scholarly journals Angioblast Derived from ES Cells Construct Blood Vessels and Ameliorate Diabetic Polyneuropathy in Mice

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatsuhito Himeno ◽  
Hideki Kamiya ◽  
Keiko Naruse ◽  
Zhao Cheng ◽  
Sachiko Ito ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Embryonic Stem Cells ◽  
Blood Vessels ◽  
Progenitor Cell ◽  
Therapeutic Strategy ◽  
Es Cells ◽  
Embryonic Stem ◽  
Diabetic Polyneuropathy ◽  
Mouse Embryonic Stem Cells ◽  
Intraepidermal Nerve Fiber

Background. Although numerous reports addressing pathological involvements of diabetic polyneuropathy have been conducted, a universally effective treatment of diabetic polyneuropathy has not yet been established. Recently, regenerative medicine studies in diabetic polyneuropathy using somatic stem/progenitor cell have been reported. However, the effectiveness of these cell transplantations was restricted because of their functional and numerical impairment in diabetic objects. Here, we investigated the efficacy of treatment for diabetic polyneuropathy using angioblast-like cells derived from mouse embryonic stem cells.Methods and Results. Angioblast-like cells were obtained from mouse embryonic stem cells and transplantation of these cells improved several physiological impairments in diabetic polyneuropathy: hypoalgesia, delayed nerve conduction velocities, and reduced blood flow in sciatic nerve and plantar skin. Furthermore, pathologically, the capillary number to muscle fiber ratios were increased in skeletal muscles of transplanted hindlimbs, and intraepidermal nerve fiber densities were ameliorated in transplanted plantar skin. Transplanted cells maintained their viabilities and differentiated to endothelial cells and smooth muscle cells around the injection sites. Moreover, several transplanted cells constructed chimeric blood vessels with recipient cells.Conclusions. These results suggest that transplantation of angioblast like cells induced from embryonic stem cells appears to be a novel therapeutic strategy for diabetic polyneuropathy.

scholarly journals Tissue engineering of blood vessels with endothelial cells differentiated from mouse embryonic stem cells

Cell Research ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 335-341 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gan SHEN ◽  
Hsiao Chien TSUNG ◽  
Chun Fang WU ◽  
Xiao Yin LIU ◽  
Xiaoyun WANG ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Embryonic Stem Cells ◽  
Blood Vessels ◽  
Embryonic Stem ◽  
Mouse Embryonic Stem Cells

336 DIFFERENTIATION OF MOUSE EMBRYONIC STEM CELLS USING SF1 INTO THE STEROID-PRODUCING CELLS

2015 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 256
Author(s):  
H. Y. Kang ◽  
Y.-K. Choi ◽  
E.-B. Jeung
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Embryonic Stem Cells ◽  
Selection Process ◽  
Es Cells ◽  
Embryonic Stem ◽  
Primitive Streak ◽  
Mouse Embryonic Stem Cells ◽  
Forkhead Transcription Factor ◽  
Cmv Promoter ◽  
Mes Cells

Steroidogenic factor 1 (SF-1) is essential for the development and function of steroidogenic tissues. Stable incorporation of SF-1 into embryonic stem cells has been reported to prime the cells for steroidogenesis. In this study, we obtained SF1 cDNA from mRNA of murine pituitary glands and constructed the SF1-expressing vector controlled by the CMV promoter. The SF1 transgenic mouse embryonic stem cells (SF1-mES cells) were established through transfection using the nucleofector (Lonza) and selection process using G418 at 250 μg mL–1. The SF1-mES cells were aggregated in hanging drops for 2 days and were transferred to suspension culture for an additional 1 day in mouse basal differentiation medium. Three-day-old SF1-mESC-derived EB were attached onto 6 well culture plates and differentiated into granulosa-like cells. Differentiated SF1-mES cells were analysed by expression of steroidogenesis-related genes and gonadal lineage-markers to the level of mRNA via real-time PCR method. To test the phenotype for granulosa-like cells, we confirmed transcripts of specific forkhead transcription factor FOXL2 and the follicle-stimulating hormone receptor (FSHR). On the other hand, we monitored some specific genes related to differentiation into testicular tissue. We observed the progress to primitive streak-mesendodermby gene expression analyses. In addition, we observed that differentiated SF1-mES cells express steroidogenic enzymes, such as 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase, cytochrome P450-containing enzyme (CYP)-11A1, and CYP19A1. Using the advanced approach, we explored culture conditions that optimize SF-1-mediated differentiation of ES cells into defined steroidogenic and gonadal lineages. We also induced granulosa-like cells. We established the effective protocol to generate ovarian cells. The derivation of these cells explores new avenues for the further study and potential application of these cells in steroidogenesis.

scholarly journals Mouse embryonic stem cells switch migratory behaviour during early differentiation

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irene M. Aspalter ◽  
Wolfram Pönisch ◽  
Kevin J. Chalut ◽  
Ewa K. Paluch
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Embryonic Stem Cells ◽  
Cell Fate ◽  
Es Cells ◽  
Embryonic Stem ◽  
Mouse Embryonic Stem Cells ◽  
Migratory Behaviour ◽  
Es Cell ◽  
Early Differentiation ◽  
Cell State

AbstractDevelopment relies on a series of precisely orchestrated cell fate changes. While studies of fate transitions often focus on changes in gene regulatory networks, most transitions are also associated with changes in cell shape and cell behaviour. Here, we investigate changes in migratory behaviour in mouse embryonic stem (ES) cells during their first developmental fate transition, exit from ES cell state. We show that naïve pluripotent ES cells cannot efficiently migrate on 2-dimensional substrates but are able to migrate in an amoeboid fashion when placed in confinement. Exit from ES cell state, typically characterised by enhanced cell spreading, is associated with decreased migration in confinement and acquisition of mesenchymal-like migration on 2D substrates. Interestingly, confined, amoeboid-like migration of ES cells strongly depends on Myosin IIA, but not Myosin IIB. In contrast mesenchymal-like migration of cells exiting the ES cell state does not depend on Myosin motor activity but relies on the activity of the Arp2/3 complex. Together, our data suggest that during early differentiation, cells undergo a switch in the regulation of the actin cytoskeleton, leading to a transition from amoeboid-to mesenchymal-like migration.Summary statementNaïve mouse embryonic stem cells display amoeboid-like migration in confinement, but switch to mesenchymal-like migration as they exit the ES cell state.

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