scholarly journals Herb-Partitioned Moxibustion and the miRNAs Related to Crohn’s Disease: A Study Based on Rat Models

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kai Wei ◽  
Dan Zhang ◽  
Jue Hong ◽  
Cuihong Zhang ◽  
Xiaoming Feng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽  
Crohn’S Disease ◽  
Crohn's Disease ◽  
Target Genes ◽  
Inflammatory Responses ◽  
Signal Pathways ◽  
Rat Models ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel ◽  
Experimental Researches ◽  
The Relationship

Crohn’s disease (CD) is a major subtype of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Herb-partitioned moxibustion (HPM) has been proven to be effective in treating CD by a large amount of clinical and experimental researches. MiRNAs (microRNAs) are increasingly recognized as important posttranscriptional regulators of inflammatory genes. In this study, we established experimental CD rat models and investigated the miRNAs associated with the onset of experimental CD; then, we further identified CD-related miRNAs that were regulated by HPM and explored the relationship between CD and the potential target genes of involved miRNAs. We found that miR-147 and miR-205 were significantly downregulated in colons of experimental CD rats and may be closely associated with the onset of experimental CD. HPM may extenuate inflammatory responses in colons and ameliorate colonic damages in CD via upregulating the expression of miR-147 and miR-205 and then further downregulating the expression of inflammation-related mRNAs, negatively regulating inflammatory signal pathways, and reducing the production of downstream inflammatory cytokines.

scholarly journals Osteomyelitis and Osteonecrosis in Inflammatory Bowel Disease

1997 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 601-606 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hugh J Freeman
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽  
Crohn’S Disease ◽  
Crohn's Disease ◽  
Bowel Disease ◽  
Fistulous Tract ◽  
Critical Evaluation ◽  
Steroid Treatment ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel ◽  
The Relationship

Osteomyelitis and osteonecrosis are skeletal disorders seen in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Osteomyelitis usually occurs in the pelvic bones, especially in complicated Crohn's disease, presumably by direct extension from a pelvic inflammatory mass, abscess or fistulous tract. Diagnosis of osteomyelitis may be difficult and can lead to spinal extension of the septic process with a resultant neurological deficit, including paraplegia. Osteonecrosis or avascular necrosis has been reported in patients with either ulcerative colitis or Crohn's disease, often, but not exclusively, during or following steroid treatment. The disease is often multifocal, but its natural history is unknown, especially if diagnosed early with modern imaging methods, such as magnetic resonance. In IBD patients, the relationship between osteonecrosis and steroid use is unknown. An adverse steroid effect on bones, especially the femoral heads, may develop in some patients with IBD but, to date, this hypothesis remains unproven. Critical evaluation of published data reveals no consistent association between osteonecrosis and steroid treatment in IBD patients.

Localization and Activity of Inflammatory Bowel Disease Using 111ln Leukocyte Imaging

1988 ◽  
Vol 27 (03) ◽  
pp. 83-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Briele ◽  
F. Wolf ◽  
H. J. Biersack ◽  
F. F. Knapp ◽  
A. Hotze
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽  
Crohn’S Disease ◽  
Crohn's Disease ◽  
Disease Activity ◽  
Bowel Disease ◽  
Cell Uptake ◽  
Disease Extent ◽  
Bowel Diseases ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel ◽  
Leukocyte Imaging

A prospective study was initiated to compare the clinically proven results concerning localization/extent and activity of inflammatory bowel diseases with those of 111ln-oxine leukocyte imaging. All patients studied were completely examined with barium enema x-ray, clinical and laboratory investigations, and endoscopy with histopathology. A total of 31 leukocyte scans were performed in 15 patients (12 with Crohn’s disease, 3 with ulcerative colitis). The scans were graded by comparing the cell uptake of a lesion (when present) and a bone marrow area providing a count ratio (CR). The inflammatory lesions were correctly localized on 26 leukocyte scans, and in 21 scans the scintigraphically estimated extent of disease was identical to endoscopy. In 5 cases the disease extent was underestimated, 4 scans in patients with relapse of Crohn’s disease were falsely negative, and in one patient with remission truly negative. The scintigraphically assessed disease activity was also in a good agreement with clinical disease activity based on histopathology in all cases. We conclude that leukocyte imaging provides valuable information about localization and activity of inflammatory bowel disease.

Prebiotics and Probiotics in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Where are we now and where are we going?

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 216-233 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maliha Naseer ◽  
Shiva Poola ◽  
Syed Ali ◽  
Sami Samiullah ◽  
Veysel Tahan
Keyword(s):  
Ulcerative Colitis ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Crohn’S Disease ◽  
Crohn's Disease ◽  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Bowel Disease ◽  
Relapse Prevention ◽  
Remission Induction ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel

The incidence, prevalence, and cost of care associated with diagnosis and management of inflammatory bowel disease are on the rise. The role of gut microbiota in the causation of Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis has not been established yet. Nevertheless, several animal models and human studies point towards the association. Targeting intestinal dysbiosis for remission induction, maintenance, and relapse prevention is an attractive treatment approach with minimal adverse effects. However, the data is still conflicting. The purpose of this article is to provide the most comprehensive and updated review on the utility of prebiotics and probiotics in the management of active Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis/pouchitis and their role in the remission induction, maintenance, and relapse prevention. A thorough literature review was performed on PubMed, Ovid Medline, and EMBASE using the terms “prebiotics AND ulcerative colitis”, “probiotics AND ulcerative colitis”, “prebiotics AND Crohn's disease”, “probiotics AND Crohn's disease”, “probiotics AND acute pouchitis”, “probiotics AND chronic pouchitis” and “prebiotics AND pouchitis”. Observational studies and clinical trials conducted on humans and published in the English language were included. A total of 71 clinical trials evaluating the utility of prebiotics and probiotics in the management of inflammatory bowel disease were reviewed and the findings were summarized. Most of these studies on probiotics evaluated lactobacillus, De Simone Formulation or Escherichia coli Nissle 1917 and there is some evidence supporting these agents for induction and maintenance of remission in ulcerative colitis and prevention of pouchitis relapse with minimal adverse effects. The efficacy of prebiotics such as fructooligosaccharides and Plantago ovata seeds in ulcerative colitis are inconclusive and the data regarding the utility of prebiotics in pouchitis is limited. The results of the clinical trials for remission induction and maintenance in active Crohn's disease or post-operative relapse with probiotics and prebiotics are inadequate and not very convincing. Prebiotics and probiotics are safe, effective and have great therapeutic potential. However, better designed clinical trials in the multicenter setting with a large sample and long duration of intervention are needed to identify the specific strain or combination of probiotics and prebiotics which will be more beneficial and effective in patients with inflammatory bowel disease.

scholarly journals The Changing Prognosis of Ulcerative Colitis and Crohn’s Disease by Decades

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Burton I Korelitz ◽  
Judy Schneider
Keyword(s):  
Ulcerative Colitis ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽  
Crohn’S Disease ◽  
Crohn's Disease ◽  
Medical Therapy ◽  
Bowel Disease ◽  
Surgical Intervention ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel

Abstract We present a bird’s eye view of the prognosis for both ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease as contained in the database of an Inflammatory Bowel Disease gastroenterologist covering the period from 1950 until the present utilizing the variables of medical therapy, surgical intervention, complications and deaths by decades.

scholarly journals Leucine-rich alpha-2 glycoprotein is a potential biomarker to monitor disease activity in inflammatory bowel disease receiving adalimumab: PLANET study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shinichiro Shinzaki ◽  
Katsuyoshi Matsuoka ◽  
Hiroki Tanaka ◽  
Fuminao Takeshima ◽  
Shingo Kato ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽  
Crohn’S Disease ◽  
Crohn's Disease ◽  
Disease Activity ◽  
Bowel Disease ◽  
Fecal Calprotectin ◽  
Potential Biomarker ◽  
Adalimumab Therapy ◽  
Adalimumab Treatment ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel

Abstract Background This multicenter prospective study (UMIN000019958) aimed to evaluate the usefulness of serum leucin-rich alpha-2 glycoprotein (LRG) levels in monitoring disease activity in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Methods Patients with moderate-to-severe IBD initiated on adalimumab therapy were enrolled herein. Serum LRG, C-reactive protein (CRP), and fecal calprotectin (fCal) levels were measured at week 0, 12, 24, and 52. Colonoscopy was performed at week 0, 12, and 52 for ulcerative colitis (UC), and at week 0, 24, and 52 for Crohn’s disease (CD). Endoscopic activity was assessed using the Simple Endoscopic Score for Crohn’s Disease (SES-CD) for CD and the Mayo endoscopic subscore (MES) for UC. Results A total of 81 patients was enrolled. Serum LRG levels decreased along with improvements in clinical and endoscopic outcomes upon adalimumab treatment (27.4 ± 12.6 μg/ml at week 0, 15.5 ± 7.7 μg/ml at week 12, 15.7 ± 9.6 μg/ml at week 24, and 14.5 ± 6.8 μg/ml at week 52), being correlated with endoscopic activity at each time point (SES-CD: r = 0.391 at week 0, r = 0.563 at week 24, r = 0.697 at week 52; MES: r = 0.534 at week 0, r = 0.429 at week 12, r = 0.335 at week 52). Endoscopic activity better correlated with LRG compared to CRP and fCal on pooled analysis at all time points (SES-CD: LRG: r = 0.636, CRP: r = 0.402, fCal: r = 0.435; MES: LRG: r = 0.568, CRP: 0.389, fCal: r = 0.426). Conclusions Serum LRG is a useful biomarker of endoscopic activity both in CD and UC during the adalimumab treatment.

scholarly journals Targeted 1H NMR metabolomics and immunological phenotyping of human fresh blood and serum samples discriminate between healthy individuals and inflammatory bowel disease patients treated with anti-TNF

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Notararigo ◽  
Manuel Martín-Pastor ◽  
Juan E. Viñuela Roldán ◽  
Adriano Quiroga ◽  
J. Enrique Dominguez-Munoz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ulcerative Colitis ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽  
Crohn’S Disease ◽  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Crohn's Disease ◽  
T Lymphocyte ◽  
Fresh Blood ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Nmr Metabolomics ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel

Abstract Inflammatory bowel disease is a multifactorial etiology, associated with environmental factors that can trigger both debut and relapses. A high level of tumor necrosis factor-α in the gut is the main consequence of immune system imbalance. The aim of treatment is to restore gut homeostasis. In this study, fresh blood and serum samples were used to identify biomarkers and to discriminate between Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis patients under remission treated with anti-TNF. Metabolomics based on Nuclear Magnetic Resonance spectroscopy (NMR) was used to detect unique biomarkers for each class of patients. Blood T lymphocyte repertories were characterized, as well as cytokine and transcription factor profiling, to complement the metabolomics data. Higher levels of homoserine-methionine and isobutyrate were identified as biomarkers of Crohn’s disease with ileocolic localization. For ulcerative colitis, lower levels of creatine-creatinine, proline, and tryptophan were found that reflect a deficit in the absorption of essential amino acids in the gut. T lymphocyte phenotyping and its functional profiling revealed that the overall inflammation was lower in Crohn’s disease patients than in those with ulcerative colitis. These results demonstrated that NMR metabolomics could be introduced as a high-throughput evaluation method in routine clinical practice to stratify both types of patients related to their pathology. Key messages NMR metabolomics is a non-invasive tool that could be implemented in the normal clinical practice for IBD to assess beneficial effect of the treatment. NMR metabolomics is a useful tool for precision medicine, in order to sew a specific treatment to a specific group of patients. Finding predictors of response to IFX would be desirable to select patients affected by IBD. Immunological status of inflammations correlates with NMR metabolomics biomarkers.

Pharmacogenetics of inflammatory bowel disease: a focus on Crohn's disease

2017 ◽  
Vol 18 (11) ◽  
pp. 1095-1114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Rufini ◽  
Cinzia Ciccacci ◽  
Giuseppe Novelli ◽  
Paola Borgiani
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽  
Crohn’S Disease ◽  
Crohn's Disease ◽  
Bowel Disease ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document