scholarly journals Hidden Metabolic Disturbances in Women with Normal Glucose Tolerance Five Years after Gestational Diabetes

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yvonne Winhofer ◽  
Andrea Tura ◽  
Anita Thomas ◽  
Thomas Prikoszovich ◽  
Christine Winzer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Normal Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Metabolic Disturbances ◽  
Intravenous Glucose ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Normal Glucose ◽  
History Of ◽  
Intravenous Glucose Tolerance Tests

Background. The study aimed to assess whether women with prior gestational diabetes (pGDM), despite maintenance of normal glucose tolerance (NGT) five years after delivery, display metabolic disturbances compared to healthy controls.Methods. 45 pGDM with NGT were compared to 18 women without a history of GDM (CON), matched for age (37.0 ± 4.1 versus 35.2 ± 5.3,P=ns) and BMI (24.3 ± 3.1 versus 23.3 ± 3.3,P=ns). Metabolic parameters were derived from oral and intravenous glucose tolerance tests; furthermore lipid profile, C-reactive protein (CRP), adiponectin, leptin, and glucagon were assessed.Results. Five years postpartum, pGDM had increased glucose concentrations during the OGTT (AUC: 1.12 ± 0.15 versus 1.0 ± 0.12 mol/L*min,P=0.003) and insulin sensitivity was decreased compared to CON (OGIS: 467.2 ± 64.1 versus 510.6 ± 53.1 mL/min*m2,P=0.01). pGDM had lower adiponectin (8.1 ± 2.6 versus 12.6 ± 5.3,P<0.008) but increased waist circumference and CRP compared to CON.Conclusions. Despite diagnosis of normal glucose tolerance, pGDM are characterized by hyperglycemia and insulin resistance compared to healthy controls, accompanied by decreased adiponectin and increased CRP concentrations, thus linking metabolic disturbances to an increased cardiovascular risk in pGDM.

scholarly journals Inflammatory Markers in Older Women with a History of Gestational Diabetes and the Effects of Weight Loss

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alice S. Ryan
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Older Women ◽  
Inflammatory Markers ◽  
Normal Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Diet And Exercise ◽  
Normal Glucose ◽  
History Of

The purpose of this study was to compare systemic inflammation in older women with a history of gestational diabetes (GDM) who developed impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) or type 2 diabetes (T2DM) to that in those with normal glucose tolerance (NGT) and to determine, in these women, the effect of weight loss (WL) induced by diet and exercise training on systemic inflammation and adipokine levels. This was a longitudinal clinical investigation of overweight/obese (BMI: 32 ± 1 kg/m2) women (59 ± 1 years) with a GDM history (n=19) who had normal glucose tolerance (NGT, n=7) or IGT/T2DM (n=12). Women completed 6 months of weight loss induced by diet and exercise and underwent VO2max, body composition, blood draw, glucose tolerance testing, and 2-hour hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamps (40 mU·m−2·min−1). Glucose utilization (M) was 42% higher in the NGT group (P<0.05). CRP was two-fold higher in the IGT/T2DM group than that in the NGT group (P<0.01). Adiponectin levels were 59% higher in the NGT group than those in the IGT/T2DM group (P<0.01). IL-6sR was higher in the NGT group (P<0.01). The women lost body weight, body fat, visceral fat, and subcutaneous abdominal fat (P<0.001). Fasting glucose (P<0.05), fasting insulin, glucose, and insulin AUC decreased (all P<0.005) after the intervention. M increased by 21% (P<0.05). CRP (−16%) and TNFR1 (−6%) tended to decrease, whereas TNFα, IL-6, SAA, and adiponectin did not change in the group. In conclusion, older women with a history of GDM who have developed IGT or T2DM have higher CRP and reduced adiponectin levels despite similar BMI and total and abdominal obesity to those with NGT. Six months WL induced by diet and exercise improves body composition and increases insulin sensitivity without a significant modification of inflammatory markers and adiponectin levels.

A hypertriglyceridemic state increases high sensitivity C-reactive protein of Japanese men with normal glucose tolerance

Endocrine ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 96-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyoko Okada ◽  
Norihiro Furusyo ◽  
Masayuki Murata ◽  
Yasunori Sawayama ◽  
Mosaburo Kainuma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Normal Glucose Tolerance ◽  
C Reactive Protein ◽  
Japanese Men ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Normal Glucose

High prevalence of steroid-induced glucose intolerance with normal fasting glycaemia during low-dose glucocorticoid therapy: an oral glucose tolerance test screening study

Rheumatology ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karolina M Nowak ◽  
Monika Rdzanek-Pikus ◽  
Katarzyna Romanowska-Próchnicka ◽  
Anna Nowakowska-Płaza ◽  
Lucyna Papierska
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Fasting Glucose ◽  
Tolerance Test ◽  
Normal Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Fat Percentage ◽  
Normal Glucose ◽  
Normal Fasting Glucose ◽  
History Of

Abstract Objectives To evaluate the prevalence and risk factors of new-onset glucose metabolism impairment using an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) in patients with normal fasting glycaemia on long-term glucocorticoid (GC) treatment. Methods An OGTT was performed in 150 patients without a previous history of pre-diabetes or diabetes who were diagnosed with inflammatory rheumatic diseases and treated with GCs &gt;3 months. All participants underwent clinical and biochemical evaluation for risk factors of diabetes: age, sex, current and cumulative dose of steroids, treatment duration, waist circumference, BMI, Homeostatic Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance, fasting insulin concentration, family history of diabetes, CRP, 28-joint DAS with CRP, type of connective tissue disease and trunk fat percentage measured by DXA. Logistic regression analysis was conducted to evaluate the association between the presence of impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) in the OGTT and analysed risk factors. Results A total of 102 patients (68%) had fully normal glucose tolerance. Diabetes, isolated impaired fasting glucose, isolated IGT and combined impaired fasting glucose + IGT was diagnosed in 3.3, 4.67, 19.33 and 4.67% of patients, respectively; 20% of participants had IGT or diabetes despite normal fasting glucose concentration. The median cumulative dose and current dose (5 mg) of GCs and treatment duration were similar compared with the normal glucose tolerance group. In a multivariate logistic regression model, only older age (particularly ≥50 years of age) and trunk fat percentage remained significant factors predicting IGT or diabetes in the OGTT. Conclusion New-onset GC-induced glucose intolerance, even in patients on long-term low-dose treatment, is prevalent despite normal fasting glucose concentration and patients should be screened with an OGTT despite the absence of classic risk factors of diabetes.

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