scholarly journals Removal of Hg from Real Polluted Sediments Using Enhanced-EK Decontamination: Verification of Experimental Methods and Batch-Test Preliminary Results

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danilo Malarbì ◽  
Pietro P. Falciglia ◽  
Federico G. A. Vagliasindi
Keyword(s):  
Electroosmotic Flow ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
Practical Interest ◽  
Current Intensity ◽  
Sugar Esters ◽  
Preliminary Results ◽  
Bench Scale ◽  
Batch Tests ◽  
Polluted Sediments ◽  
Experimental Apparatus

The aim of the research is to apply a biosurfactant-enhanced-EK technology to marine sediment contaminated by high level of Hg. In this work, data from batch-tests using different novel biosurfactant agents were reported. In addition, a dedicated EK bench-scale apparatus was designed and carried out. Technical test was also performed to evaluate the optimal operating features of the EK bench-scale apparatus, assessing the influence of applied voltage and treatment time on the current intensity and electroosmotic flow. Batch experiments were conducted using two sugar esters as biosurfactants and EDTA salt at different concentrations. Results showed that the maximum extraction efficiency was observed for the biosurfactant Olimpicon GC (15%), for which the Hg extraction was shown to be 3.6-fold higher than for 0.2 M EDTA. From technical tests, the observed reduction of current intensity and electroosmotic flow with time highlights the necessity of using conditioning agents during the treatment. Data demonstrates also the good working features of the experimental apparatus. Preliminary results show that EK treatment jointly with biosurfactants such as sugar esters could be a better choice for the remediation of Hg-polluted sediments. The results obtained are of scientific and practical interest and can be used for further researches.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF THE MAGNETIC FIELD ON THE GROWTH AND SURVIVAL OF THE STREPTOMYCES STREPTOMYCES CANOSUS CNMN-AC-02 STRAIN

2020 ◽  
pp. 46-55
Author(s):  
S. A. Burtseva ◽  
M.N. Byrsa ◽  
I. I. Shibaeva ◽  
A Shibaev ◽  
A.S. Sidorenko
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
Aqueous Suspension ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Practical Interest ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Growth And Survival ◽  
Low Intensity ◽  
Frequency Magnetic Field ◽  
Different Color

The work is devoted to the study of the effect of a low-frequency magnetic field of low intensity on microorganisms. We proceeded from the fundamental fact that the Earth's magnetic field (natural electromagnetic background) is the most important environmental factor affecting all vital processes of living organisms. It is important to realize that in the modern world the negative anthropogenic impact on the natural electromagnetic background has significantly increased due to the rapidly growing number of sources of technogenic fields. The relevance of research is due to the great scientific and practical interest in the issues of survival and growth of colonies of microorganisms under the influence of a magnetic field. We set ourselves the goal of studying the action, in particular, of a low-frequency magnetic field of low intensity. Our task was to find out how the key characteristics of the culture of microorganisms (growth and survival) change under the influence of different field values. We used the device "Biostimulus 1", developed by us at IEINT, which makes it possible to influence biological material with a low-frequency magnetic field of low intensity at specified values. The microbiological material was investigated - Streptomyce canosus CNMN-Ac-02 in the form of an aqueous suspension; an aqueous suspension pounded on the surface of agar and in lyophilic form. Exposure time: 10, 15 and 20 minutes. As a result, it was found that when an aqueous suspension of Streptomyce canosus CNMN-Ac-02 was treated with a magnetic field for 10 and 15 minutes, the appearance of colonies of 2 types with mycelium of different color and size was observed. With an exposure of 20 min. colonies of 4 types arise with the peculiarity of some colonies to release a pigment of a new color into the medium. In the case of a culture in the form of a suspension pounded on agar, similar results were obtained. The survival rate of the S.canosus CNMN-Ac-02 streptomycete strain after exposure to a magnetic field depends on the treatment time, as well as on the state of the culture (dry lyophilized culture or its aqueous suspension).

Electrochemical removal of organics and oil from sawmill and ship effluentsA paper submitted to the Journal of Environmental Engineering and Science.

2009 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 529-539 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick Drogui ◽  
Mélanie Asselin ◽  
Satinder K. Brar ◽  
Hamel Benmoussa ◽  
Jean-François Blais
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Time ◽  
Linear Trend ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Electrode Configuration ◽  
Current Intensity ◽  
Bipolar Electrode ◽  
Oil And Grease ◽  
Total Treatment Time ◽  
Total Treatment ◽  
Improved Performance

The present study investigates the electrocoagulation treatment of two different wastewaters, namely sawmill wastewater and ship waste effluent, charged with organic matter. Monopolar electrode configuration was studied for both types of effluents at current intensity of 2.0 A for a total treatment time of 90 min. Soluble chemical oxygen demand (CODs) removal was very low (12.5% to 13.6%) for sawmill effluent in comparison to 74.7% to 75.4% obtained for ship effluents. Thus, ship effluent was further examined in details for its treatment efficacy in terms of electrode configuration and type, current intensity, treatment time, and pH. It was observed that bipolar electrode configuration using the Al electrode at 0.3 A gave the highest CODs removal of 77%. Effluent pH increased rapidly in the initial 20 min with a concomitant decrease in CODs concentration. Electrocoagulated-flocculated ship effluent improved performance relative to simple flocculation with respective removals of 86% of turbidity, 56% of CODs; 69% of total COD (CODt), 90% of oil and grease, 94% of C10-C50 hydrocarbons and 89% of biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5). Residual Al3+ concentration in the solution followed a linear trend with treatment time. Meanwhile, the sludge production increased progressively during 60 min of treatment time. Total cost for treatment of ship effluent, including energy, electrodes, and sludge disposal fee is estimated between CAN$1.34 and CAN$2.40m–3.

scholarly journals Performance of Electrochemical Processes in the Treatment of Reverse Osmosis Concentrates of Sanitary Landfill Leachate

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (16) ◽  
pp. 2905 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annabel Fernandes ◽  
Oumaima Chamem ◽  
Maria José Pacheco ◽  
Lurdes Ciríaco ◽  
Moncef Zairi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reverse Osmosis ◽  
Landfill Leachate ◽  
Iron Content ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
Current Intensity ◽  
Sanitary Landfill ◽  
Applied Current ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Electrochemical Processes ◽  
Sanitary Landfill Leachate

Electrochemical technologies have been broadly applied in wastewaters treatment, but few studies have focused on comparing the performance of the different electrochemical processes, especially when used to treat highly-polluted streams. The electrochemical treatment of a reverse osmosis concentrate of sanitary landfill leachate was performed by means of electrocoagulation (EC), anodic oxidation (AO) and electro-Fenton (EF) processes, and the use of different electrode materials and experimental conditions was assessed. All the studied processes and experimental conditions were effective in organic load removal. The results obtained showed that EC, with stainless steel electrodes, is the cheapest process, although it presents the disadvantage of sludge formation with high iron content. At high applied current intensity, AO presents the best treatment time/energy consumption ratio, especially if the samples’ initial pH is corrected to 3. However, pH correction from natural to 3 deeply decreases nitrogen-containing compounds’ removal. For longer treatment time, the EF process with a carbon-felt cathode and a BDD anode, performed at natural iron content and low applied current intensity, is the most favorable solution.

Infrared Site Testing in Antarctica

1996 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-29
Author(s):  
L. Valenziano
Keyword(s):  
Wavelength Range ◽  
Site Testing ◽  
Preliminary Results ◽  
Experimental Apparatus ◽  
Future Plans

AbstractSite testing campaigns in the mid-IR wavelength range have been carried out in Antarctica in the last two southern summer seasons. A description of the experimental apparatus and some preliminary results are presented in this work. Future plans are also discussed.

Cadmium Removal and Electroosmotic Flow during Electrokinetic Remediation of Contaminated Soil

2010 ◽  
Vol 113-116 ◽  
pp. 2237-2240
Author(s):  
Wen Xin Shi ◽  
Zhi Wei Zhao ◽  
Li Ye Zhao ◽  
Tun Min Ye
Keyword(s):  
Flow Rate ◽  
Electroosmotic Flow ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
Electrokinetic Remediation ◽  
Low Ph ◽  
Voltage Gradient ◽  
Natural Clay ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Cadmium Removal ◽  
Contaminants Removal

Electrokinetic experiments were conducted on two type of soil: kaolin and natural clay, to investigate the effects of treatment time and voltage gradient on the electroosmotic flow and contaminants removal. The results show that electroosmotic flow rate increases as the voltage gradient increased both in kaolin and natural clay. The voltage gradient and treatment time have also a pronounced effect on the migration of Cd in kaolin. The extent of Cd migration towards the cathode increases with the increasing of applied gradient or tests time. However, a high concentration of Cd was found near the cathode due to adsorption of Cd in the high pH condition. Electroosmotic flow from the anode toward the cathode promotes the development of a low pH environment in the soil and groundwater and in turn enhances the removal of the contaminants.

scholarly journals Water-Based Aerosol for Book Deacidification: Experimental Apparatus and Theoretical Interpretation of Results

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (14) ◽  
pp. 4249
Author(s):  
Giuseppe Chidichimo ◽  
Alessandra Crispini ◽  
Antonio Tursi ◽  
Maria Rita Basile ◽  
Ilaria Lania ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Time ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Degree Of Polymerization ◽  
Theoretical Interpretation ◽  
General Increase ◽  
The Past ◽  
Experimental Apparatus ◽  
Cellulose Depolymerization ◽  
Catalytic Role

One of the major problems in book conservation is the long-term deconstructive effect of acidity introduced into the paper by several additives, which, in the presence of humidity, generates a hydrogen cation with a strong catalytic role in cellulose depolymerization. Many types of treatment have been used in the past, but up to now, research for less-invasive, fast and cheap methods is still vividly ongoing. In this study, an approach to book deacidification is presented, where alkaline water solutions are administered to bound books in the form of micrometer-sized aerosol droplets, without using vacuum apparatus accessories. Alkaline clouds treatments were alternated with gentle air fluxes of drying steps. Few cycles are required to achieve uniform deacidification of books. The treatment could be conducted with proper apparatus on large volumes, resulting in rapid treatment time and low cost. The titration curve reporting the variation of book pH, with respect to the amount of absorbed alkaline aerosol, was built and interpreted in terms of a chemical model for the neutralization process. FTIR, PXRD and XRF spectroscopies were used to characterize the book chemistry. The effects of the treatment on the book were evaluated by measuring the degree of polymerization (DP) of the paper and the colorimetric coordinates of the paper and ink. Artificial aging tests revealed a general increase in the aging stability of the deacidified paper samples with respect to the untreated samples. Finally, the alkaline reserve data are discussed.

scholarly journals Preliminary results from bench-scale testing of a sulfur-iodine thermochemical water-splitting cycle☆

1982 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 381-392 ◽  
Author(s):  
D OKEEFE ◽  
C ALLEN ◽  
G BESENBRUCH ◽  
L BROWN ◽  
J NORMAN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Splitting ◽  
Preliminary Results ◽  
Bench Scale

scholarly journals Efficiency of Electrocoagulation Method to Reduce COD, BOD and TSS in Tannery Industry Wastewater: Application of the Box-Behnken Design

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 217-228
Author(s):  
Edwar Aguilar-Ascon ◽  
Liliana Marrufo-Saldana ◽  
Walter Neyra-Ascon
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Time ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Current Intensity ◽  
P Value ◽  
Optimal Operating ◽  
Box Behnken Design ◽  
Tannery Industry ◽  
Ph Level ◽  
Main Operating

This study intends to assess the removal efficiency of the chemical oxygen demand (COD), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), and total suspended solids (TSS) from raw tannery wastewater using electrocoagulation by aluminum electrodes as well as to determine the effects of its main operating factors. Therefore, the response surface methodology was applied through an experimental Box-Behnken design by considering the current intensity (I), treatment time (T), and pH levels as the factors. In addition, the BOD, COD, and TSS removal percentages were considered to be the response variables. The results indicate that the treatment time, current intensity, and pH level were significant for COD and TSS, whereas only the treatment time was significant at a confidence level of p-value < 0.05 for BOD. For COD, the optimal operating conditions were I = 3 A, T = 24 min, and pH = 8.4; for BOD, the optimal operating conditions were I = 3 A, T = 24 min, and pH = 5.5; and for TSS, the optimal operating conditions were I = 2.7 A, T = 19 min, and pH = 7.4. Under these conditions, removal efficiencies of 56.8%, 69.2%, 99.9% were observed for COD, BOD, and TSS, respectively. The results suggest that electrocoagulation is an effective method for removing the parameters under study; therefore, it is a viable alternative for reducing the pollution issues caused by the tannery industry.

Experimental Apparatus for Assessing the Nonlinear Dynamics of Engine Restart and Shutdown

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Justin Wilbanks ◽  
Michael J. Leamy
Keyword(s):  
Nonlinear Dynamics ◽  
Parameter Estimation ◽  
Internal Combustion Engine ◽  
Combustion Engine ◽  
Internal Combustion ◽  
Uncertain Parameters ◽  
Command Shaping ◽  
Preliminary Results ◽  
Experimental Apparatus ◽  
Parameter Estimation Techniques

An experimental apparatus has been designed and fabricated to assess the nonlinear dynamics of internal combustion engine (ICE) restart and shutdown. The final objective for the apparatus is to validate the application of two-scale command shaping (TSCS) for reduction of unwanted vibrations during ICE restart. The apparatus allows user-specified torque profiles to be applied to a three-cylinder ICE from an electric machine (EM). In turn, the apparatus can measure oscillations in the driveline and chassis, which will ultimately determine the efficacy of TSCS as applied to engine restart. Preliminary results from the apparatus document its ability to measure the unwanted oscillations in the response of the powertrain during ICE restart and shutdown. The apparatus is also expected to provide data, combined with parameter estimation techniques, to determine otherwise uncertain parameters associated with the ICE and EM.

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