scholarly journals The Value of Circulating Nogo-B for Evaluating Hepatic Functional Reserve in Patients with Cirrhosis

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maoyao Wen ◽  
Ruoting Men ◽  
Zongze Yang ◽  
Xuelian Dan ◽  
Wenchao Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Cirrhosis ◽  
Surrogate Marker ◽  
High Plasma ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Clinical Parameters ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Nonparenchymal Cells ◽  
Esophagogastric Varices ◽  
Pugh Class ◽  
Hepatic Nonparenchymal Cells

Objective. To examine Nogo-B in liver tissues and plasma of patients with liver cirrhosis and associate them with various clinical parameters.Materials and Methods. Nogo-B protein expression was examined by immunohistochemistry in 24 human fibrotic/cirrhotic liver specimens and 10 healthy controls. We determined plasma Nogo-B levels by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in 301 patients with liver cirrhosis and 153 healthy controls, and then analyzed various clinical parameters.Results. Nogo-B was mainly expressed in nonparenchymal cells in the liver and was marked increased in liver with significant fibrosis/cirrhosis compared to controls. Moreover, Metavir F4 showed a higher level of expression than F2. Plasma Nogo-B levels were significantly higher in cirrhotic patients than in healthy controls and were the highest in Child-Pugh class C patients. Plasma Nogo-B levels were positively correlated with Child-Pugh scores. However, there was no relationship between plasma Nogo-B levels and etiology of liver diseases, ALT, AST, platelet counts, and the severity of esophagogastric varices.Conclusions. Nogo-B is mainly expressed in hepatic nonparenchymal cells and is present in plasma. Abnormally high plasma levels of Nogo-B are associated with hepatic cirrhosis and Child-Pugh score, but not correlated with the grade of liver inflammation or portal hypertension. Plasma Nogo-B may be a novel surrogate marker to reflect liver function reserve.

scholarly journals Neutrophil extracellular traps in patients with liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Robin Zenlander ◽  
Sebastian Havervall ◽  
Maria Magnusson ◽  
Jennie Engstrand ◽  
Anna Ågren ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Liver Cirrhosis ◽  
Plasma Levels ◽  
Thrombus Formation ◽  
Laboratory Data ◽  
Neutrophil Extracellular Traps ◽  
Clinical Parameters ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Coagulation Activity ◽  
Extracellular Traps

AbstractNeutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) are web-like structures consisting of DNA, histones and granule proteins, released from neutrophils in thrombus formation, inflammation, and cancer. We asked if plasma levels of the NET markers myeloperoxidase (MPO)-DNA and citrullinated histone H3 (H3Cit)-DNA, are elevated in liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and if the levels correlate with clinical parameters. MPO-DNA, H3Cit-DNA, and thrombin–antithrombin (TAT) complex, as a marker of coagulation activity, were measured using ELISA in plasma from 82 patients with HCC, 95 patients with cirrhosis and 50 healthy controls. Correlations were made to clinical parameters and laboratory data and patients were followed for a median of 22.5 months regarding thrombosis development. H3Cit-DNA was significantly (p < 0.01) elevated in plasma from cirrhosis (66.4 ng/mL) and HCC (63.8 ng/mL) patients compared to healthy controls (31.8 ng/mL). TAT levels showed similar pattern (3.1, 3.7, and 0.0 µg/mL respectively, p < 0.01). MPO-DNA was significantly (p < 0.01) elevated in cirrhosis patients (0.53 O.D.) as compared to controls (0.33 O.D.). Levels of MPO-DNA and H3Cit-DNA correlated positively with Child–Pugh and MELD score. TAT was increased in all Child–Pugh and MELD groups. In multivariable logistic regression, Child B and C liver cirrhosis were independent predictors of elevated H3Cit-DNA in plasma. Levels of MPO-DNA and H3Cit-DNA were similar in patients with or without history of thrombosis, or thrombus formation during follow-up. In conclusion, plasma markers of NET formation are elevated in liver cirrhosis and correlate to the degree of liver dysfunction in patients with liver cirrhosis and/or HCC. The presence of HCC did not further increase the plasma levels of NET markers as compared to patients with cirrhosis only.

scholarly journals Serum adiponectin in HIV-1 and hepatitis C virus mono- and co-infected Kenyan injection drug users

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 223-232 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric M Ndombi ◽  
Valentine Budambula ◽  
Mark K Webale ◽  
Francis O Musumba ◽  
Jesca O Wesongah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Injection Drug Users ◽  
Drug Users ◽  
Surrogate Marker ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Injection Drug ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Anthropometric Indices ◽  
Treatment Naïve

Adiponectin is an important marker of anthropometric profiles of adipose tissue. However, association of adiponectin and adiposity in HIV mono- and co-infected and hepatitis (HCV) injection drug users (IDUs) has not been elucidated. Therefore, the relationship of total adiponectin levels with anthropometric indices of adiposity was examined in HIV mono-infected (anti-retroviral treatment, ART-naive, n=16 and -experienced, n=34); HCV mono-infected, n=36; HIV and HCV co-infected (ART-naive, n=5 and -experienced, n=13); uninfected, n=19 IDUs; and healthy controls, n=16 from coastal Kenya. Anthropometric indices of adiposity were recorded and total circulating adiponectin levels were measured in serum samples using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Adiponectin levels differed significantly amongst the study groups (P<0.0001). Post-hoc analyses revealed decreased levels in HIV mono-infected ART-naive IDUs in comparison to uninfected IDUs (P<0.05) and healthy controls (P<0.05). However, adiponectin levels were elevated in HCV mono-infected IDUs relative to HIV mono-infected ART-naive (P<0.001) and -experienced (P<0.001) as well as HIV and HCV co-infected ART-naive (P<0.05) IDUs. Furthermore, adiponectin correlated with weight (ρ=0.687; P=0.003) and BMI (ρ=0.598; P=0.014) in HIV mono-infected ART-naive IDUs; waist circumference (ρ=−0.626; P<0.0001), hip (ρ=−0.561; P=0.001) circumference, and bust-to-waist ratio (ρ=0.561; P=0.001) in HIV mono-infected ART-experienced IDUs; waist girth (ρ=0.375; P=0.024) in HCV mono-infected IDUs; and waist-to-hip ratio (ρ=−0.872; P=0.048) in HIV and HCV co-infected ART-naive IDUs. Altogether, these results suggest suppression of adiponectin production in treatment-naive HIV mono-infected IDUs and that circulating adiponectin is a useful surrogate marker of altered adiposity in treatment-naive and -experienced HIV and HCV mono- and co-infected IDUs.

Serum Thrombopoietin (c-MpI Ligand) Levels in Patients with Liver Cirrhosis

1996 ◽  
Vol 76 (04) ◽  
pp. 545-548 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shigetaka Shimodaira ◽  
Fumihiro Ishida ◽  
Naoaki Ichikawa ◽  
Tomoyuki Tahara ◽  
Takashi Kato ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Cirrhosis ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis ◽  
Platelet Count ◽  
Total Bilirubin ◽  
Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Platelet Production ◽  
Platelet Counts

SummaryTo clarify the role of c-Mpl ligand (thrombopoietin: TPO) in liver cirrhosis (LC), we examined serum TPO levels (sTPO) in patients with LG (N = 44), chronic hepatitis (CH; N = 13) and healthy controls (N = 41) by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Although platelet counts of all LC patients (89 ± 59 × 109/1; mean ± SD) were lower than those of controls and CH patients, sTPO levels in LC patients (1.23 ± 0.51 fmol/ml) were the same as those in controls (1.22 ± 0.37) and CH patients (1.18 ± 0.36). Platelet counts were significantly higher in splenectomized patients than in unsplenectomized patients, but the sTPO level did not differ between these two groups. In LC patients, the sTPO level was not correlated with the platelet count, but was correlated with prothrombin time, activated partial thromboplastin time, and total bilirubin, indicating that production of TPO in the liver decreases slightly with the development of liver dysfunction. Our findings suggest that production of TPO is maintained in LC patients and their thrombocytopenia is not due to a defect in platelet production.

Platelet Count Improvement after Chronic Hepatitis C Treatment among Cirrhotic Patients Who Achieved Sustained Virological Response: Realworld Results from 2186 Patients in Egypt

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rehab Badawi ◽  
Shaimaa Soliman ◽  
Lobna Aboali ◽  
Mahmoud Elkadeem ◽  
Asem Elfert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Cirrhosis ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis ◽  
Platelet Count ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Sustained Virological Response ◽  
Virological Response ◽  
Hcv Rna ◽  
End Of Treatment ◽  
Pugh Class ◽  
Direct Acting

Background & Aims: This study aimed to assess the changes in platelet counts of patients with liver cirrhosis due to chronic HCV, who achieved sustained virological response (SVR) after taking direct acting antivirals (DAAs) in a large cohort study in Egypt. Methods: This multicenter observational retrospective study was carried out on 2500 chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infected patients who achieved (SVR) after treatment with direct acting antiviral drugs (DAA). HCV infection was confirmed by positive PCR for HCV RNA infection. SVR was defined as a negative PCR test for HCV-RNA 12 weeks after completion of DAA therapy. Platelets count was measured before therapy, during therapy, at the end of treatment, and 12 weeks after the end of the treatment. Results: There were 2186 patients enrolled in the study; 1866 (85.4%) were treatment naïve. There were 1006 (46%) males and 1180 (54%) females. Mean age was 50.82± 11.66 years, 2142 (98 %.0) patients achieved SVR, 2118 (96.9%) patients had Child -Pugh class A cirrhosis, and 68 (3.1%) had Child -Pugh class B liver cirrhosis. A significant increase of the platelets count was detected at the end of treatment in comparison to the pretreatment levels (P<0.001), and after achieving SVR (P <0.001) when compared to the pretreatment values. Conclusion: Improvement of platelets count occurs after HCV therapy with DAAS in patients with liver cirrhosis. These results suggested that HCV eradication may have a role in improvement of platelet count.

scholarly journals The acute phase response protein SERPINA3 is increased in tear fluid from the unaffected eyes of patients with unilateral acute anterior uveitis

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jon Roger Eidet ◽  
Maja Akopian ◽  
Ole K. Olstad ◽  
Øystein Kalsnes Jørstad ◽  
Morten C. Moe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Phase ◽  
Anterior Uveitis ◽  
Acute Phase Response ◽  
Phase Response ◽  
Tear Fluid ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Bacterial Keratitis ◽  
Acute Anterior Uveitis ◽  
Potential Biomarker

Abstract Background To identify candidate tear fluid biomarkers in patients with unilateral acute anterior uveitis (AAU) that can aid in the differentiation between these patients and patients with bacterial keratitis or healthy controls. Methods Thirteen patients (40.1 ± 16.2 years of age) with unilateral AAU, seven patients with unilateral bacterial keratitis (40.2 ± 15.3 years of age), and 14 healthy subjects (41.1 ± 11.6 years of age) were included. The tear proteome of affected eyes was compared with that of the unaffected eye or healthy controls. Proteins were identified by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results Relative protein ratios were detected and calculated for 272 unique proteins. Compared with healthy controls and the unaffected eye, the top upregulated proteins in AAU eyes were submaxillary gland androgen regulated protein 3B (SMR3B) and SMR3A. Similarly, the top upregulated proteins in bacterial keratitis were S100 calcium-binding protein A9 and orosomucoid 2. The acute phase response protein Serpin Family A Member 3 (SERPINA3) was increased in the healthy eye of AAU patients (P = 0.019) compared with healthy controls. Laser flare measurements in affected eyes of AAU patients showed positive logarithmic correlation with SERPINA3 in tear samples of the unaffected eye (P = 0.022). The use of SERPINA3 as a tear biomarker yielded a sensitivity of 85% and a specificity of 71% in detecting patients with AAU in the study population. Conclusions The acute phase response protein SERPINA3 was increased in tear samples of unaffected eyes of patients with unilateral AAU compared with healthy controls. This study highlights SERPINA3 as a potential biomarker for AAU. Future research should explore the dynamic properties of SERPINA3 in the tear fluid of active and quiescent uveitis eyes.

scholarly journals Anti-CCP Antibody Levels Are Not Associated with MS: Results from a Case-Control Study

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahmut Alpayci ◽  
Aysel Milanlioglu ◽  
Veysel Delen ◽  
Mehmet Nuri Aydin ◽  
Huseyin Guducuoglu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Control Study ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Citrullinated Proteins ◽  
Antibody Levels ◽  
Citrullinated Peptide ◽  
Control Study

Citrullinated proteins have been suggested to play a critical role in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis (MS). Anticyclic citrullinated peptide (anti-CCP) antibody is used in the early diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The objective of this study was to investigate the presence of anti-CCP antibody in patients with MS compared to RA patients and healthy controls. Fifty patients with MS (38 females, 12 males; mean age 36.72 ± 8.82 years), 52 patients with RA (40 females, 12 males; mean age 40.87 ± 10.17 years), and 50 healthy controls (32 females, 18 males; mean age 38.22 ± 11.59 years) were included in this study. The levels of serum anti-CCP antibody were measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The results of the study showed that anti-CCP antibody levels were significantly higher in RA patients versus MS or healthy controls(P<0.001). Moreover, anti-CCP antibody was positive in 43 (83%) patients with RA, while it was negative in all MS patients as well as in all healthy controls. Also, no significant correlation was found between the anti-CCP levels and EDSS scores(r=-0.250). In conclusion, the results of this study did not support a positive association between serum anti-CCP antibody and MS.

Typing of hepatic nonparenchymal cells using fibulin-2 and cytoglobin/STAP as liver fibrogenesis-related markers

2004 ◽  
Vol 122 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuko Tateaki ◽  
Tomohiro Ogawa ◽  
Norifumi Kawada ◽  
Toshihiko Kohashi ◽  
Koji Arihiro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nonparenchymal Cells ◽  
Liver Fibrogenesis ◽  
Hepatic Nonparenchymal Cells

scholarly journals POS1290 CYTOKINE BIOMARKERS IN COMMON LOW BACK PAIN

2021 ◽  
Vol 80 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 926.3-926
Author(s):  
R. Dhahri ◽  
A. Dghaies ◽  
M. Slouma ◽  
L. Metoui ◽  
I. Gharsallah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neuropathic Pain ◽  
Low Back Pain ◽  
Back Pain ◽  
Inflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Low Back ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Functional Scores ◽  
The Mean

Background:Common low back pain (LBP) is a common health problem affecting 50 to 80% of working age adults. It is one of the common and costly health problems in Tunisia. Actually, the role of the immune response and inflammatory cytokines in the pathogenesis of chronic pain has been of growing interest.Objectives:The aim of this study was to assess whether pro and anti-inflammatory cytokines could be detected in serum in patients with LBP compared with healthy subjects and whether they could be related to pain severity and to clinical findings.Methods:It was a an analytical cross-sectional study including 50 patients with at least three months of LBP, in the department of rheumatology, orthopedics and immunology at the Military Hospital of Tunis between January 1st and March 31, 2020. All patients had a standardized clinical assessment.Levels of serum cytokines IL-6, IL-8, IL-1β and TNF- α, were measured using the chimiluminescence technique. Serum concentration of IL-10 was assayed by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay technique (ELISA). The normal levels of cytokines were determined in 50 healthy controls.Results:The mean age of the patients was 41.9 ± 8.4 years and the sex ratio was 4.5. LBP duration was 66.4 months. The mean lumbar visual analog scale (VAS) was 4.5 ± 1.9, and the root VAS was 2.6 ± 2.5. Neuropathic pain was found in 26% of patients. The average BMI was 27 ± 3.7 kg/m2. Only serum level of IL-8 was significantly higher in subjects with LBP compared to healthy controls (p <10-3). IL-1β was indetectable in both patients and controls. Positive correlations were found between IL-8 levels and anxiety/functional scores (r = 0.3; p = 0.02/ r = 0.3; p = 0.04). IL-6 was positively correlated with BMI, and negatively correlated with the Schober test. No correlations were found between serum levels of IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, TNF-α and pain intensity (VAS), neuropathic pain (DN4), fibromyalgia (FIRST), depression (HAD) and various radiological data.Conclusion:Interleukin-8 is a biomarker of common low back pain and correlate with anxiety and functional disability. These results suggest that IL-8 may be a therapeutic target to reduce chronic back pain and reduce the social and profession impact.Disclosure of Interests:None declared

scholarly journals Identification of molecular signatures of cystic fibrosis disease status with plasma-based functional genomics

2019 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hara Levy ◽  
Shuang Jia ◽  
Amy Pan ◽  
Xi Zhang ◽  
Mary Kaldunski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cystic Fibrosis ◽  
Flow Cytometry ◽  
Functional Genomics ◽  
Treatment Response ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Disease Status ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Molecular Signatures ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Plasma Samples

Although cystic fibrosis (CF) is attributed to dysfunction of a single gene, the relationships between the abnormal gene product and the development of inflammation and progression of lung disease are not fully understood, which limits our ability to predict an individual patient’s clinical course and treatment response. To better understand CF progression, we characterized the molecular signatures of CF disease status with plasma-based functional genomics. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from healthy donors were cultured with plasma samples from CF patients ( n = 103) and unrelated, healthy controls ( n = 31). Gene expression levels were measured with an Affymetrix microarray (GeneChip Human Genome U133 Plus 2.0). Peripheral blood samples from a subset of the CF patients ( n = 40) were immunophenotyped by flow cytometry, and the data were compared with historical data for age-matched healthy controls ( n = 351). Plasma samples from another subset of CF patients ( n = 56) and healthy controls ( n = 16) were analyzed by multiplex enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for numerous cytokines and chemokines. Principal component analysis and hierarchical clustering of induced transcriptional data revealed disease-specific plasma-induced PBMC profiles. Among 1,094 differentially expressed probe sets, 51 genes were associated with pancreatic sufficient status, and 224 genes were associated with infection with Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The flow cytometry and ELISA data confirmed that various immune modulators are relevant contributors to the CF molecular signature. This study provides strong evidence for distinct molecular signatures among CF patients. An understanding of these molecular signatures may lead to unique molecular markers that will enable more personalized prognoses, individualized treatment plans, and rapid monitoring of treatment response.

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