scholarly journals High-Directivity Antenna Array Based on Artificial Electromagnetic Metamaterials with Low Refractive Index

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhigang Xiao ◽  
Jiang Yao ◽  
Shaoquan Yin
Keyword(s):  
Refractive Index ◽  
Antenna Array ◽  
Wave Length ◽  
High Gain ◽  
Aperture Size ◽  
Array Configuration ◽  
Metallic Grids ◽  
Electromagnetic Metamaterials ◽  
Good Agreement ◽  
Low Refractive Index

Planar metamaterials (MTMs) with low refractive index are proposed as a cover in a high-gain patch antenna array configuration. This MTMs array antenna has the following features: the number of array elements significantly decreases compared with the conventional array; the elements spacing is larger than a wave length by far; the feeding network is simpler. MTMs are made of two layers of periodic square metallic grids and placed above the feeding array. With the same aperture size, the directivity of MTMs-cover antenna array is higher than the conventional antenna array. The simulation results show that an array of 2 × 2 patch elements integrated with MTMs yields about 26 dB of directivity which is higher than that of conventional 8 × 8 patch array. Furthermore, on the condition of the same aperture size, an array patch with 4 × 4 elements integrated with the MTMs-cover has an equivalent gain compared with the conventional patch array with 16 × 16 array elements. Obviously, the former has a simpler feeding network and higher aperture efficiency. The experimental work has verified that the 2 × 2 array case and the measured results have good agreement with the simulation.

scholarly journals Wideband and High-Gain Wearable Antenna Array with Specific Absorption Rate Suppression

Electronics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (17) ◽  
pp. 2056
Author(s):  
Haoran Zu ◽  
Bian Wu ◽  
Peibin Yang ◽  
Wenhua Li ◽  
Jinjin Liu
Keyword(s):  
Antenna Array ◽  
Absorption Rate ◽  
Specific Absorption Rate ◽  
High Gain ◽  
Specific Absorption ◽  
Wearable Antenna ◽  
Measurement Results ◽  
Rate Suppression ◽  
Radiation Direction ◽  
Good Agreement

In this paper, a wideband and high-gain antenna array with specific absorption rate suppression is presented. By adopting the wideband monopole antenna array and the uniplanar compact electromagnetic band gap (UC-EBG) structure, the proposed wearable antenna array can realize a high gain of 11.8–13.6 dBi within the operating band of 4.5–6.5 GHz. The sidelobe level of the proposed wearable antenna array is less than −12 dB, and the cross polarization in the main radiation direction is less than −35 dB. Benefiting from the UC-EBG design, the specific absorption rate is suppressed effectively, guaranteeing the safety of the proposed antenna array to the human body. The proposed antenna array is processed and tested, and the measurement results show good agreement with the simulation results.

Investigating the Nonlinear Optical Response of Pepper Oil under Low Power Irradiation with Continuous Wave Visible Laser Beam

2020 ◽  
pp. 131-138
Keyword(s):  
Refractive Index ◽  
Nonlinear Refractive Index ◽  
Nonlinear Optical ◽  
Continuous Wave ◽  
Diffraction Integral ◽  
Visible Laser ◽  
Limiting Property ◽  
Kirchhoff Diffraction Integral ◽  
Theoretical Results ◽  
Good Agreement

The nonlinear optical properties of pepper oil are studied by diffraction ring patterns and Z-scan techniques with continuous wave beam from solid state laser at 473 nm wavelength. The nonlinear refractive index of the sample is calculated by both techniques. The sample show high nonlinear refractive index. Based on Fresnel-Kirchhoff diffraction integral, the far-field intensity distributions of ring patterns have been calculated. It is found that the experimental results are in good agreement with the theoretical results. Also the optical limiting property of pepper oil is reported. The results obtained in this study prove that the pepper oil has applications in nonlinear optical devices.

Xylene-Cellulose Caprate as a Histologic Mounting Medium of Low Refractive Index

1955 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 133-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. D. Lillie ◽  
J. P. Greco Henson
Keyword(s):  
Refractive Index ◽  
Low Refractive Index

scholarly journals A Novel Hook-Shaped Antenna Operating at 28 GHz for Future 5G mmwave Applications

Electronics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 673
Author(s):  
Mian Kamal ◽  
Shouyi Yang ◽  
Saad Kiani ◽  
Daniyal Sehrai ◽  
Mohammad Alibakhshikenari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antenna Array ◽  
Communication Systems ◽  
Broad Band ◽  
High Gain ◽  
Single Element ◽  
Total Efficiency ◽  
Potential Candidate ◽  
Next Generation ◽  
Dual Beam ◽  
Element Array

To address atmospheric attenuation and path loss issues in the mmwave portion of the spectrum, high gain and narrow beam antenna systems are essential for the next generation communication networks. This paper presents a novel hook-shaped antenna array for 28 GHz 5G mmwave applications. The proposed antenna was fabricated on commercially available Rogers 5880 substrate with thickness of 0.508 mm and dimensions of 10 × 8 mm2. The proposed shape consists of a circle with an arc-shaped slot on top of it and T-shaped resonating lengths are introduced in order to attain broad band characteristics having gain of 3.59 dBi with radiation and total efficiency of 92% and 86% for single element. The proposed structure is transformed into a four-element array with total size of 26.9 × 18.5 mm2 in order to increase the gain up to 10.3 dBi at desired frequency of interest. The four-element array is designed such that it exhibits dual-beam response over the entire band of interest and the simulated results agree with fabricated prototype measurements. The proposed antenna array, because of its robustness, high gain, and dual-beam characteristics can be considered as a potential candidate for the next generation 5G communication systems.

scholarly journals A Highly Sensitive SPR Sensors Based on Two Parallel PCFs for Low Refractive Index Detection

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Famei Wang ◽  
Chao Liu ◽  
Zhijie Sun ◽  
Tao Sun ◽  
Banghua Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Refractive Index ◽  
Highly Sensitive ◽  
Low Refractive Index ◽  
Refractive Index Detection
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