scholarly journals Production by Tobacco Transplastomic Plants of Recombinant Fungal and Bacterial Cell-Wall Degrading Enzymes to Be Used for Cellulosic Biomass Saccharification

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paolo Longoni ◽  
Sadhu Leelavathi ◽  
Enrico Doria ◽  
Vanga Siva Reddy ◽  
Rino Cella
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Plant Biomass ◽  
Cellulosic Biomass ◽  
Nuclear Transformation ◽  
Recombinant Enzymes ◽  
Cell Wall Degrading Enzymes ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Degrading Enzymes ◽  
Biomass Saccharification

Biofuels from renewable plant biomass are gaining momentum due to climate change related to atmospheric CO2increase. However, the production cost of enzymes required for cellulosic biomass saccharification is a major limiting step in this process. Low-cost production of large amounts of recombinant enzymes by transgenic plants was proposed as an alternative to the conventional microbial based fermentation. A number of studies have shown that chloroplast-based gene expression offers several advantages over nuclear transformation due to efficient transcription and translation systems and high copy number of the transgene. In this study, we expressed in tobacco chloroplasts microbial genes encoding five cellulases and a polygalacturonase. Leaf extracts containing the recombinant enzymes showed the ability to degrade various cell-wall components under different conditions, singly and in combinations. In addition, our group also tested a previously described thermostable xylanase in combination with a cellulase and a polygalacturonase to study the cumulative effect on the depolymerization of a complex plant substrate. Our results demonstrate the feasibility of using transplastomic tobacco leaf extracts to convert cell-wall polysaccharides into reducing sugars, fulfilling a major prerequisite of large scale availability of a variety of cell-wall degrading enzymes for biofuel industry.

scholarly journals The regulatory and transcriptional landscape associated with carbon utilization in a filamentous fungus

2020 ◽  
Vol 117 (11) ◽  
pp. 6003-6013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vincent W. Wu ◽  
Nils Thieme ◽  
Lori B. Huberman ◽  
Axel Dietschmann ◽  
David J. Kowbel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Transcription Factors ◽  
Plant Cell ◽  
Plant Cell Wall ◽  
Plant Biomass ◽  
Carbon Sources ◽  
Cell Wall Degrading Enzymes ◽  
Degrading Enzymes ◽  
Genes Encoding

Filamentous fungi, such asNeurospora crassa, are very efficient in deconstructing plant biomass by the secretion of an arsenal of plant cell wall-degrading enzymes, by remodeling metabolism to accommodate production of secreted enzymes, and by enabling transport and intracellular utilization of plant biomass components. Although a number of enzymes and transcriptional regulators involved in plant biomass utilization have been identified, how filamentous fungi sense and integrate nutritional information encoded in the plant cell wall into a regulatory hierarchy for optimal utilization of complex carbon sources is not understood. Here, we performed transcriptional profiling ofN. crassaon 40 different carbon sources, including plant biomass, to provide data on how fungi sense simple to complex carbohydrates. From these data, we identified regulatory factors inN. crassaand characterized one (PDR-2) associated with pectin utilization and one with pectin/hemicellulose utilization (ARA-1). Using in vitro DNA affinity purification sequencing (DAP-seq), we identified direct targets of transcription factors involved in regulating genes encoding plant cell wall-degrading enzymes. In particular, our data clarified the role of the transcription factor VIB-1 in the regulation of genes encoding plant cell wall-degrading enzymes and nutrient scavenging and revealed a major role of the carbon catabolite repressor CRE-1 in regulating the expression of major facilitator transporter genes. These data contribute to a more complete understanding of cross talk between transcription factors and their target genes, which are involved in regulating nutrient sensing and plant biomass utilization on a global level.

Consolidated Pretreatment and Hydrolysis of Plant Biomass Expressing Cell Wall Degrading Enzymes

2011 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 276-286 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dongcheng Zhang ◽  
Amy L. VanFossen ◽  
Ryan M. Pagano ◽  
Jeremy S. Johnson ◽  
Matthew H. Parker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Plant Biomass ◽  
Cell Wall Degrading Enzymes ◽  
Degrading Enzymes ◽  
Hydrolysis Of

scholarly journals Heterologous Expression of Plant Cell Wall Degrading Enzymes for Effective Production of Cellulosic Biofuels

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sang-Kyu Jung ◽  
Vinuselvi Parisutham ◽  
Seong Hun Jeong ◽  
Sung Kuk Lee
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Heterologous Expression ◽  
Plant Cell ◽  
Plant Cell Wall ◽  
Plant Biomass ◽  
Consolidated Bioprocessing ◽  
Host Organism ◽  
Cell Wall Degrading Enzymes ◽  
Degrading Enzymes ◽  
The Cost

A major technical challenge in the cost-effective production of cellulosic biofuel is the need to lower the cost of plant cell wall degrading enzymes (PCDE), which is required for the production of sugars from biomass. Several competitive, low-cost technologies have been developed to produce PCDE in different host organisms such asEscherichia coli, Zymomonas mobilis, and plant. Selection of an ideal host organism is very important, because each host organism has its own unique features. Synthetic biology-aided tools enable heterologous expression of PCDE in recombinantE. coliorZ. mobilisand allow successful consolidated bioprocessing (CBP) in these microorganisms.In-plantaexpression provides an opportunity to simplify the process of enzyme production and plant biomass processing and leads to self-deconstruction of plant cell walls. Although the future of currently available technologies is difficult to predict, a complete and viable platform will most likely be available through the integration of the existing approaches with the development of breakthrough technologies.

Use of cell wall degrading enzymes to improve the recovery of lipids from Chlorella sorokiniana

2019 ◽  
Vol 377 ◽  
pp. 120325 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio Zuorro ◽  
Veronica Malavasi ◽  
Giacomo Cao ◽  
Roberto Lavecchia
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Chlorella Sorokiniana ◽  
Cell Wall Degrading Enzymes ◽  
Degrading Enzymes
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