of repeated surgical intervention; patients in group number 2 had repeated vitreous bleeding; and patients in group number 3 had refractory neovascular glaucoma. The concentrations of proangiogenic, antiangiogenic, inflammatory, and neurotrophic factors were measured in intraocular fluid. The results were also compared with levels of factors measured in 50 eyes from 50 patients prior to senile cataract surgery (control group).Results. Patients with refractory neovascular glaucoma (the highest clinical severity group) had higher levels of interleukin 6 (IL-6) (median1 37.19; median3 384.74;P=.00096), transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGFβ-1) (median1 49.00; median3 414.40;P=.0017), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) (median1 211.62; median3 352.82;P=.0454) compared with other PDR patients.Conclusions. Results of our study imply that levels of IL-6, TGFβ-1, and VEGF correlate with the severity of PDR.

scholarly journals Transforming growth factor beta 1 expression and inflammatory cells in tooth extraction socket after X-ray irradiation

2017 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 87
Author(s):  
Ramadhan Hardani Putra ◽  
Eha Renwi Astuti ◽  
Rini Devijanti Ridwan
Keyword(s):  
Growth Factor ◽  
Treatment Group ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor Beta ◽  
Tooth Extraction ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor ◽  
Inflammatory Cells ◽  
Radiographic Examination ◽  
Control Group ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Growth Factor Beta

Background: Radiographic examination is often used in dentistry to evaluate tooth extraction complications. X-ray used in radiographic examination, however, has negative effects, including damage to DNA and inflammatory response during wound healing process. Purpose: This study aimed to analyze the effects of X-ray irradiation on transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-ß1) expression and number of inflammatory cells in tooth extraction sockets. Method: Thirty rats were divided into three groups, which consist of control group (with a radiation of 0 mSv), treatment group 1 (with a radiation of 0.08 mSv), and treatment group 2 (with a radiation of 0.16 mSv). These rats in each group were sacrificed on days 3 and 5 after treatment. Inflammatory cells which were observed in this research were PMN, macrophages, and lymphocytes. Histopathological and immunohistochemical examinations were used to calculate the number of inflammatory cells and TGF-ß1 expression. Obtained data were analyzed using SPSS 16.0 software with one way ANOVA and Tukey’s HSD tests. Result: There was no significant decrease in the number of PMN. On the other hand, there were significant decreases in the number of macrophages and lymphocytes in the sacrificed group on day-5 with the radiation of 0.16 mSv. Similarly, the most significant decreased expression of TGF-ß1 was found in the group sacrificed on day 5 with the radiation of 0.16 mSv. Conclusion: X-ray irradiation with 0.08 mSv and 0.16 mSv doses can decrease TGF-ß1 expression and number of inflammatory cells in tooth extraction sockets on day 3 and 5 post extraction.

scholarly journals Correlations Between Different Angiogenic and Inflammatory Factors in Vitreous Fluid of Eyes With Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guanrong Wu ◽  
Baoyi Liu ◽  
Qiaowei Wu ◽  
Changting Tang ◽  
Zijing Du ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Intercellular Adhesion Molecule ◽  
Inflammatory Factors ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Intercellular Adhesion Molecule 1 ◽  
Vitreous Fluid ◽  
Inflammation Mediators

Purpose: To investigate the expression of various angiogenesis and inflammation mediators in the vitreous fluid of eyes with proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR).Methods: A total of 38 eyes with PDR and 37 control eyes were included. Vitreous fluid was collected during vitrectomy. Vitreous levels of colony stimulating factor-1 receptor (CSF-1R), syndecan-1, placental growth factor (PIGF), and angiopoietin-like protein 4 (ANGPTL-4) were measured by multiplex immunoassay. Vitreous levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-8 (IL-8), monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) were measured by cytometric beads array. Levels of these mediators were compared between the PDR and control eyes. Correlations between levels of different mediators and between these mediators and kidney function metrics in the PDR group were also analyzed.Results: Vitreous levels of syndecan-1, PIGF, ANGPTL-4, VEGF, and IL-8 were significantly higher in the PDR group compared to the control group (all p < 0.05). Levels of VEGF were significantly correlated with levels of syndecan-1, PIGF, and ANGPTL-4 (r = 0.370 to 0.497, all p < 0.05). Significant positive correlations were detected between levels of any two of the following mediators including syndecan-1, PIGF, ANGPTL-4, and IL-8 (r = 0.370 to 0.906, all p < 0.05). Apart from VEGF, levels of these mediators were positively correlated with serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen (r = 0.328 to 0.638, all p < 0.05), and negatively correlated with fasting blood glucose and estimated glomerular filtration rate (r = −0.325 to −0.603, all p < 0.05).Conclusions: Correlations between different angiogenesis and inflammation mediators were observed in eyes with PDR, suggesting cross-talks of different angiogenesis and inflammation pathways in the pathogenesis of PDR. The levels of angiogenesis and inflammation in PDR are correlated with kidney damage, indicating possible common pathways in diabetic retinopathy and nephropathy.

scholarly journals Clinical Significance of Hepatocyte Growth Factor and Transforming Growth Factor-Beta-1 Levels in Assessing Disease Activity in Inflammatory Bowel Disease

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Rania Naguib ◽  
Wafaa Mohamed El-Shikh
Keyword(s):  
Growth Factor ◽  
Hepatocyte Growth Factor ◽  
Disease Activity ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor Beta ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor ◽  
Inflammatory Responses ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel ◽  
Growth Factor Beta ◽  
Hepatocyte Growth

Background. Transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) and hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) are inflammatory cytokines which function as key regulators of immunological homeostasis and inflammatory responses. They have been linked to inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). In this study, we aim to assess the levels of TGF-β and HGF and other inflammatory markers in patients with IBD and correlate them with the disease activity. Study Design. A cross-sectional study involving 100 patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) and 100 patients with Crohn’s disease (CD) and 50 control subjects. TGF-β and HGF levels were measured and correlated with disease activity. Results and Conclusion. Serum levels of TGF-β and HGF were significantly higher in IBD patients compared with the control group. In the UC group, the levels of HGF and TGF-β were significantly higher than in the CD group. Levels of TGF-β and HGF correlate with the activity of IBD.

scholarly journals Serum Concentrations of Transforming Growth Factor-Beta 1 in Predicting the Occurrence of Diabetic Retinopathy in Juvenile Patients with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Zorena ◽  
Ewa Malinowska ◽  
Dorota Raczyńska ◽  
Małgorzata Myśliwiec ◽  
Krystyna Raczyńska
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor Beta ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor ◽  
Serum Concentrations ◽  
Growth Factor Beta

In the present study, we have decided to evaluate if serum transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-β1) concentrations may have diagnostic value in predicting the occurrence of diabetic retinopathy (DR) in juvenile patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). The study included 81 children and adolescents with T1DM and 19 control subjects. All study participants had biochemical parameters examined, underwent an eye examination, and 24-hour blood pressure monitoring. Moreover, serum concentrations of TGF-β1 were measured. The group of patients with T1DM and nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR) had statistically significant higher serum levels of TGF-β1 (P=0.001) as compared to T1DM patients without retinopathy as well as the healthy control subject. The threshold serum TGF-β1 concentrations which had a discriminative ability to predict the presence of DR were calculated using the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves analysis and amounted to 443 pg/ml. The area under the ROC curve (AUCROC) was 0.80, and its population value was in the range of 0.66 to 0.94. The sensitivity and specificity were calculated to be 72% and 88%, respectively. Our results suggest that TGF-β1 serum concentrations may be an additional parameter in predicting the occurrence of DR in juvenile patients with T1DM.

scholarly journals THE DILATATION OF BRAIN VENTRICLE DUE TO CONGENITAL TOXOPLASMOSIS IN MICE CORRELATED WITH APOPTOSIS BUT NOT WITH TRANSFORMING GROWTH FACTOR BETA

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucia Tri Suwanti ◽  
Mufasirin Mufasirin ◽  
Hani Plumeriastuti
Keyword(s):  
Growth Factor ◽  
Treatment Group ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor Beta ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor ◽  
Congenital Toxoplasmosis ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Newborn Mice ◽  
Pregnant Mice ◽  
Brain Ventricle ◽  
Growth Factor Beta

This study aimed to determine the occurences of mice brain ventricles dilatation that congenitally infected with Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) as a marker of hydrocephalus and cellular changes in the brain. A total of twenty pregnant mice (11.5 days pregnacy) were divided into 2 groups, which were control (P1) group and treatment (P2) group. The mice in the treatment group were infected with 101 tachyzoites of T. gondii. All mice were maintained until delivery. The newborn mice were sacrificed and their brain were removed and fixed in 10% buffered formalin to prepare histology slides with HE staining for observation of ventricular width, TUNEL assay for apoptosis observation, and immunohistochemistry for the expression of transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) observations. The data were analyzed using t test and linear regression. The results showed that ventricular width and apoptosis index significantly increased (P<0.01) in the treatment group compared to control group, but there was no difference in the expression of TGF-β (P>0.05) in both groups. Dilatation of ventricle correlated with the apoptotic index of brain cells but did not correlated with the expression of TGF-β.

Maternal Sodium Valproate Exposure Alters NeuroendocrineCytokines and Oxido-inflammatory Axes in Neonatal Albino Rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naama A-G ◽  
El-bakry AM ◽  
Rasha EH ◽  
Ahmed RG
Keyword(s):  
Growth Factor ◽  
Sodium Valproate ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor Beta ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Serum Growth Hormone ◽  
Pregnant Rats ◽  
Necrosis Factor Alpha ◽  
Insulin Growth Factor

Objective: he aim of the study was to determine the influence of maternal sodium valproate (SVP) on neonatal neuroendocrine (hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal; HPA)-cytokines and oxido-inflammatory axes. Methods: Pregnant rats (Rattus norvegicus) were orally administered (by gavage) SVP (50 mg/kg) from gestation day (GD) 8 to lactation day (LD) 21. Results: The elevation in serum corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH), corticosterone, and adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) levels was highly significant at postnatal days (PNDs) 14 and 21 in both dams and neonates of the maternal SVPtreated group relative to those in the control group. However, hypercortisolism (cortisolemia) was highly significant in neonates at both PNDs 14 and 21 while in dams, it was not significantly increased at LD 14 but was at LD 21. This disruption caused adverse effects on maternal food consumption and maternal/neonatal body weight. The maternal SVP treatment resulted in higher levels of neonatal serum adrenaline, noradrenaline, neuropeptide Y (NPY), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), leptin, interleukins (IL-1β, IL-17, IL-4, IL-6 & IL-2), transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β), and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), and lower levels of neonatal serum growth hormone (GH), insulin growth factor-1 (IGF-1) and adiponectin at both PNDs. This administration also induced the oxidative stress in neonatal cerebrum and cerebellum at both tested PNDs via the production of free radicals (malondialdehyde; MDA & nitric oxide; NO) and reduction of antioxidant parameters (glutathione; GSH, superoxide dismutase; SOD & catalase; CAT). Conclusion: Maternal SVP treatment stimulated neonatal stress-brain (HPA) axis, resulted in an oxido-inflammatory state, and disrupted the neuroendocrine-cytokines axis, and generally neonatal health.

Thrombospondin-1 (TSP1), Transforming Growth Factor-Beta (TGFb) and Connective Tissue Growth Factor (CTGF) are Involved in the Pathophysiology of Diabetic Retinopathy,

Blood ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 118 (21) ◽  
pp. 3275-3275
Author(s):  
Raul A. De La Cadena ◽  
Mario C Rico ◽  
Fabiola Del Carpio-Cano ◽  
Fayez Safadi ◽  
Satya P. Kunapuli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Western Blotting ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor Beta ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Vitreous Fluid ◽  
Growth Factor Beta

Abstract Abstract 3275 Background: Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a progressive disease that affects over 4 million people in the United States and is one of the leading causes of blindness. The pathophysiology of the early events (no evidence of DR) leading to diabetic retinopathy is still not fully understood. Recent studies have proposed that levels of TSP1 (Arch Ophthalmol 127:507, 2009) and CTGF (Diabetes Care 27:758, 2004) may play a role in shifting the angiogenic balance and pathogenesis of DR. We postulate that during acute and chronic inflammation, as seen in type-2 diabetes a pro-inflammatory axis comprised by TSP1, transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-b) and CTGF may play a significant role in the progression of NPDR to PDR. Methods: This is a prospective control study comprised to date of: a) six (6) human subjects with NPDR, b) eleven (11) subjects with PDR, c) five (5) subjects without type-2 diabetes but in need of pars plana vitrectomy, and d) seventeen (17) normal human volunteers. Plasma samples were obtained from all groups (a-d) after signing an informed consent approved by our institution's IRB committee. Vitreous fluid (VF) was collected from subjects in b and c. Cytokine profile was determined by Multiplex Assay. TSP1, TGF-b and CTGF were assessed by commercially available ELISA assays and visualized by Western-blotting technique. Results: TNFa in conjunction with other pro-inflammatory cytokines was found elevated in NPDR subjects when compared to subjects in control groups (c-d, P<0.05). The evidence of acute inflammation in the NPDR group was not only evident by higher levels of TNFa but also TSP1 and TGF-b when compared to control groups (P<0.002 and P<0.001 respectively). Interestingly, the TSP1 profile seen in the NPDR subjects changed significantly (lower levels) when compared to PDR subjects (P<0.002) and was even significantly different from that one seen in control subjects. This early foot print observed for TSP1 was similar to the IL-4 profile (P<0.003 NPDR vs PDR, P<0.0002 NPDR vs controls) a molecule considered to be anti-angiogenic like TSP1. CTGF plasma levels were increased in PDR subjects in plasma (mean 1.67 + 0.27 SEM pg/ml) when compared to NPDR subjects (0.77 + 0.22 pg/ml, P<0.05) and the levels were also higher in VH of PDR subjects when compared with VH controls subjects. On Western-blotting analysis, CTGF and TSP1 in plasma and in VH showed evidence of proteolytic fragmentation, a phenomenon that has been associated with potential promotion of angiogenesis and fibrosis. Summary: Our findings are in agreement with the proposed hypothesis that TSP1 in systemic circulation or in the micro environment (vitreous fluid) in conjunction with TGF-b represent a pro-inflammatory axis in the disease progression from NPDR to PDR with CTGF as the effector molecule placing this axis as a potential therapeutic intervention to prevent progression of disease and to improve quality of life in patients afflicted by NPDR. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

scholarly journals Levels of Apelin, Endoglin, and Transforming Growth Factor Beta 1 in Iraqi Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-25
Author(s):  
Noor Alhuda K. Ibrahim ◽  
Wasnaa J. Mohammad ◽  
Sanan T. Abdawahab
Keyword(s):  
Growth Factor ◽  
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor Beta ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Growth Factor Beta ◽  
Tgf Β1

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most common causes of infertility in women of reproductive age. The aim of the study was to determine the level of apelin, insulin resistance (IR), transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1), and endoglin in women with polycystic ovary syndrome. Fifty PCOS patients and 40 non-PCOS infertile patients were recruited. The fasting serum levels of folliclestimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), testosterone (T), prolactin, fasting blood glucose, insulin, and apelin at the early follicular phase were measured. Levels of apelin, LH, LH/FSH, T, and fasting insulin, as well as homeostatic model assessment of IR (HOMA-IR) in PCOS patients, were significantly higher than in the control group. Correlation analysis showed that apelin level was positively correlated with body mass index and HOMA-IR. Apelin levels and TGF-β1 were significantly increased in PCOS patients while show decrease levels of endoglin.

scholarly journals Renoprotective Effect of Platelet-Rich Plasma on Cisplatin-Induced Nephrotoxicity in Rats

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neveen Salem ◽  
Nawal Helmi ◽  
Naglaa Assaf
Keyword(s):  
Growth Factor ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor Beta ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor ◽  
Platelet Rich Plasma ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Intercellular Adhesion Molecule ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Intercellular Adhesion Molecule 1 ◽  
Histopathological Investigation

Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) has grown as an attractive biologic instrument in regenerative medicine for its powerful healing properties. It is considered as a source of growth factors that may induce tissue repairing and improve fibrosis. This product has proven its efficacy in multiple studies, but its effect on cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity has not yet been elucidated. The present investigation was performed to estimate the protective impact of platelet-rich plasma against cisplatin- (CP-) evoked nephrotoxicity in male rats. Nephrotoxicity was induced in male Wistar rats by right uninephrectomy followed by CP administration. Uninephrectomized rats were assigned into four groups: (1) control group, (2) PRP group, (3) CP group, and (4) CP + PRP group. PRP was administered by subcapsular renal injection. Renal function, inflammatory cytokines, and growth factor level as well as histopathological investigation were carried out. Treatment with PRP attenuated the severity of CP-induced nephrotoxicity as evidenced by suppressed creatinine, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), and N-acetyl glucosaminidase (NAG) levels. Moreover, PRP depressed intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1), caspase-3, and transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-β1) levels, while enhanced the epidermal growth factor (EGF) level. These biochemical results were reinforced by the histopathological investigation, which revealed restoration of normal renal tissue architectures. These findings highlight evidence for the possible protective effects of PRP in a rat model of CP-induced nephrotoxicity, suggesting a new avenue for using PRP to improve the therapeutic index of cisplatin.

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